Raciolinguistic ideologies as experienced by racialized academics in South Africa.

English remains a language of power in post-apartheid South Africa, providing access to goods, services, social status, and is indexical to White privilege. Raciolinguistic theoretical perspectives postulate that if “standard” English is used by racialized individuals, they are stigmatized as “language deficient’ and have fewer opportunities for inclusion and upward social mobility. In this study we examined the dynamics of raciolinguistic ideology and linguistic inequalities at work. Thematic analysis of interviews with 18 racialized academics produced several themes indicating that these individuals need English to succeed but that they are also marginalized based on how they speak it. We argue that raciolinguistic ideologies in higher education should be addressed to create a more inviting atmosphere for academics of color

A Rare Devastating Complication of Lasik: Bilateral Fungal Keratitis

Purpose. To report an unusual case of severe bilateral fungal keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Method. A 48-year-old man developed bilateral diffuse corneal infiltration two weeks after LASIK. The corneal scrapings revealed fungal filaments but cultures were negative. Results. The corneal ulceration was improved on the left eye whereas spontaneous perforation occurred and finally evisceration was needed on the right eye despite topical and systemic antifungal treatment. Conclusions. Fungal keratitis, especially with bilateral involvement, is a very rare and serious complication of LASIK surgery. Clinical suspicion is crucial because most of fungal keratitis are misdiagnosed as bacterial keratitis and can lead serious visual results, even eye loss

Returns to Foreign Language Skills in a Developing Country: The Case of Turkey

Foreign language skills represent a form of human capital that can be rewarded in the labor market. Drawing on data from the Adult Education Survey of 2007, this is the first study estimating returns to foreign language skills in Turkey. We contribute to the literature on the economic value of language knowledge, with a special focus on a country characterized by fast economic and social development. Although English is the most widely spoken foreign language in Turkey, we initially consider the economic value of different foreign languages among the employed males aged 25 to 65. We find positive and significant returns to proficiency in English and Russian, which increase with the level of competence. Knowledge of French and German also appears to be positively rewarded in the Turkish labor market, although their economic value seems mostly linked to an increased likelihood to hold specific occupations rather than increased earnings within occupations. Focusing on English, we also explore the heterogeneity in returns to different levels of proficiency by frequency of English use at work, birth-cohort, education, occupation and rural/urban location. The results are also robust to the endogenous specification of English language skills

Non-formal spaces of socio-cultural accompaniment: Responding to young unaccompanied refugees – reflections from the Partispace project.

Drawing on research in progress in the Partispace project we make a case for the recognition of the importance of non-formal spaces in response to young refugees across three different national contexts: Frankfurt in Germany; Gothenburg in Sweden; and Manchester in the UK. It is argued that recognition of local regulation and national controls of immigration which support climates of hostility makes it important to recognise and affirm the significance of non-formal spaces and ‘small spaces close to home’ which are often developed in the ‘third space’ of civil society and arise from the impulses driven by the solidarity of volunteers. In these contexts it is important that practices of hospitality can develop which symbolically reconstitute refugees as hosts and subjects of a democratic conversation, without which there is no possible administrative solution to the refugee crisis. It is essential that educational spaces such as schools, colleges and universities forge strong bonds with such emergent spaces

Çinko katkılı ve katkısız kompoze gübrelerin ıspanağın verim ve mineral madde içeriğine etkileri

This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the effects of Zn enriched and nonenriched 15: 15: 15 fertilizers on spinach yield and mineral matter content . in the experiment ; one percent of (%1) enriched and nonenriched 15:15:15 fertilizers were applied to soil in the rates of 100 $kgda^{-1}$ and mixed with disk-harrow. Results showed that %1 Zn enriched 15:15:15 fertilizer threatment signiScatly increased the yield, dry weight and mineral matter content.Bu araştırma çinko katkılı ve katkısız 15:15:15 kompoze gübrelerinin Ispanak (Spinaceae olereceae L.) bitkisinin verim ve mineral madde içeriği üzerine olan etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Denemede %1 çinko katkılı ve çinko katkısız kompoze gübreler tohum ekimi ile beraber 100 kg/da hesabı ile toprağa verilmiştir. Çinko katkılı kompoze gübre uygulamalarının çinko katkısız kompoze gübre uygulamalarına oranla ıspanakta verim değerleri ile mineral madde içeriklerinde artış sağladığı belirlenmiştir

Suppression of coffee ring effect in random optical potentials

Drying a liquid (e.g. water) drop containing uniformly dispersed microscopic particles results in the particles’ migration towards the edges of the drop; after the drop evaporates the suspended particles remain concentrated around the original drop edge. This so-called “coffee-ring” effect does not depend on the nature of the solvent or the solute [1]; thus it is ubiquitous in nature and challenging to avoid. However, in many applications such as inkjet printing, coating and many other biological processes, there is need to suppress and control the coffee-ring effect due to the requirement of uniform deposition of the suspended particles. Such approaches include changing the shape of the particulate suspension [2], using acoustic waves [3], or adding hydrosoluble polymer during the evaporation [4]. In this work, we investigate the evaporation of liquid droplets containing passive and active particles under random optical potentials. In particular, we experimentally show that while drops of a suspension of 3-μm diameter polystyrene particles show typical coffee-ring when no optical potentials are applied, they form uniform distribution, suppressing the coffee-ring formation when a random optical potential is present

Purification and Characterization of a Lectin from Bulbsof Cyclamen Mirabile

Lectin from the bulbs of Cyclamen mirabile which is an endemic species of Turkey was successfully isolated by affinity precipitation with alginate in one step. The purified protein produced two bands showing a dimeric structure in SDS-PAGE (13.5 and 14.8 kDa). C. mirabile lectin showed activity and stability in a broad pH scale and kept its haemagglutination activity in the temperature range of 4-40°C. MgCl2 and HgCl2 inhibited the haemagglutination activity of the lectin. In this study, a practical and efficient purification procedure was carried out for C. mirabile lectin by using affinity precipitation with alginate