Comment on Quantum teleportation via GHZ-like state

Recently Yang et al. [Int. J. Theo. Phys. 48 (2009) 516] have shown that an unknown qubit can be teleported by using a particular GHZ-like state as quantum channel. However, there are several errors in the calculation which lead to incorrect conclusions. The errors have been indicated and corrected. It is also noted that their scheme and the independently proposed teleportation scheme of Zhang et al. [Int. J. Theo. Phys. 48 (2009) 3331] uses quantum channel from the same family and any state of that family may be used for teleportation.Comment: 2 page

Estimation of Mean Time between Failures in Two Unit Parallel Repairable System

Mean time between failures is a method for estimating the reliability parameters of any repairable system. MTBF is also helpful in performing decision analysis in parallel and series systems and subsystems. The MTBF is the reciprocal of the failure rate when each component which fails is replaced immediately with another having the identical failure rate. There are situations when the assumption of a constant failure rate is not realistic and in many of these situations one assumes instead that the failure rate function increases or decreases smoothly with time i.e. there are no discontinuity or turning points. In this paper, we have tried to estimate MTBF taking real failure rate in case of two unit parallel repairable system and study its consistency with either the initial or the last stage of the failure rate curve

Attenuation of stress response to laryngoscopy and intubation: sublingual nitroglycerin spray vs intravenous fentanyl and sublingual nitroglycerin spray

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation is invariably associated with certain cardiovascular changes such as tachycardia, rise in blood pressure and a wide variety of cardiac arrhythmias. 1 Such complications are highly detrimental in patients with limited cardiovascular reserve specially in geriatric and elderly population. Various pharmacological agents have been used to attenuate these stress responses but none has yet been considered ideal. Therefore, purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of sublingual Nitroglycerine spray alone and sublingual Nitroglycerine spray with intravenous Fentanyl to attenuate the pressor response to laryngoscopy and intubation in normotensive patients.Methods: A total of 120 ASA I and II patients of age group 18-60 years scheduled for elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups of 40 in each group. Group 1 control group, Group 2, received NTG sub-lingual spray (0.4mg/spray) two min. before induction, and Group 3 received inj. Fentanyl (2µg/kg) 5min before + NTG sub-lingual spray (0.4 mg/spray) 2min before induction. Vital parameters before and after induction and thereafter at specified time interval following laryngoscopy and intubation were recorded for comparison.Results: Demographic characteristics and baseline vital parameters in both the groups were comparable. Significant differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were observed in between the groups during postintubation period.Conclusions: Combination of intravenous Fentanyl plus Nitroglycerin spray is more effective than NTG alone in attenuating the stress response following laryngoscopy and intubation

Catalysed-microwave based Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass of Camelina Sativa L. for Bio-Fuel Production

Lignocellulosic biomasses are promising alternative resource for bio-fuel production. But due to the recalcitrant nature of lignin and hemicellulose, necessitates an efficient pre-treatment process to improve the yield of reducing sugars and maximising the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. Catalysed-microwave pre-treatment may be a good alternative as compared to other methods since it can reduce the time and improve the enzymatic activity during hydrolysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the catalysed-microwave based pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass of Camelina sativa straw (CSS) to overcome the recalcitrant nature of cellulosic biomass. The microwave-alkaline (2 % NaOH) pre-treatment of CSS at 250 W for 10 min yields maximum (~422 mg/g) total soluble sugars (TSS) production during hydrolysis. Likewise, the maximum glucose content (~294 mg/g) was measured in 2 % alkaline-microwave pre-treatment for 10 min at RT. However, slight increase in lignin degradation was observed with the increase in alkaline hydroxide concentration and microwave irradiation exposure time. The maximum degradation in lignin content (~83 %) was measured in 3 % alkaline-microwave pre-treatment for 20 min at RT. Our results suggest that the microwave-alkaline pre-treatment approach may be employed for comprehensive utilisation of CSS biomass of Camelina sativa L. cv. Calena (EC643910) for bio-fuel production

Percutaneous transfemoral repositioning of malpositioned central venous access device: A report of two cases

Placement of long term central venous access devices (CVAD) such as chemo ports and Hickman\u2032s catheters are associated with a definite risk of catheter tip malpositioning. As such, malpositioning runs a risk of venous thrombosis and related complications; it is imperative to reposition the catheter. Percutaneous transfemoral venous approach has been described as a minimally invasive and safe method for the repositioning. We present two cases in which the CVAD implanted in one subclavian vein got malpositioned in contra lateral subclavian vein. A percutaneous transfemoral venous approach utilizing 5 Fr angiographic catheter was successful in repositioning of the catheters in both cases

Effect of Groove Location on Pressure Profile of Twin Axial Groove Journal Bearing

1049-1052The main aim of current work is to analyze the influence of groove location on the pressure profile of the hybrid journal bearing. The objective is to develop solution algorithm and computer program which will provide pressure profile developed in the space of clearance of bearing having a given value of Somerfield number. The solution algorithm shall also provide three dimensional pressure profiles of the bearing for different groove location. It was found that groove location with respect to the loading line strongly influences the parameters of performance because of the stronger groove interference in the pressurized hydrodynamic field. The comparison of circumferential pressure with angular location from +X-axis is shown for the ratio of length to diameter which comes out to be 0.5, the clearance ratio (C/R) is found to be 0.00294 while 1125 rpm is the speed. The groove axes optimal location lies between 60° to 90° (∝1 g =0°) to the line of loading

Effect of Groove Location on Pressure Profile of Twin Axial Groove Journal Bearing

The main aim of current work is to analyze the influence of groove location on the pressure profile of the hybrid journal bearing. The objective is to develop solution algorithm and computer program which will provide pressure profile developed in the space of clearance of bearing having a given value of Somerfield number. The solution algorithm shall also provide three dimensional pressure profiles of the bearing for different groove location. It was found that groove location with respect to the loading line strongly influences the parameters of performance because of the stronger groove interference in the pressurized hydrodynamic field. The comparison of circumferential pressure with angular location from +X-axis is shown for the ratio of length to diameter which comes out to be 0.5, the clearance ratio (C/R) is found to be 0.00294 while 1125 rpm is the speed. The groove axes optimal location lies between 60° to 90° (  g =0°) to the line of loading

A Deep Insight Into CAR-T Cell Therapy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Application, Opportunities, and Future Directions

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a cancer that starts in the lymphatic system. In NHL, the important part of the immune system, a type of white blood cells called lymphocytes become cancerous. NHL subtypes include marginal zone lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma (FL), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. The disease can emerge in either aggressive or indolent form. 5-year survival duration after diagnosis is poor among patients with aggressive/relapsing form of NHL. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis involved in NHL establishment and progression. In the next step, we can develop innovative therapies for NHL based on our knowledge in signaling pathways, surface antigens, and tumor milieu of NHL. In the recent few decades, several treatment solutions of NHL mainly based on targeted/directed therapies have been evaluated. These approaches include B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), epigenetic modulators, Bcl-2 inhibitors, checkpoint inhibitors, and T-cell therapy. In recent years, methods based on T cell immunotherapy have been considered as a novel promising anti-cancer strategy in the treatment of various types of cancers, and particularly in blood cancers. These methods could significantly increase the capacity of the immune system to induce durable anti-cancer responses in patients with chemotherapy-resistant lymphoma. One of the promising therapy methods involved in the triumph of immunotherapy is the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells with dramatically improved killing activity against tumor cells. The CAR-T cell-based anti-cancer therapy targeting a pan–B-cell marker, CD19 is recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant B-cell NHL. In this review, we will discuss the structure, molecular mechanisms, results of clinical trials, and the toxicity of CAR-T cell-based therapies. Also, we will criticize the clinical aspects, the treatment considerations, and the challenges and possible drawbacks of the application of CAR-T cells in the treatment of NHL