The Chemical Analysis of Water and Sediments in the Genesee River Watershed Study

This document describes the analytical procedures currently used at the Environmental Health Center, New York State Department of Health, for the chemical analysis of water and sediments in the Genesee River Watershed Study

Delayed release pancrelipase for treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency associated with chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatic enzyme supplements (PES) are used in chronic pancreatitis (CP) for correction of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) as well as pain and malnutrition. The use of porcine pancreatic enzymes for the correction of exocrine insufficiency is governed by the pathophysiology of the disease as well as pharmacologic properties of PES. Variability in bioequivalence of PES has been noted on in vitro and in vivo testing and has been attributed to the differences in enteric coating and the degree of micro-encapsulation. As a step towards standardizing pancreatic enzyme preparations, the Food and Drug Administration now requires the manufacturers of PES to obtain approval of marketed formulations by April 2010. In patients with treatment failure, apart from evaluating drug and dietary interactions and compliance, physicians should keep in mind that patients may benefit from switching to a different formulation. The choice of PES (enteric coated versus non-enteric coated) and the need for acid suppression should be individualized. There is no current standard test for evaluating adequacy of therapy in CP patients and studies have shown that optimization of therapy based on symptoms may be inadequate. Goals of therapy based on overall patient presentation and specific laboratory tests rather than mere correction of steatorrhea are needed

Influence of varied crop residues and green biomass composts to rabi sorghum growing soils on uptake of major nutrients, microbial biomass and soil fertility status

A field experiment was conducted on vertisols (pH of 7.56 with organic carbon content of 0.55%) at Re- search Institute on Organic Farming, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur coming under northern Karnataka during rabi season of 2015-16 to study the Influence of varied crop residues and green biomass composts to rabi sorghum growing soils on uptake of major nutrients, organic carbon and soil fertility status. In general application of Cotton stalks, Redgram stalks, Glyricidia, combination of cotton and redgram stalks composts, FYM and combina- tion of organic and inorganic fertilizers helped to buildup soil nutrients with respect to organic carbon, available nitro- gen and phosphorus. Significantly higher nitrogen (227.3 kg ha-1), phosphorous (75.7 kg ha-1) and potassium (141.7 kg ha-1) uptake by rabi sorghum was recorded with combined application of recommended FYM (3 t ha-1) and NP fertilizers (50:25 kg N, P2O5 ha-1) (T14) followed by Cotton stalks +Redgram stalks + Glyricidia sp. with C:N ratio of 30:1 compost @ 50 kg N equivalent (T12: 222.0, 74.0 and 132.3 kg ha-1). The least uptake was recorded with abso- lute control (T15: 127.0, 42.0 and 71.7 kg ha-1). Similar trend was observed with organic carbon, available nitrogen and phosphorus. Combined application of recommended FYM (3 t ha-1) and NP fertilizers (50:25 kg N, P2O5 ha-1) followed by Cotton stalks +Redgram stalks + Glyricidia sp. with C:N ratio of 30:1 compost @ 50 kg N equivalent at the time of sowing recorded higher major nutrients uptake, microbial biomass and soil fertility status

A localised chlorophyll deficiency associated with male sterility in Nicotiana tabacum L.

This article does not have an abstract

Somatically Hypermutated Plasmodium-Specific IgM+ Memory B Cells Are Rapid, Plastic, Early Responders upon Malaria Rechallenge

SummaryHumoral immunity consists of pre-existing antibodies expressed by long-lived plasma cells and rapidly reactive memory B cells (MBC). Recent studies of MBC development and function after protein immunization have uncovered significant MBC heterogeneity. To clarify functional roles for distinct MBC subsets during malaria infection, we generated tetramers that identify Plasmodium-specific MBCs in both humans and mice. Long-lived murine Plasmodium-specific MBCs consisted of three populations: somatically hypermutated immunoglobulin M+ (IgM+) and IgG+ MBC subsets and an unmutated IgD+ MBC population. Rechallenge experiments revealed that high affinity, somatically hypermutated Plasmodium-specific IgM+ MBCs proliferated and gave rise to antibody-secreting cells that dominated the early secondary response to parasite rechallenge. IgM+ MBCs also gave rise to T cell-dependent IgM+ and IgG+B220+CD138+ plasmablasts or T cell-independent B220−CD138+ IgM+ plasma cells. Thus, even in competition with IgG+ MBCs, IgM+ MBCs are rapid, plastic, early responders to a secondary Plasmodium rechallenge and should be targeted by vaccine strategies

Size--sensitive melting characteristics of gallium clusters: Comparison of Experiment and Theory for Ga17+_{17}{}^{+} and Ga20+_{20}{}^{+}

Experiments and simulations have been performed to examine the finite-temperature behavior of Ga$_{17}{}^{+}$ and Ga$_{20}{}^{+}$ clusters. Specific heats and average collision cross sections have been measured as a function of temperature, and the results compared to simulations performed using first principles Density--Functional Molecular--Dynamics. The experimental results show that while Ga$_{17}{}^{+}$ apparently undergoes a solid--liquid transition without a significant peak in the specific--heat, Ga$_{20}{}^{+}$ melts with a relatively sharp peak. Our analysis of the computational results indicate a strong correlation between the ground--state geometry and the finite--temperature behavior of the cluster. If the ground--state geometry is symmetric and "ordered" the cluster is found to have a distinct peak in the specific--heat. However, if the ground--state geometry is amorphous or "disordered" the cluster melts without a peak in the specific--heat.Comment: 6 figure

From the zero-field metal-insulator transition in two dimensions to the quantum Hall transition: a percolation-effective-medium theory

Effective-medium theory is applied to the percolation description of the metal-insulator transition in two dimensions with emphasis on the continuous connection between the zero-magnetic-field transition and the quantum Hall transition. In this model the system consists of puddles connected via saddle points, and there is loss of quantum coherence inside the puddles. The effective conductance of the network is calculated using appropriate integration over the distribution of conductances, leading to a determination of the magnetic field dependence of the critical density. Excellent quantitative agreement is obtained with the experimental data, which allows an estimate of the puddle physical parameters

Vertex-corrected perturbation theory for the electron-phonon problem with non-constant density of states

A series of weak-coupling perturbation theories which include the lowest-order vertex corrections are applied to the attractive Holstein model in infinite dimensions. The approximations are chosen to reproduce the iterated perturbation theory in the limit of half-filling and large phonon frequency (where the Holstein model maps onto the Hubbard model). Comparison is made with quantum Monte Carlo solutions to test the accuracy of different approximation schemes.Comment: 31 pages, 15 figures, typeset in ReVTe