2,005 research outputs found
Progress in Turbulence Detection via GNSS Occultation Data
The increased availability of radio occultation (RO) data offers the ability to detect and study turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere. An analysis of how RO data can be used to determine the strength and location of turbulent regions is presented. This includes the derivation of a model for the power spectrum of the log-amplitude and phase fluctuations of the permittivity (or index of refraction) field. The bulk of the paper is then concerned with the estimation of the model parameters. Parameter estimators are introduced and some of their statistical properties are studied. These estimators are then applied to simulated log-amplitude RO signals. This includes the analysis of global statistics derived from a large number of realizations, as well as case studies that illustrate various specific aspects of the problem. Improvements to the basic estimation methods are discussed, and their beneficial properties are illustrated. The estimation techniques are then applied to real occultation data. Only two cases are presented, but they illustrate some of the salient features inherent in real data
Magnetospheric Multiscale Satellites Observations Of Parallel Electric Fields Associated With Magnetic Reconnection
We report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale satellites of parallel electric fields (E (sub parallel)) associated with magnetic reconnection in the subsolar region of the Earth\u27s magnetopause. E (sub parallel) events near the electron diffusion region have amplitudes on the order of 100 millivolts per meter, which are significantly larger than those predicted for an antiparallel reconnection electric field. This Letter addresses specific types of E (sub parallel) events, which appear as large-amplitude, near unipolar spikes that are associated with tangled, reconnected magnetic fields. These E (sub parallel) events are primarily in or near a current layer near the separatrix and are interpreted to be double layers that may be responsible for secondary reconnection in tangled magnetic fields or flux ropes. These results are telling of the three-dimensional nature of magnetopause reconnection and indicate that magnetopause reconnection may be often patchy and/or drive turbulence along the separatrix that results in flux ropes and/or tangled magnetic fields
Recent Trends and Results for Organ Donation and Transplantation in the United States, 2005
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72853/1/j.1600-6143.2006.01268.x.pd
Mass fluxes and isofluxes of methane (CH4) at a New Hampshire fen measured by a continuous wave quantum cascade laser spectrometer
We have developed a midâinfrared continuousâwave quantum cascade laser directâabsorption spectrometer (QCLS) capable of high frequency (â„1 Hz) measurements of 12CH4 and 13CH4 isotopologues of methane (CH4) with in situ 1âs RMS image precision of 1.5 â° and Allanâminimum precision of 0.2 â°. We deployed this QCLS in a wellâstudied New Hampshire fen to compare measurements of CH4 isoflux by eddy covariance (EC) to Keeling regressions of data from automated flux chamber sampling. Mean CH4 fluxes of 6.5 ± 0.7 mg CH4 mâ2 hrâ1 over two days of EC sampling in July, 2009 were indistinguishable from mean autochamber CH4 fluxes (6.6 ± 0.8 mgCH4 mâ2 hrâ1) over the same period. Mean image composition of emitted CH4 calculated using EC isoflux methods was â71 ± 8 â° (95% C.I.) while Keeling regressions of 332 chamber closing events over 8 days yielded a corresponding value of â64.5 ± 0.8 â°. Ebullitive fluxes, representing âŒ10% of total CH4 fluxes at this site, were on average 1.2 â° enriched in 13C compared to diffusive fluxes. CH4 isoflux time series have the potential to improve processâbased understanding of methanogenesis, fully characterize source isotopic distributions, and serve as additional constraints for both regional and global CH4 modeling analysis
The role of environmental exposures and the epigenome in health and disease
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152782/1/em22311_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152782/2/em22311.pd
Geographic Differences in Event Rates by Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72232/1/j.1600-6143.2006.01508.x.pd
Fermi Surface Properties of Low Concentration CeLaB: dHvA
The de Haas-van Alphen effect is used to study angular dependent extremal
areas of the Fermi Surfaces (FS) and effective masses of CeLaB alloys for between 0 and 0.05. The FS of these alloys was previously
observed to be spin polarized at low Ce concentration ( = 0.05). This work
gives the details of the initial development of the topology and spin
polarization of the FS from that of unpolarized metallic LaB to that of
spin polarized heavy Fermion CeB .Comment: 7 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PR
Gas Dynamics in the LINER Galaxy NGC 5005: Episodic Fueling of a Nuclear Disk
We report high-resolution CO(1-0) observations in the central 6 kpc of the
LINER galaxy NGC 5005 with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory millimeter array.
Molecular gas is distributed in three components - a ring at a radius of about
3 kpc, a strong central condensation, and a stream to the northwest of the
nucleus but inside the 3 kpc ring. The central condensation is a disk of about
1 kpc radius with a molecular gas mass of 2 x 10^9 M_sun. The stream between
the 3 kpc ring and the nuclear disk lies on a straight dust lane seen in the
optical. If this material moves in the plane of the galaxy, it has a velocity
offset by up to ~ 150 km/s from galactic rotation. We suggest that an optically
inconspicuous stellar bar lying within the 3 kpc ring can explain the observed
gas dynamics. This bar is expected to connect the nuclear disk and the ring
along the position angle of the northwest stream. A position-velocity cut in
this direction reveals features which match the characteristic motions of gas
in a barred potential. Our model indicates that gas in the northwest stream is
on an x_1 orbit at the bar's leading edge; it is falling into the nucleus with
a large noncircular velocity, and will eventually contribute about 2 x 10^8
M_sun to the nuclear disk. If most of this material merges with the disk on its
first passage of pericenter, the gas accretion rate during the collision will
be 50 M_sun/yr. We associate the nuclear disk with an inner 2:1 Lindblad
resonance, and the 3 kpc ring with an inner 4:1 Lindblad resonance. The high
rate of bar-driven inflow and the irregular appearance of the northwest stream
suggest that a major fueling event is in progress in NGC 5005. Such episodic
(rather than continuous) gas supply can regulate the triggering of starburst
and accretion activity in galactic nuclei. (abridged)Comment: 26 pages, 12 figures, AASTeX, ApJ in press (Feb. 10, 2000). For
full-resolution figures, see
http://www.ovro.caltech.edu/mm/science/science.htm
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