4 research outputs found

    Applications of inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) rDNA in detecting genetic variations in Lymnaea natalensis snails from certain Egyptian Governorates

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    Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)-PCR technique was used to assess genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships between Lymnaea natalensis collected from Giza, Ismailia, Damietta, and Beheira governorates in Egypt and compared with lab-bred snail in addition to characterization of watercourses from these sites. Five ISSR primers generated 47 amplified bands, of which 63.63% showed high polymorphism. All tested primers detected the common band (approximately 455 bp) in all L. natalensis studied. Three bands (318, 782 and 2013 bp for primers HB8, HB12 and HB13, respectively) are characteristic for L. natalensis collected from Ismailia, El Behira and Damietta governorates, respectively. These markers were used to estimate genetic similarity among the varieties using Jaccard’s similarity coefficient. The similarity matrix was used to construct a dendrogram. The most abundant snails Physa acuta (56.0%) and the lowest abundant snails Planorbis planorbis, and Melanoides tuberculata (0.5) were found associated with L. natalensis in many governorates. Eichhornia crassipes is the only aquatic plant which grows and is found associated with L. natalensis in all canals of governorates. Also, dragon fly is the only macroinvertebrate collected from all canals, then shrimps and true bugs. Heavy metals were detected in water samples of all tested governorates with different significant differences. In conclusion, the present study used for the first time the ISSR PCR technique for studying genetic variations of L. natalensis snails in Egypt. L. natalensis snails can survive when associated with other snails, plants, and insects and can tolerate the heavy metals in water.Keywords: Lymnaea natalensis, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR)-PCR, dendrogram, heavy metals, macroinvertebrates.    

    Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study

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    Objectives Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis. Setting Prospective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study. Participants Patients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative). Primary outcome 30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality. Results This study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787). Conclusions Patients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups. Trial registration number NCT0432364
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