First report of Evelineus mcintoshii (Langerhans, 1880) (Heteronemertea, Lineidae) from the Mediterranean Sea

The ribbon worm Evelineus mcintoshii is reported for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. Observations that took place, during two algal surveys, on the intertidal abrasion platforms at the middle of the Levantine Sea of Israel indicated that this species is hiding inside a mixture of local and non-indigenous marine seaweeds. It is probably another alien species, one of many, that adopted the Levantine basin of the Eastern Mediterranean due to tropical environmental conditions that characterize this sea. We discuss the first record of this species and its possible origins as well as the first report of Notospermus geniculatus, the other marine nemertean species recently reported from Israel

子宮内膜症と関連する卵巣癌 : 明細胞腺癌と類内膜腺癌の発癌機序における相違点

The histogenesis of endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer is one of the most mysterious aspects of pathology. To better understand the histogenesis of endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, we analyzed the possibility of a link of endometrium, ovarian surface epithelium, and a cortical inclusion cyst to ovarian endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer by immunohistochemistry using the epithelial membrane antigen (an epithelial marker), calretinin (a mesothelial marker), and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1β (a clear cell carcinoma-specific transcription factor). During ovarian surface epithelium invagination, cortical inclusion cyst epithelial cells may, in some cases, undergo mesothelial–epithelial transition and subsequently differentiate into endometriosis. This case of endometriosis that has undergone Müllerian metaplasia arises from the HNF-1β-negative cells. The remaining endometriosis may develop from the late secretory and menstrual endometria, with HNF-1β-positive staining, by retrograde menstruation. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma arise from the HNF-1β-negative and HNF-1β-positive epithelial cells of endometriosis, respectively. It has been proposed that clear cell and endometrioid-type adenocarcinomas arise from distinct types of endometriosis with different cells of origin.博士（医学）・乙第1309号・平成25年3月15日©2012 International Society of Gynecological Pathologist

First record of Euborlasia nigrocincta Coe, 1940 (Nemertea: Heteronemertea) from the western Pacific

The heteronemertean Euborlasia nigrocincta Coe, 1940 was previously known exclusively from the eastern Pacific. A specimen collected on the Izu Peninsula, Honshu, Japan, herein identified as E. nigrocincta, represents the first record of the species from the western Pacific, increasing the western extent of the species’ known range by more than 8300 km and indicating an amphi-Pacific distributio

Occurrence of the freshwater heteronemertean Apatronemertes albimaculosa (Nemertea: Pilidiophora) in Taiwan

We report the freshwater heteronemertean Apatronemertes albimaculosa Wilfert & Gibson, 1974 for the first time from Taiwan based on specimens collected under stones and rocks on gravelly bottom near the shore of a brook in Nantun District, Taichung City. Species identification was corroborated by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences. The species had been reported from aquaria with tropical freshwater plants in Germany, Austria, USA, Spain, and Japan, before it was discovered from wild environment in Panama. Our report represents the second instance of field-caught A. albimaculosa in the world

Experimental Evaluation of Bretschneider's Solution for Myocardial Preservation in Cardiac Transplantation

Myocardial preservation by Bretschneider's solution (BR solution, Group I) with an intracellular like electrolyte and histidine buffer action was compared with EC-Bi solution (Group II) which has an extracellular like electrolyte and bicarbonate buffer action in the mongrel dogs. The PH and PCO2 of the effluent from the coronary sinus were maintained during myocardial ischemia for 3 hr but the lactate rose gradually in group I. The oxygen and lactate up-take ratio of the myocardium after re-perfusion was satisfactory and LV max dp/dt was also maintained at a high level in group I. Morphologically, myelin figure and mitochondrial deformation were more found in group II on electron microscopy. A donor heart preserved for 3 hr in cold BR solution was transplanted in the left thoracic cavity in four mongrel dogs by the technique of the heterotopic cardiac transplantation. Resuscitation of cardiac pulsation was smooth and maintenance of the systemic circulation after transplantation was possible in every case. From these findings, it might be concluded that myocardial preservation using cold BR solution was useful for cardiac transplantation

Diversity of interstitial nemerteans of the genus Ototyphlonemertes (Nemertea: Monostilifera: Ototyphlonemertidae) in the South China Sea, with a comment on the distribution pattern of the genus

The genus Ototyphlonemertes Diesing, 1863, consisting of 33 named species and numerous unnamed morphospecies/molecular entities, is a unique group of nemerteans that possess cerebral statocysts and specifically live in coarse-grained sands. Only eight named species of this genus have yet been recorded from the Indo-Polynesian biogeographic province, which harbors the highest marine biodiversity in the world. In recent years, Ototyphlonemertes were collected from eight sites along the South China Sea coasts. Nine species/entities were revealed by four phylogenetic markers (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S) analyzed by three species delimitation methods: Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), Poisson Tree Process (PTP), and Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent model (GMYC). Six entities are described as new species based on integration of morphological and molecular species delimitations: Ototyphlonemertes conicobasis sp. nov., Ototyphlonemertes coralli sp. nov., Ototyphlonemertes similis sp. nov., Ototyphlonemertes sinica sp. nov., Ototyphlonemertes subrubra sp. nov., and Ototyphlonemertes yingge sp. nov. No morphological differences were detected between two entities and Ototyphlonemertes chernyshevi Kajihara et al., 2018, despite large genetic differences, so are treated as candidate species. Ototyphlonemertes ani Chernyshev, 2007 is first recorded in China. Based mostly on results of phylogenetic analyses, two previously established subgenera are re-defined, and a new subgenus, Procso subgen. nov., is established. Through reviewing the existing studies, we recognize 101 species/entities of Ototyphlonemertes, which are distributed in 18 marine biogeographic provinces. Most (88.1%) of them are endemic to a single biogeographic province, and evolutionary lineages endemic to a geographic area are not uncommon. Maximum diversity has been recorded in the Indo-Polynesian Province (22 species), though sampling to date has covered only a small part of the biogeographic province

Osseointegration aspects of placed implant in bone reconstruction with newly developed block-type interconnected porous calcium hydroxyapatite

Artificial bone has been employed to reconstruct bone defects. However, only few reports on implant placement after block bone grafting exist. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osseointegration of dental implant in bone reconstructions with interconnected porous calcium hydroxyapatite (IP-CHA). Material and Methods The IP-CHA cylinders (D; 4.3 mm, H; 10.0 mm) were placed into bone sockets in each side of the femurs of four male dogs. The IP-CHA on the right side was a 24-week sample. Twelve weeks after placement, a titanium implant was placed into a socket that was prepared in half of the placed IP-CHA cylinder on the right side. On the left side, another IP-CHA cylinder was placed as a 12-week sample. After another 12 weeks, the samples were harvested, and the bone regeneration and bone-implant contact (BIC) ratios were measured. Results New bone formation area was superior in the 24-week IP-CHA compared with the 12-week IP-CHA. BIC was not significantly different between IP-CHA and the parent sites. Osseointegration was detected around the implant in IP-CHA-reconstructed bone. Conclusion Our preliminary results suggest that IP-CHA may be a suitable bone graft material for reconstructing bones that require implant placement

A GA-Based Method for High-Quality X-Filling to Reduce Launch Switching Activity in At-speed Scan Testing

Power-aware X-filling is a preferable approach to avoiding IR-drop-induced yield loss in at-speed scan testing. However, the quality of previous X-filling methods for reducing launch switching activity may be unsatisfactory, due to low effect (insufficient and global-only reduction) and/or low scalability (long CPU time). This paper addresses this quality problem with a novel, GA (Genetic Algorithm) based X-filling method, called GA-fill. Its goals are (1) to achieve both effectiveness and scalability in a more balanced manner, and (2) to make the reduction effect of launch switching activity more concentrated on critical areas that have higher impact on IR-drop-induced yield loss. Evaluation experiments are being conducted on benchmark and industrial circuits, and initial results have demonstrated the usefulness of GA-fill.2009 15th IEEE Pacific Rim International Symposium on Dependable Computing, 16-18 November 2009, Shanghai, Chin

Delimiting the polymorphic congeners of the genus Oerstedia Quatrefages, 1864 (Nemertea, Hoplonemertea), and descriptions of three new species from the Northwest Pacific

Three new species of the monostiliferous hoplonemertean genus Oerstedia Quatrefages, 1864, are herein described using morphological and molecular data—Oerstedia pseudoculata sp. nov., from Akkeshi Bay and Oshoro Bay, Hokkaido, Japan, and from Aniwa Bay, Sakhalin, Russia; Oerstedia rugosa sp. nov. from Sagami Bay, Misaki, Kanagawa, Japan, and Van Phong Bay, Vietnam; and Oerstedia viridifusca sp. nov. from Manazuru, Kanagawa, Japan. As to the external morphology, O. pseudoculata sp. nov. can be differentiated from O. oculata only by its bright-orange ocelli visible on both sides of the head, and a proboscis pore opening at the ventral tip of the head. These two sister species repeat each other’s color patterns, a phenomenon that can be explained by Vavilov’s law of homologous series. Oerstedia rugosa sp. nov. can be identified by its carmine or deep-red to brownish-red body with several longitudinal, intertwined white lines or wrinkles running from the head to the posterior body, and by 17–23 vaguely bordered white bands composed of variedly sized dots encircling the body, arranged at irregular intervals. Oerstedia viridifusca sp. nov. can be distinguished from other Oerstedia by (i) the entire body flecked with minute greenish-brown dots, especially densely on the anterior portion of the dorsal surface, but sparsely on the posterior half of the ventral surface; (ii) a collar-like portion encircling the body along the posterior cephalic furrow where the greenish-brown dots are absent; (iii) the anterolateral edges of the head lacking the greenish-brown dots; and (iv) the ocelli being brownish-orange in color. Oerstedia phoresiae (Kulikova, 1987) is reported for the first time from Japan, in addition to its previous distribution record in Russia and in South Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S, 18S, 28S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and histone H3 genes show that the new species are true congeners of the genus Oerstedia with O. pseudoculata sp. nov. and O. viridifusca sp. nov. nested within the clade Paroerstediella whereas O. rugosa sp. nov. in the clade Oerstedia. This taxonomic work emphasizes the importance of DNA barcode sequence in the taxonomy and systematics of the polymorphic congeners of the genus Oerstedia