A new method of evaluating the side wall interference effect on airfoil angle of attack by suction from the side walls

A quantitative evaluation method of the suction effect from a suction plate on side walls is explained. It is found from wind tunnel tests that the wall interference is basically described by the summation form of wall interferences in the case of two dimensional flow and the interference of side walls

Single-molecule studies of conformational states and dynamics in the ABC importer OpuA

The current model of active transport via ABC importers is mostly based on structural, biochemical and genetic data. We here establish single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) assays to monitor the conformational states and heterogeneity of the osmoregulatory type I ABC importer OpuA from Lactococcus~lactis. We present data probing both intradomain distances that elucidate conformational changes within the substrate-binding domain (SBD) OpuAC, and interdomain distances between SBDs or transmembrane domains. Using this methodology, we studied ligand-binding mechanisms, as well as ATP and glycine betaine dependences of conformational changes. Our work expands the scope of smFRET investigations towards a class of so far unstudied ABC importers, and paves the way for a full understanding of their transport cycle in the future

Plasma exosomes from children with juvenile dermatomyositis are taken up by human aortic endothelial cells and are associated with altered gene expression in those cells

BACKGROUND: The pathology of juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is characterized by prominent vessel wall and perivascular inflammation. This feature of the disease has remained unexplained and under-investigated. We have hypothesized that plasma exosomes, which play an important role in inter-cellular communication, may play a role in the vascular injury associated with JDM. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the circulating exosomes of children with JDM and determine whether the small RNA cargoes within those exosomes are capable of altering transcriptional programs within endothelial cells. DESIGN/METHODS: We purified exosomes from plasma samples of children with active, untreated JDM (n = 6) and healthy controls (n = 9). We characterized the small RNA cargoes in JDM and control exosomes by RNA sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. We then incubated isolated exosomes from healthy controls and children with JDM with cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) for 24 h. Fluorescence microscopy was used to confirm that both control and JDM exosomes were taken up by HAEC. RNA was then purified from HAEC that had been incubated with either control or JDM exosomes and sequenced on the Illumina platform. Differential expression of mRNAs from HAEC incubated with control or JDM exosomes was ascertained using standard computational methods. Finally, we assessed the degree to which differential gene expression in HAEC could be attributed to the different small RNA cargoes in JDM vs control exosomes using conventional and novel analytic methods. RESULTS: We identified 10 small RNA molecules that showed differential abundance when we compared JDM and healthy control exosomes. Fluorescence microscopy of labeled exosomes confirmed that both JDM and control exosomes were taken up by HAEC. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 59 genes that showed differential expression between HAEC incubated with JDM exosomes vs HAEC incubated with exosomes from controls. Statistical analysis of gene expression data demonstrated that multiple miRNAs exerted transcriptional control on multiple genes with HAEC. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma exosomes from children with active, untreated JDM are taken up by HAEC and are associated with alterations in gene expression in those cells. These findings provide new insight into potential mechanisms leading to the targeting of vascular tissue by the immune system in JDM

Industrial Resources - Fulton County - Fulton

Resources for Economic Development: Fulton County, Kentucky” prepared by the Kentucky Department of Economic Development, Division of Research, and the Fulton County Economic Development Partnership, 1995. The report includes, but is not limited to, information about: population, labor market, local manufacturing, transportation, utilities, fuel, water, sewage, industrial sites, local government and services, taxes, educational and health facilities, housing, communication, recreation, natural resources, markets, and climate

Gate fidelity of arbitrary single-qubit gates constrained by conservation laws

Recent investigations show that conservation laws limit the accuracy of gate operations in quantum computing. The inevitable error under the angular momentum conservation law has been evaluated so far for the CNOT, Hadamard, and NOT gates for spin 1/2 qubits, while the SWAP gate has no constraint. Here, we extend the above results to general single-qubit gates. We obtain an upper bound of the gate fidelity of arbitrary single-qubit gates implemented under arbitrary conservation laws, determined by the geometry of the conservation law and the gate operation on the Bloch sphere as well as the size of the ancilla.Comment: Title changed; to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.; 19 pages, 2 figure

Regeneração de Passiflora suberosa em suspensão celular.

O gênero Passiflora é o maior e o mais importante da família Passifloraceae por abrigar as principais espécies exploradas comercialmente no mundo. Muitas espécies são cultivadas para a produção de sucos, consumo in natura, extração de substâncias de interesse farmacológico e fins ornamentais, mas a presença de patógenos de solo que vêm dizimando os cultivos. Uma alternativa é a hibridação interespecífica, ou seja, cruzamentos convencionais, de seleção ou cultivares comerciais, com as espécies silvestres na produção de porta-enxertos resistentes, porém esses híbridos sexuais quando obtidos têm apresentado baixa fertilidade. Desta forma, uma alternativa viável é a produção de porta-enxertos tetraplóides com genes de resistência aos patógenos pela técnica da hibridação somática. Contudo, para isto são necessários protocolos eficientes de regeneração das espécies parentais diplóides a patir de células individuais. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi estabelecer um protocolo de regeneração de plantas a partir de células em suspensão da espécie de P. suberosa. Para tanto, calos MR13 BIO oriundos da Embrapa de Mandioca e Fruticultura Tropical de Cruz das Almas/BA foram submetidos ao meio de cultura MS (Murashige e Skoog) suplementado com os reguladores de crescimento BAP 1,0 mg/L ou 2,0 mg/L; KIN 1,0 mg/L ou 2,0 mg/L para a obtenção de calos friáveis no Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais da unidade experimental Horto Florestal da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana/BA. O melhor resultado, BAP 2,0 mg/L, foi submetido aos testes contendo balanço de fitorreguladores: MS + BAP 2,0 mg/L + ANA 0,5 mg/L + Kin 1,0 mg/L ou MS + AIA 2,5 mg/L + ANA 0,5 mg/L +Kin 1,0 mg/L, suplementado com agar 6% e, ao teste de culturas de células em suspensão, na ausência de luz, em meio MS na metade da concentração dos sais, suplementados pelos compostos orgânicos (extrato de malte ou extrato de levedura) e mantidos sob 140 rpm de agitação contínua num volume final de 100 mL em frascos erlenmeyers de 250 mL de capacidade. As células colocadas em suspensão no meio líquido suplementado com extrato de malte foram capazes de regenerar de plantas inteiras de P. suberosa, a partir de células diplóides, num prazo de 60 dias na ausência de luz.Disponível em: Acesso em: 02 mar. 201

Orthorhombic Phase of Crystalline Polyethylene: A Constant Pressure Path Integral Monte Carlo Study

In this paper we present a Path Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulation of the orthorhombic phase of crystalline polyethylene, using an explicit atom force field with unconstrained bond lengths and angles. This work represents a quantum extension of our recent classical simulation (J. Chem. Phys. 106, 8918 (1997)). It is aimed both at exploring the applicability of the PIMC method on such polymer crystal systems, as well as on a detailed assessment of the importance of quantum effects on different quantities. We used the $NpT$ ensemble and simulated the system at zero pressure in the temperature range 25 - 300 K, using Trotter numbers between 12 and 144. In order to investigate finite-size effects, we used chains of two different lengths, C_12 and C_24, corresponding to the total number of atoms in the super-cell being 432 and 864, respectively. We show here the results for structural parameters, like the orthorhombic lattice constants a,b,c, and also fluctuations of internal parameters of the chains, such as bond lengths and bond and torsional angles. We have also determined the internal energy and diagonal elastic constants c_11, c_22 and c_33. We discuss the temperature dependence of the measured quantities and compare to that obtained from the classical simulation. For some quantities, we discuss the way they are related to the torsional angle fluctuation. In case of the lattice parameters we compare our results to those obtained from other theoretical approaches as well as to some available experimental data. In order to study isotope effects, we simulated also a deuterated polyethylene crystal at a low temperature. We also suggest possible ways of extending this study and present some general considerations concerning modeling of polymer crystals.Comment: 18 pages, RevTex, 18 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev.

In Vitro Propagation of \u3ci\u3ePennisetum purpureum\u3c/i\u3e Schum.

A protocol is described for rapid multiplication of elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) through shoot tip culture. The plant growth medium consisted of basal medium of Murashige and Skoog (MS) and vitamins Wood Plant Medium (WPM). The medium was supplemented with 0.00; 4.44; 8.88; 13.32 and 17.76 μM of benzylaminopurine (BAP). The elephantgrass was micropropagated by axillary shoot proliferations. Maximum propagule proliferation occurred on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with 4.4 μM benzylaminopurine (BAP), resulting an average of 4.0 shoots per explant from cultivar Mineiro and 2.19 from cultivar Pioneiro. The best height and root plantlets were obtained with medium without growth regulator after 28 days

Seleção molecular assistida para identificação de alelo para cor rósea na cultivar Brisa IPA 12.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi aplicar os marcadores moleculares ANS para genotipar 270 plantas da Brisa IPA 12 que segregavam para bulbos de cor rósea, que podem ficar ?escondidos? nas plantas heterozigotas, de forma a eliminar essa condição que dificulta a aceitação comercial dessa cultivar de cebola. DNA total foi extraído conforme protocolo CTAB 2x, de amostras foliares de plantas coletadas aos 30 dias após a semeadura dos bulbos vernalizados e pré-selecionados para a cor amarelaSuplemento. Edição dos Anais do 53 Congresso Brasileiro de Olericultura, jul. 2014