17 research outputs found
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An integrated omics analysis reveals molecular mechanisms that are associated with differences in seed oil content between Glycine max and Brassica napus
Abstract
Background: Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds are rich in both protein and oil, which
are major sources of biofuels and nutrition. Although the difference in seed oil content between soybean (~ 20%) and
rapeseed (~ 40%) exists, little is known about its underlying molecular mechanism.
Results: An integrated omics analysis was performed in soybean, rapeseed, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh),
and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), based on Arabidopsis acyl-lipid metabolism- and carbon metabolism-related genes.
As a result, candidate genes and their transcription factors and microRNAs, along with phylogenetic analysis and
co-expression network analysis of the PEPC gene family, were found to be largely associated with the difference
between the two species. First, three soybean genes (Glyma.13G148600, Glyma.13G207900 and Glyma.12G122900)
co-expressed with GmPEPC1 are specifically enriched during seed storage protein accumulation stages, while the
expression of BnPEPC1 is putatively inhibited by bna-miR169, and two genes BnSTKA and BnCKII are co-expressed
with BnPEPC1 and are specifically associated with plant circadian rhythm, which are related to seed oil biosynthesis. Then,
in de novo fatty acid synthesis there are rapeseed-specific genes encoding subunits β-CT (BnaC05g37990D) and BCCP1
(BnaA03g06000D) of heterogeneous ACCase, which could interfere with synthesis rate, and β-CT is positively regulated by
four transcription factors (BnaA01g37250D, BnaA02g26190D, BnaC01g01040D and BnaC07g21470D). In triglyceride synthesis,
GmLPAAT2 is putatively inhibited by three miRNAs (gma-miR171, gma-miR1516 and gma-miR5775). Finally, in rapeseed
there was evidence for the expansion of gene families, CALO, OBO and STERO, related to lipid storage, and
the contraction of gene families, LOX, LAH and HSI2, related to oil degradation.
Conclusions: The molecular mechanisms associated with differences in seed oil content provide the basis for
future breeding efforts to improve seed oil content
Measuring the quality of care in psychogeriatric wards
This paper discusses the way in which quality of care has been measured and in particular draws attention to the vagueness of concepts such as autonomy, individuality and dignity. In our research we have put forward a number of indicators for the quality of care received by patients and, in addition, we have constructed a method by which they can be measured, through the use of standardized observation schedules. This paper therefore describes our indicators and the data collection process followed. This aspect of our work is part of a larger study into work satisfaction and quality of care in psychogeriatric wards in Scotland. Ultimately, the data will allow us to identify factors affecting high and low levels of job satisfaction as well as factors influencing good and bad quality of care. Further, we will be able to examine any association between work satisfaction and the quality of care delivered to patients. The results of this research are due to be published shortly