Energy Flow in the Hadronic Final State of Diffractive and Non-Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA

An investigation of the hadronic final state in diffractive and non--diffractive deep--inelastic electron--proton scattering at HERA is presented, where diffractive data are selected experimentally by demanding a large gap in pseudo --rapidity around the proton remnant direction. The transverse energy flow in the hadronic final state is evaluated using a set of estimators which quantify topological properties. Using available Monte Carlo QCD calculations, it is demonstrated that the final state in diffractive DIS exhibits the features expected if the interaction is interpreted as the scattering of an electron off a current quark with associated effects of perturbative QCD. A model in which deep--inelastic diffraction is taken to be the exchange of a pomeron with partonic structure is found to reproduce the measurements well. Models for deep--inelastic $ep$ scattering, in which a sizeable diffractive contribution is present because of non--perturbative effects in the production of the hadronic final state, reproduce the general tendencies of the data but in all give a worse description.Comment: 22 pages, latex, 6 Figures appended as uuencoded fil

A Search for Selectrons and Squarks at HERA

Data from electron-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 300 GeV are used for a search for selectrons and squarks within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model. The decays of selectrons and squarks into the lightest supersymmetric particle lead to final states with an electron and hadrons accompanied by large missing energy and transverse momentum. No signal is found and new bounds on the existence of these particles are derived. At 95% confidence level the excluded region extends to 65 GeV for selectron and squark masses, and to 40 GeV for the mass of the lightest supersymmetric particle.Comment: 13 pages, latex, 6 Figure

A Measurement of the Proton Structure Function F ⁣2(x,Q2)F_{\!2}(x,Q^2)

A measurement of the proton structure function $F_{\!2}(x,Q^2)$ is reported for momentum transfer squared $Q^2$ between 4.5 $GeV^2$ and 1600 $GeV^2$ and for Bjorken $x$ between $1.8\cdot10^{-4}$ and 0.13 using data collected by the HERA experiment H1 in 1993. It is observed that $F_{\!2}$ increases significantly with decreasing $x$, confirming our previous measurement made with one tenth of the data available in this analysis. The $Q^2$ dependence is approximately logarithmic over the full kinematic range covered. The subsample of deep inelastic events with a large pseudo-rapidity gap in the hadronic energy flow close to the proton remnant is used to measure the "diffractive" contribution to $F_{\!2}$.Comment: 32 pages, ps, appended as compressed, uuencoded fil

Separation von Minimum- und Higher-Twist in der Photoproduktion von Mesonen mit grossen Transversalimpulsen

SIGLETIB: RN 4852(90-47) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

International external validation study of the 2014 European society of cardiology guidelines on sudden cardiac death prevention in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (EVIDENCE-HCM)

textabstractBACKGROUND: Identification of people with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) who are at risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and require a prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator is challenging. In 2014, the European Society of Cardiology proposed a new risk stratification method based on a risk prediction model (HCM Risk-SCD) that estimates the 5-year risk of SCD. The aim was to externally validate the 2014 European Society of Cardiology recommendations in a geographically diverse cohort of patients recruited from the United States, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. METHODS: This was an observational, retrospective, longitudinal cohort study. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 3703 patients. Seventy three (2%) patients reached the SCD end point within 5 years of follow-up (5-year incidence, 2.4% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.9-3.0]). The validation study revealed a calibration slope of 1.02 (95% CI, 0.93-1.12), C-index of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.68-0.72), and D-statistic of 1.17 (95% CI, 1.05-1.29). In a complete case analysis (n= 2147; 44 SCD end points at 5 years), patients with a predicted 5-year risk of <4% (n=1524; 71%) had an observed 5-year SCD incidence of 1.4% (95% CI, 0.8-2.2); patients with a predicted risk of ≥6% (n=297; 14%) had an observed SCD incidence of 8.9% (95% CI, 5.96-13.1) at 5 years. For every 13 (297/23) implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantations in patients with an estimated 5-year SCD risk ≥6%, 1 patient can potentially be saved from SCD. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that the HCM Risk-SCD model provides accurate prognostic information that can be used to target implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in patients at the highest risk of SCD

The Brain-Dead Organ Donor

Addressing all aspects of brain death and thoroughly detailing how a potential organ donor should be maintained to ensure maximum use of the organs and cells, The Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Pathophysiology and Management is a landmark addition to the literature. This first-of-its-kind, multidisciplinary volume will be of interest to a large section of the medical community. The first section of the book reviews the historical, medical, legal, and ethical aspects of brain death. That is followed by two chapters on the pathophysiology of brain death as investigated in small and large animal models. This includes a review of the many hormonal changes, including the neuroendocrine- adrenergic ‘storm’, that takes place during and following the induction of brain death, and how they impact metabolism. The next section of the book reviews various effects of brain death, namely its impact on thyroid function, the inflammatory response that develops, and those relating to innate immunity. The chapters relating to assessment and management of potential organ donors will be of interest to a very large group of transplant surgeons and physicians as well as critical care and neurocritical care physicians and nurses. Neurologists, endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, and pathologists will also be interested, especially in the more basic science sections on various aspects of brain-death and hormonal therapy. Organ procurement organizations and transplant coordinators worldwide will also be interested in this title. Other chapters will be of interest to medical historians, medico-legal experts, and ethicists.CONTENIDO: Introduction, Dimitri Novitzky, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 1-6 -- Historical Aspects of the Diagnosis of Death, Félix Bacigalupo, Daniela A. Huerta Fernández, Pages 7-11 -- The Determination of Brain Death, Curtis M. Keller, Boris Chulpayev, Michael Hoffmann, Pages 13-19 -- Legal Aspects of Brain Death and Organ Donorship, Ricky T. Munoz, Mark D. Fox, Pages 21-35 -- Ethical Issues in Organ Donation from Brain-Dead Donors, Mark D. Fox, Ricky T. Munoz, Pages 37-53 -- Pathophysiology of Brain Death in Small Animal Models, Bernhard Floerchinger, Nicholas L. Tilney, Stefan G. Tullius, Pages 55-64 -- Pathophysiology of Brain Death and Effects of Hormonal Therapy in Large Animal Models, Dimitri Novitzky, Winston N. Wicomb, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 65-90 -- The Efficacy of Thyroid Hormone Therapy in Brain-Dead Heart Donors: A Review of Thyroid Function in Health and Disease, Lawrence E. Shapiro, Tatiana Baron, Pages 91-105 -- The Inflammatory Response to Brain Death, Anne Barklin, Christine Lodberg Hvas, Else Toennesen, Pages 107-119 -- The Influence of Brain Death and Intensive Care Management on Donor Organs: Assessment of Inflammatory Markers, Wayel Jassem, Susan V. Fuggle, Pages 121-129 -- Brain Death-Induced Inflammation: Possible Role of the Cholinergic Anti-inflammatory Pathway, Simone Hoeger, Benito A. Yard, Pages 131-138 -- Innate Immunity and Injury During Brain Death: Opportunities for Intervention, Marc A. Seelen, Henri G. D. Leuvenink, Rutger J. Ploeg, Pages 139-145 -- Selection of the Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donor, Kadiyala V. Ravindra, Keri E. Lunsford, Paul C. Kuo, Pages 147-154 -- Infectious Disease Aspects of the Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donor, Nicole M. Theodoropoulos, Michael G. Ison, Pages 155-176 -- Malignancy in the Brain-Dead Organ Donor, Michael A. Nalesnik, Ron Shapiro, Michael G. Ison, Pages 177-189 -- Early Clinical Experience of Hormonal Therapy in the Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donor, Dimitri Novitzky, Burcin Ekser, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 191-207 -- Assessment, Monitoring, and Management of Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donors in the USA, Demetrios Demetriades, Lydia Lam, Pages 209-216 -- Assessment, Monitoring, and Management of Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donors in Europe, Gabriel J. Echeverri, Bruno G. Gridelli, Pages 217-235 -- Assessment, Monitoring, and Management of Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donors in Australia, Peter S. Macdonald, Anders E. M. Aneman, Deepak Bhonagiri, Daryl A. Jones, Gerry O’Callaghan, Helen I. Opdam et al., Pages 237-249 -- Management of the Brain-Dead Organ Donor: Perspectives of the Transplant Coordinator, Nicole T. Farina, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 251-261 -- Surgical Aspects of Thoracic and Abdominal Organ Procurement from Brain-Dead Donors, Michael J. Anstadt, Paul C. Kuo, Kadiyala V. Ravindra, Pages 263-281 -- Impact of Brain Death on Storage of the Heart, Winston N. Wicomb, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 283-288 -- Impact of Brain Death on Abdominal Organs and Allograft Preservation Strategies, Coney Bae, Anthony Watkins, Scot D. Henry, James V. Guarrera, Pages 289-298 -- Functional Repair of Brain Death-Induced Injury, Henri G. D. Leuvenink, Marc A. Seelen, Rutger J. Ploeg, Pages 299-310 -- Functional Repair of Brain Death-Injured Donor Lungs, Jonathan C. Yeung, Marcelo Cypel, Shaf Keshavjee, Pages 311-320 -- Thyroid Hormone Therapy to the Recipient of a Heart from a Brain-Dead Donor, Dimitri Novitzky, David K. C. Cooper, Pages 321-331 -- Current and Potential Future Trends in the Management of the Brain-Dead Organ Donor, Octavio E. Pajaro, James K. Kirklin, Pages 333-341 -- Maximizing Utilization of the Potential Deceased Donor: The Challenge Continues,Eliezer Katz,Pages 343-35

Elastic electroproduction of rho0 and J / psi mesons at large q**2 at HERA

The total cross sections for the elastic electroproduction of \rh0 and $J/\Psi$ mesons for $Q^2$ $>$ 8 GeV$^2$ and $\simeq 90$ GeV/c$^2$ are measured at HERA with the H1 detector. The measurements are for an integrated electron$-$proton luminosity of $\simeq$~3~pb$^{-1}$. The dependences of the total virtual photon$-$proton ($\gamma^* p$) cross sections on $Q^2$, $W$ and the momentum transfer squared to the proton ($t$), and, for the $\rho$, the dependence on the polar decay angle ($\cos \theta^*$), are presented. The $J/\Psi$ : \rh0 cross section ratio is determined. The results are discussed in the light of theoretical models and of the interplay of hard and soft physics processes.Comment: 29 pages, latex, 7 Figures appended as uuencoded fil

First measurement of the charged current cross-section at HERA

The cross section of the charged current process e − p → v e + hadrons is measured at HERA for transverse momenta of the hadron system larger than 25 GeV. The size of the cross section exhibits the W propagator