Correction to: He ʻike ʻana ia i ka pono (it is a recognizing of the right thing): how one indigenous worldview informs relational values and social values (Sustainability Science, (2019), 14, 5, (1213-1232), 10.1007/s11625-019-00721-9)

In the original publication of the article, under the section “Indigenous and local knowledge”, on the 4th page, the following sentence “… Megan Bang, a scholar of Native American (Menominee) descent, and her team…” was published incorrectly. The correct sentence should read as “… Megan Bang, a scholar of Native American (Ojibwe) and Italian descent, and her team…”

Farmers\u27 relationship with nature: how and why it matters

Understanding why producers adopt best management practices (BMPs) is vital to protecting waterbodies such as the Salish Sea. While the economic bottom line is important to agricultural producers, they also make decisions through a socio-cultural lens influenced by their world-views and psychological biases. This presentation provides insights into economic, and non-economic motivations underling farming practices in British Columbia. We conducted 166 surveys and 30 on-farm interviews with agricultural producers across British Columbia (BC) as part of an assessment of BC’s Environmental Farm Plan program. The survey results find diverse motivations for farming. Non-economic motivations including lifestyle, reputation, and stewardship of the land, can be more important to producers than economic motivations. Given our interest in BMPs and stewardship, we sought to understand producers’ relationships with nature. We used a newly developed set of questions, known as the ‘relational values scale’, to measure dimensions of producers’ relationship with nature, including their responsibility to the land and their kinship with plants and animals. We find that relational values and motivations explain the variance in past adoption and future willingness to adopt BMPs. Also, producers’ motivations and values influence their participation and beliefs regarding incentive programs. By accounting for the diversity of ways producers are motivated by and value nature, incentive programs can better enable the widespread adoption of BMPs

Modeling multiple ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, commodity production, and tradeoffs at landscape scales

Nature provides a wide range of benefits to people. There is increasing consensus about the importance of incorporating these ecosystem services into resource management decisions, but quantifying the levels and values of these services has proven difficult. We use a spatially explicit modeling tool, Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST), to predict changes in ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, and commodity production levels. We apply InVEST to stakeholder-defined scenarios of land-use/land-cover change in the Willamette Basin, Oregon. We found that scenarios that received high scores for a variety of ecosystem services also had high scores for biodiversity, suggesting there is little tradeoff between biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. Scenarios involving more development had higher commodity production values, but lower levels of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. However, including payments for carbon sequestration alleviates this tradeoff. Quantifying ecosystem services in a spatially explicit manner, and analyzing tradeoffs between them, can help to make natural resource decisions more effective, efficient, and defensible. © The Ecological Society of America

Resolution-dependent quark masses from meson correlators

We explore the impact of a resolution-dependent constituent quark mass, as recently applied to diffractive meson production, in QCD correlation functions of several spin-0 and spin-1 meson channels. We compare the resulting correlators with experimental and lattice data, analyze the virtues and limitations of the approach, and discuss the channel dependence of the obtained effective quark masses.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. C, reference adde

An environmental justice perspective on ecosystem services

Mainstreaming of ecosystem service approaches has been proposed as one path toward sustainable development. Meanwhile, critics of ecosystem services question if the approach can account for the multiple values of ecosystems to diverse groups of people, or for aspects of inter- and intra-generational justice. In particular, an ecosystem service approach often overlooks power dimensions and capabilities that are core to environmental justice. This article addresses the need for greater guidance on incorporating justice into ecosystem services research and practice. We point to the importance of deep engagement with stakeholders and rights holders to disentangle contextual factors that moderate justice outcomes on ecosystem service attribution and appropriation in socio-political interventions. Such a holistic perspective enables the integration of values and knowledge plurality for enhancing justice in ecosystem services research. This broadened perspective paves a way for transformative ecosystem service assessments, management, and research, which can help inform and design governance structures that nourish human agency to sustainably identify, manage, and enjoy ecosystem services for human wellbeing

Modulated structures in electroconvection in nematic liquid crystals

Motivated by experiments in electroconvection in nematic liquid crystals with homeotropic alignment we study the coupled amplitude equations describing the formation of a stationary roll pattern in the presence of a weakly-damped mode that breaks isotropy. The equations can be generalized to describe the planarly aligned case if the orienting effect of the boundaries is small, which can be achieved by a destabilizing magnetic field. The slow mode represents the in-plane director at the center of the cell. The simplest uniform states are normal rolls which may undergo a pitchfork bifurcation to abnormal rolls with a misaligned in-plane director.We present a new class of defect-free solutions with spatial modulations perpendicular to the rolls. In a parameter range where the zig-zag instability is not relevant these solutions are stable attractors, as observed in experiments. We also present two-dimensionally modulated states with and without defects which result from the destabilization of the one-dimensionally modulated structures. Finally, for no (or very small) damping, and away from the rotationally symmetric case, we find static chevrons made up of a periodic arrangement of defect chains (or bands of defects) separating homogeneous regions of oblique rolls with very small amplitude. These states may provide a model for a class of poorly understood stationary structures observed in various highly-conducting materials ("prechevrons" or "broad domains").Comment: 13 pages, 13 figure

The Spectrum of the Dirac Operator in the Linear Sigma Model with Quarks

We derive the spectrum of the Dirac operator for the linear sigma-model with quarks in the large N_c approximation using renormalization group flow equations. For small eigenvalues, the Banks-Casher relation and the vanishing linear term are recovered. We calculate the coefficient of the next to leading term and investigate the spectrum beyond the low energy regime.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene in Han Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris

Psoriasis vulgaris is defined by a series of linked cellular changes in the skin: hyperplasia of epidermal keratinocytes, vascular hyperplasia and ectasia, and infiltration of T lymphocytes, neutrophils and other types of leukocytes in the affected skin. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) 158 polymorphism can reduce the activity of the COMT enzyme that may trigger defective differentiation of keratinocytes in psoriasis. Immunocytes can degrade and inactivate catecholamines via monamine oxidase (MAO) and COMT in the cells. We hypothesized that the COMT-158G > A polymorphism was associated with the risk of psoriasis vulgaris in Han Chinese people. In a hospital-based case-control study, 524 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 549 psoriasis-free controls were studied. COMT-158 G > A polymorphism was genotyped using the PCR sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) technique. We found no statistically significant association between the COMT-158 allele A and the risk of psoriasis vulgaris (p = 0.739 adjusted OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.81-1.31). This suggests that the COMT-158 G > A polymorphism may not contribute to the etiology of psoriasis vulgaris in the Han Chinese population

The Lax pairs for elliptic C_n and BC_n Ruijsenaars-Schneider models and their spectral curves

We study the elliptic C_n and BC_n Ruijsenaars-Schneider models which is elliptic generalization of system given in hep-th/0006004. The Lax pairs for these models are constructed by Hamiltonian reduction technology. We show that the spectral curves can be parameterized by the involutive integrals of motion for these models. Taking nonrelativistic limit and scaling limit, we verify that they lead to the systems corresponding to Calogero-Moser and Toda types.Comment: LaTeX2e, 25 pages, 1 table, some references added and rearranged together with misprints correcte

Zinc Deficiency via a Splice Switch in Zinc Importer ZIP2/SLC39A2 Causes Cystic Fibrosis-Associated MUC5AC Hypersecretion in Airway Epithelial Cells

Airway mucus hyperproduction and fluid imbalance are important hallmarks of cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common life-shortening genetic disorder in Caucasians. Dysregulated expression and/or function of airway ion transporters, including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), have been implicated as causes of CF-associated mucus hypersecretory phenotype. However, the contributory roles of other substances and transporters in the regulation of CF airway pathogenesis remain unelucidated. Here, we identified a novel connection between CFTR/ENaC expression and the intracellular Zn2 + concentration in the regulation of MUC5AC, a major secreted mucin that is highly expressed in CF airway. CFTR-defective and ENaC-hyperactive airway epithelial cells specifically and highly expressed a unique, alternative splice isoform of the zinc importer ZIP2/SLC39A2 (ΔC-ZIP2), which lacks the C-terminal domain. Importantly, ΔC-ZIP2 levels correlated inversely with wild-type ZIP2 and intracellular Zn2 + levels. Moreover, the splice switch to ΔC-ZIP2 as well as decreased expression of other ZIPs caused zinc deficiency, which is sufficient for induction of MUC5AC; while ΔC-ZIP2 expression per se induced ENaC expression and function. Thus, our findings demonstrate that the novel splicing switch contributes to CF lung pathology via the novel interplay of CFTR, ENaC, and ZIP2 transporters