Configurações de história e memória em "Was bleibt" e "Leibhaftig"

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the configurations of history and memory in some works of Christa Wolf, relating these with the historical period that culminated with the downfall of the Berliner Wall in 1989 and with the end of the socialist regime in the former German Democratic Republic. Taking into account Aleida Assmanns studies on culture of memories, we intend to verify aspects related to the limits and functions of memory in some works of Christa Wolf, among them "Was bleibt" and "Leibhaftig".O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as configurações de história e memória em obras de Christa Wolf, relacionando-as com o período histórico que culminou com a queda do Muro de Berlim em 1989 e consequentemente com o fim do regime socialista na República Democrática Alemã (RDA). Levando em consideração os estudos sobre cultura da memória realizados por Aleida Assmann, pretende-se verificar aspectos concernentes aos limites e funções da memória em algumas obras de Christa Wolf, entre as quais "Was bleibt" e "Leibhaftig"

History and Memory Configurations in Was bleibt and Leibhaftig

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the configurations of history and memory in some works of Christa Wolf, relating these with the historical period that culminated with the downfall of the Berliner Wall in 1989 and with the end of the socialist regime in the former German Democratic Republic. Taking into account Aleida Assmanns studies on culture of memories, we intend to verify aspects related to the limits and functions of memory in some works of Christa Wolf, among them Was bleibt and Leibhaftig.O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as configurações de história e memória em obras de Christa Wolf, relacionando-as com o período histórico que culminou com a queda do Muro de Berlim em 1989 e consequentemente com o fim do regime socialista na República Democrática Alemã (RDA). Levando em consideração os estudos sobre cultura da memória realizados por Aleida Assmann, pretende-se verificar aspectos concernentes aos limites e funções da memória em algumas obras de Christa Wolf, entre as quais Was bleibt e Leibhaftig

Da perseguição nazista ao exílio brasileiro: o ideal humanista de Stefan Zweig

The persecution imposed on him by the Nazi dictatorship led Stefan Zweig into exile, initially in other countries, then in Brazil. With his eyes focused on events in Europe, the author publishes Brasilien – Ein Land der Zukunft, in which he points to Brazil as a model opposed to the national-socialist ideology existing in Germany, which led to self-destruction.A perseguição que lhe foi imposta pela ditadura nazista levou Stefan Zweig ao exílio, inicialmente em outros países, depois no Brasil. Com os olhos voltados aos acontecimentos na Europa, o autor publica Brasilien – Ein Land der Zukunft em que aponta o Brasil como um modelo oposto à ideologia nacional-socialista existente na Alemanha, que a levava à autodestruição

Ferromagnetic coupling of mononuclear Fe centers in a self-assembled metal-organic network on Au(111)

The magnetic state and magnetic coupling of individual atoms in nanoscale structures relies on a delicate balance between different interactions with the atomic-scale surrounding. Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we resolve the self-assembled formation of highly ordered bilayer structures of Fe atoms and organic linker molecules (T4PT) when deposited on a Au(111) surface. The Fe atoms are encaged in a three-dimensional coordination motif by three T4PT molecules in the surface plane and an additional T4PT unit on top. Within this crystal field, the Fe atoms retain a magnetic ground state with easy-axis anisotropy, as evidenced by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The magnetization curves reveal the existence of ferromagnetic coupling between the Fe centers

Observation of individual molecules trapped on a nanostructured insulator

For the first time, ordered polar molecules confined in monolayer-deep rectangular pits produced on an alkali halide surface by electron irradiation have been resolved at room temperature by non-contact atomic force microscopy. Molecules self-assemble in a specific fashion inside pits of width smaller than 15 nm. By contrast no ordered aggregates of molecules are observed on flat terraces. Conclusions regarding nucleation and ordering mechanisms are drawn. Trapping in pits as small as 2 nm opens a route to address single molecules

Determining the required cleanliness level using synthetic test contamination

As electrification in the automotive industry progresses, the demand is rising for test particles with specific properties. More and more new applications are also being developed, such as processes for validating cleaning steps, contamination tracking or determining cleanliness limits. This article describes how test particles can be reproducibly manufactured in all three dimensions by micro milling. In addition, it explains how the dimensional accuracy of these free-form surfaces can be analyzed with computer tomography

Shifting a Quantum Wire through a Disordered Crystal: Observation of Conductance Fluctuations in Real Space

A quantum wire is spatially displaced by suitable electric fields with respect to the scatterers inside a semiconductor crystal. As a function of the wire position, the low-temperature resistance shows reproducible fluctuations. Their characteristic temperature scale is a few hundred millikelvin, indicating a phase-coherent effect. Each fluctuation corresponds to a single scatterer entering or leaving the wire. This way, scattering centers can be counted one by one.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Profile scaling in decay of nanostructures

The flattening of a crystal cone below its roughening transition is studied by means of a step flow model. Numerical and analytical analyses show that the height profile, h(r,t), obeys the scaling scenario dh/dr = F(r t^{-1/4}). The scaling function is flat at radii r<R(t) \sim t^{1/4}. We find a one parameter family of solutions for the scaling function, and propose a selection criterion for the unique solution the system reaches.Comment: 4 pages, RevTex, 3 eps figure

Anomalous Conductance Distribution in Quasi-One Dimension: Possible Violation of One-Parameter Scaling Hypothesis

We report measurements of conductance distribution in a set of quasi-one-dimensional gold wires. The distribution includes the second cumulant or the variance which describes the universal conductance fluctuations, and the third cumulant which denotes the leading deviation. We have observed an asymmetric contribution--or, a nonvanishing third cumulant--contrary to the expectation for quasi-one-dimensional systems in the noninteracting theories in the one-parameter scaling framework, which include the perturbative diagrammatic calculations and the random matrix theory.Comment: 5 PAGE

The profile of a decaying crystalline cone

The decay of a crystalline cone below the roughening transition is studied. We consider local mass transport through surface diffusion, focusing on the two cases of diffusion limited and attachment-detachment limited step kinetics. In both cases, we describe the decay kinetics in terms of step flow models. Numerical simulations of the models indicate that in the attachment-detachment limited case the system undergoes a step bunching instability if the repulsive interactions between steps are weak. Such an instability does not occur in the diffusion limited case. In stable cases the height profile, h(r,t), is flat at radii r<R(t)\sim t^{1/4}. Outside this flat region the height profile obeys the scaling scenario \partial h/\partial r = {\cal F}(r t^{-1/4}). A scaling ansatz for the time-dependent profile of the cone yields analytical values for the scaling exponents and a differential equation for the scaling function. In the long time limit this equation provides an exact description of the discrete step dynamics. It admits a family of solutions and the mechanism responsible for the selection of a unique scaling function is discussed in detail. Finally we generalize the model and consider permeable steps by allowing direct adatom hops between neighboring terraces. We argue that step permeability does not change the scaling behavior of the system, and its only effect is a renormalization of some of the parameters.Comment: 25 pages, 18 postscript figure