27 research outputs found

    Determination of Biological Treatability Processes of Textile Wastewater and Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Model

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    This study investigated the biological treatability of textile wastewater. For this purpose, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was utilized for biological treatment after the ozonation process. Due to the refractory organic contents of textile wastewater that has a low biodegradability capacity, ozonation was implemented as an advanced oxidation process prior to the MBR system to increase the biodegradability of the wastewater. Textile wastewater, oxidized by ozonation, was fed to the MBR at different hydraulic retention times (HRT). During the process, color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiencies were monitored for 24-hour, 12-hour, 6-hour, and 3-hour retention times. Under these conditions, 94% color, 65% COD, and 55% BOD removal efficiencies were obtained in the MBR system. The experimental outputs were modeled with multiple linear regressions (MLR) and fuzzy logic. MLR results suggested that color removal is more related to COD removal relative to BOD removal. A surface map of this issue was prepared with a fuzzy logic model. Furthermore, fuzzy logic was employed to the whole modeling of the biological system treatment. Determination coefficients for COD, BOD, and color removal efficiencies were 0.96, 0.97, and 0.92, respectively

    Cervical stump endometriosis after laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LASH) - is there a risk?

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    Fragestellung: Immer wieder tritt bei Frauen nach laparoskopisch-assistierter supracervikaler Hysterektomie (LASH) eine rektovaginale Endometriose auf, die operativ behandelt werden muss. Das Anliegen dieser Studie war es Patientinnen mit rektovaginaler Endometriose bzw. Cervixstumpfendometriose bei Zustand nach LASH im Hinblick auf das anamnestische Vorliegen einer Endometriose hin zu evaluieren und ggf. eine Risikoabschätzung zur Durchführung einer LASH bei Endometriose-Patientinnen zu treffen. Methoden: Retrospektive Studie mit Rekrutierung der Studienpatientinnen aus der Charité und dem Humboldt- Klinikum, wobei 24 Patientinnen eingeschlossen werden konnten. Weitere 6 Patientinnen, bei denen eine LASH durchgeführt wurde ohne dass sich eine Cervixstumpfendometriose entwickelt hatte, bildeten die Kontrollgruppe. Mithilfe der Patientenakten erfolgte die Erhebung der erforderlichen klinischen Daten. Ergebnisse: Neben dem Cervixbefall lag allgemein eine stark ausgeprägte Endometriose vor. Bei den Patientinnen mit zuvor bekannter Endometriose (n = 17) betrug die mittlere Zeitspanne nach der LASH bis zum klinischen Verdacht des Endometrioserezidivs mit anschließender Cervixstumpfexstirpation 26,71 Monate. Bei den Patientinnen mit zuvor unbekannter bzw. nicht diagnostizierter Endometriose (n = 7) betrug die mittlere Zeitspanne nach der LASH bis zur Cervixstumpfexstirpation mit der Erstdiagnose Endometriose bzw. Cervixstumpfendometriose 28,57 Monate. Durch die exazerbierte Endometriose war der operative Eingriff der Cervixstumpfexstirpation weitaus radikaler als bei der LASH. Zu den radikalen Maßnahmen gehörten u.a. Darmteilresektionen, Salpingoovariolysen und Parametrektomien. Zu den operativen Komplikationen gehörten neben multiplen Serosadefekten auch Serosaläsionen des Ileums und Läsionen der Vena iliaca communis (jeweils 4,17 %, n =1). Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorliegende Arbeit soll auf das Vorkommen von Cervixstumpfendometriosen nach LASH aufmerksam machen. Bisher liegen in der Literatur keine belastbaren Daten hinsichtlich der Inzidenz des Auftretens von Cervisxtumpfendometriosen bei anamnestisch bekannter bzw. nicht bekannter Endometriose nach LASH vor. Aufgrund dieser vorgestellten Daten scheinen aber prospektive Studien sinnvoll, um einerseits die Exazerbation der Endometriose vorbeugen zu können und andererseits geeignetere Empfehlungen bzgl. der Operationstechniken, vor allem der LASH, auszusprechen. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Empfehlung zur Durchführung einer totalen Hysterektomie gegenüber der LASH in einem Endometriosekompetenzzentrum bei Patientinnen mit bekannter Endometriose, vor allem mit rektovaginaler Endometriose und bei Adenomyosis uteri.Introduction: There are frequently cases of women with rectovaginal endometriosis after a laparoscopic assisted supracervical hysterectomy (LASH), which need surgical treatments. The aim of this study was to identify patients with rectovaginal endometriosis or cervical stump endometriosis after a LASH and to examine the presence of endometriosis in the prehistory of those patients to make a risk assessment and a recommendation of LASH – procedures, especially at patients with known endometriosis. Methods: Retrospective study with recruitment of patients from the Charité and the Humboldt Hospital, where 24 patients were included. Another 6 patients without cervical stump endometriosis after LASH - procedures, formed the control group. The patient records were used to collect the required clinical data. Results: In addition to the infiltration of the cervical stump, the endometriosis was generally more severe than before. The average time between the LASH and the recurrence of endometriosis with a subsequent removal of the retained cervical stump in cases with previously known endometriosis (n = 17) took 26,71 months. The average time between the LASH and the removal of the cervical stump with the first diagnosis of endometriosis or cervical stump endometriosis in cases with previously unknown endometriosis (n = 7) took 28,57 months. Because of the exacerbated endometriosis the removal of the cervical stump was much more radically performed than the LASH - procedure. Radical procedures included e.g. bowel resections, salpingo-ovariolysis and parametrial resections. The intraoperative complications included serosa lesions of the ileum and lesions of the common iliac vein (each to 4,17 % ; n = 1). Conclusions: The present study calls attention to the possibility of cervical stump endometriosis after LASH - procedures. So far there are no reliable data in the literature regarding the incidence of occurrence of cervical stump endometriosis after LASH – procedures in cases with previously known or unknown endometriosis. Because of these presented data prospective studies seem to be useful to prevent the exacerbation of endometriosis and to give adequate recommendations regarding the surgical techniques, especially the LASH. These results support the recommendation to perform a total hysterectomy compared with the LASH at a endometriosis competence center in cases with known endometriosis, especially with rectovaginal endometriosis and adenomyosis

    The effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality

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    BACKGROUND: The pain, anxiety, and sleep disorders that burn patients experience due to burn dressing negatively affect their treatment process. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of reflexology massage and passive music therapy intervention before burn dressing on pain, anxiety level and sleep quality. METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled trial. The study sample consisted of 36 patients who were hospitalized in the Burn Center of a University Hospital. After obtaining written consent, patients were enrolled to study according to inclusion criteria and then, divided into Reflexology Massage (n = 12), Reflexology Massage with Passive Music Therapy (n = 12) and Control (n = 12) groups using simple random allocation. In the experimental groups, in addition to standard care, interventions were performed for consecutive three days. Interventions were done before dressing for 40 min in the patient\u27s room. The control group received only standard care during this time. Severity of pain in three groups was measured using Visual Analog Scale twice a day (before dressing change and 2 h after dressing change). Severity of state anxiety and sleep quality in three groups was measured using State Anxiety Scale and Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire once a day (before dressing change). Severity of trait anxiety in three groups was measured using Trait Anxiety Scale for two times (before and after study). The drugs used by the patients for 3 days were recorded in the Opioid and Analgesic Drug Form. Data were analyzed using Pearson Chi-square, Independent Samples T-test, One-Way ANOVA, Bonferroni, Paired Sample T-Test, Repeated Measures ANOVA tests were used. RESULTS: The results showed no significant difference in severity of pain, anxiety, and sleep quality (p \u3e 0,05) between the three groups on the first day. However, the mean pain scores showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the third (p \u3c 0,05) and fourth (p \u3c 0001) days after intervention. Anxiety scores also showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups on the fourth (p \u3c 0001) day. Sleep quality of the experimental groups was higher than the control group on the fourth day (p \u3c 00001). No significant difference using of opioid and analgesic drugs between the three groups (p \u3e 0,05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed reflexology massage and passive music therapy before burn dressing reduced pain and anxiety level, and increased sleep quality

    Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale in Patients with Burnso

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    Objective: To evaluation reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) in patients with burns. Methods: This is a methodologically study. Data were collected using POSAS, survey form and plexiglas. Patient Scar Assessment Scale (PSAS) was completed by patients (n=53) and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (OSAS) was completed by two observers separately. The test-retest was measured applying the scales in 25 patients after two weeks. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Content validity was determined using Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Barlett's test and structure validity was performed by explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); reliability was evaluated using internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Factor weights were in appropriate range according to EFA, 6 items single factor structure of the original scale was valid and had high consistency index according to CFA, ICC between the 7th item and the total points was proportional, inner consistency was highly reliable (PSAS alpha=0.992, OSAS alpha=0.993), consistency between the observers was high (alpha=0.952, r=0.909). It was determined OSAS scores increased as the burn degree increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: POSAS was determined to be a valid and reliable scale in patients with burns in the Turkish society

    Planning for Reactive Control

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    Biological treatability processes of textile wastewaters using electrocoagulation and ozonation

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    496-500This study presents biotreatment of textile wastewaters using electrocoagulation and ozone processes. Ozonation process gave better results than electrocoagulation process. For electrocoagulation, optimum working conditions were found as follows: pH, 6.5; electrode type, iron electrode; current density, 20 mA/cm2; and reaction time, 15 min. Under these circumstances, values determined for electrocoagulation and ozonation processes, respectively, were as follows: COD removal, 73, 46%; color removal, 85, 93%; BOD/COD ratio, 0.60, 0.69; and cost per unit of wastewater treatment, 1.7, 1.3 $

    A comparative study of the yellow dent and purple flint maize kernel components by Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics

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    In this investigation the potential of micro-Raman spectroscopy, coupled to a simple, standard chemometric method (principal component analysis, PCA), as a fast, cheap, field method to investigate maize kernel components (endosperm, germ and peel) is demonstrated. Particular emphasis was given to the determination of the relative protein and amylose/amylopectin contents in maize endosperm of yellow dent and purple flint corn species, the two major maize varieties produced in Turkey. It is shown that the studied yellow dent corn type has a comparatively larger content of protein (3.4%) and a higher amylopectin/amylose ratio in the endosperm than the studied purple flint variety (a 11% decrease of amylopectin was found in going from the studied yellow dent to the purple flint corn), while the germs of the two species differ mostly by the presence of a slightly larger amount of starch in the case of the yellow dent corn, the oil composition of both species being identical within the resolution of the used method of analysis. The spectra of the maize peels reveal essentially the presence of cellulose and lignin in similar amounts in the two types of corn. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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