Charge noise at Cooper-pair resonances

We analyze the charge dynamics of a superconducting single-electron transistor (SSET) in the regime where charge transport occurs via Cooper-pair resonances. Using an approximate description of the system Hamiltonian, in terms of a series of resonant doublets, we derive a Born-Markov master equation describing the dynamics of the SSET. The average current displays sharp peaks at the Cooper-pair resonances and we find that the charge noise spectrum has a characteristic structure which consists of a series of asymmetric triplets of peaks. The strongest feature in the charge noise spectrum is the triplet of peaks centered at zero frequency which has a peak spacing equal to the level separation within the doublets and is similar to the triplet in the spectrum of a driven, damped, two-level system. We also explore the back-action that the SSET charge noise would have on an oscillator coupled to the island charge, measurement of which provides a way of probing the charge noise spectrum.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure

The doctrine of justification in Luther and the council of Trent

The debate between Luther and the Council of Trent arose in part out of the theologies of Late Scholasticism. The antipelagian interpretation of the doctrine, unchallenged in the West from the time of St. Augustine was vitiated by the nominalist experiment by William of Ockham and his more moderate successors, Biel, Gerson and Geiler. Their emphasis on the importance and freedom of man could also he found in humanism and in mysticism. The augustinian school was still important and Staupitz stressed the covenantal status of the Christ event. Luther's own, interpretation of the doctrine went even further than St. Augustine in emphasising the divine role. The whole man without Christ is a sinner; the whole man with Christ is totally righteous, through the righteousness of God imputed to him by God through faith. Only such a justified man is able to perform good works. The Council of Trent, not uninfluenced by nominalism, replied by giving an important role to man in his justification, even admitting the possibility of a de congruo claim on justification through good works. The council still left a major place for God. The insights of modern theology and psychology provide us with material for a critique. Luther was surely right in his analysis of the role of faith and the relationship with God that it presupposes. Nonetheless both parties failed fully to appreciate the communal and eschatologlcal dimensions to the doctrine

Excitonic spectral features in strongly-coupled organic polaritons

Starting from a microscopic model, we investigate the optical spectra of molecules in strongly-coupled organic microcavities examining how they might self-consistently adapt their coupling to light. We consider both rotational and vibrational degrees of freedom, focusing on features which can be seen in the peak in the center of the spectrum at the bare excitonic frequency. In both cases we find that the matter-light coupling can lead to a self-consistent change of the molecular states, with consequent temperature-dependent signatures in the absorption spectrum. However, for typical parameters, these effects are much too weak to explain recent measurements. We show that another mechanism which naturally arises from our model of vibrationally dressed polaritons has the right magnitude and temperature dependence to be at the origin of the observed data.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figur

Castells, 'Murdochization', Economic Counterpower and Livestreaming

In his Information Age trilogy, Manuel Castells documents the transformation of economic power by means of network affordances. In more recent work, he has built an account of the linking of economic power with cultural and political power through ‘Murdochization’ or ‘the networking of networks’. Whilst Castells’ account of power has thus developed to acknowledge the integration of economic, cultural and political interests within networks, his account of ‘counterpower’ remains largely focused on cultural and political resistance in the form of protest. Here we explore a case of economic counterpower, the unauthorized livestreaming of digital sports broadcasts. Analysis of this particular case (of counterpower) is particularly significant, given the centrality of Murdochization in Castells’ account of power in the network society. Emerging out of, alongside, and in response to the growth of, Murdochized digital media sports networks, we explore the scope and limits of livestreaming as a form of economic counterpower and counter-Murdochization. In this article, we document Castells’ theory of network power, the centrality of Murdochization to that account, and the centrality of monopoly control over digital sports broadcasting to Murdochized media empires. The scope and resilience of alternative streaming media in switching live sports programming from pay to view to free sharing is then examined. The failure to date of all attempts to prohibit free streams shows the ongoing viability of such economic counterpower. However, whilst dominant actors cannot eliminate economic counterpower, where dominant actors choose not to broadcast, no switching of content can take place

Filling the Void: A Low Cost, High-Yield Method to Addressing Incidental Findings in Trauma Patients

In this study we: Report the incidence of incidental findings in a suburban trauma center treating primarily blunt and elderly trauma Propose simple solutions to increase the rate of disclosure to patientshttps://jdc.jefferson.edu/patientsafetyposters/1070/thumbnail.jp

Enhanced shot noise in resonant tunnelling via interacting localised states

In a variety of mesoscopic systems shot noise is seen to be suppressed in comparison with its Poisson value. In this work we observe a considerable enhancement of shot noise in the case of resonant tunnelling via localised states. We present a model of correlated transport through two localised states which provides both a qualitative and quantitative description of this effect.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Universal Behavior of the Resistance Noise across the Metal-Insulator Transition in Silicon Inversion Layers

Studies of low-frequency resistance noise show that the glassy freezing of the two-dimensional (2D) electron system in the vicinity of the metal-insulator transition occurs in all Si inversion layers. The size of the metallic glass phase, which separates the 2D metal and the (glassy) insulator, depends strongly on disorder, becoming extremely small in high-mobility samples. The behavior of the second spectrum, an important fourth-order noise statistic, indicates the presence of long-range correlations between fluctuators in the glassy phase, consistent with the hierarchical picture of glassy dynamics.Comment: revtex4; 4+ pages, 5 figure

A drug-incorporated-microparticle-eggshell-membrane-scaffold (DIMES) dressing: a novel biomaterial for localised wound regeneration

Chronic wounds affect millions of people annually and have emotional and financial Implications in addition to health issues. The current treatment for chronic wounds involves the repeated use of bandages and drugs such as antibiotics over an extended period. A cost-effective and convenient solution for wound healing is the development of drug-incorporated bandages. This study aimed to develop a biocompatible bandage made of drug-incorporated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) and eggshell membrane (ESM) for cornea wound healing. ESM has desirable properties for wound healing and can be isolated from eggshells using acetic acid or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) protocols. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled Bovine Serum Albumin (FITC-BSA) was used as a model drug, and the PLGA MPs were fabricated using a solvent extraction method. The MPs were successfully attached to the fibrous layer of the ESM using NaOH. The surface features of the ESM samples containing MPs were studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and compared with blank ESM images. The findings indicated that the MPs were attached to the ESM fibres and had similar shapes and sizes as the control MPs. The fibre diameters of the MPs samples were assessed using Fiji-ImageJ software, and no significant changes were observed compared to the blank ESM. The surface roughness, Ra values, of the MPs incorporated ESM samples were evaluated and compared to the blank ESM, and no significant changes were found. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyse the chemical Composition of the bandage, and the spectra showed that the FBM were effectively incorporated into the ESM. The FTIR spectra identified the major peaks of the natural ESM and the PLGA polymer in the bandage. The bandage was transparent but had a reduced visibility in the waterproof test card method. The bandage achieved sustained drug release up to 10 days and was found to be biocompatible and non-toxic in a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Overall, the drug-incorporated PLGA MPs-ESM bandage has great potential for treating chronic wounds