Controlling the corrosion and cathodic activation of magnesium via microalloying additions of Ge

The evolution of corrosion morphology and kinetics for magnesium (Mg) have been demonstrated to be influenced by cathodic activation, which implies that the rate of the cathodic partial reaction is enhanced as a result of anodic dissolution. This phenomenon was recently demonstrated to be moderated by the use of arsenic (As) alloying as a poison for the cathodic reaction, leading to significantly improved corrosion resistance. The pursuit of alternatives to toxic As is important as a means to imparting a technologically safe and effective corrosion control method for Mg (and its alloys). In this work, Mg was microalloyed with germanium (Ge), with the aim of improving corrosion resistance by retarding cathodic activation. Based on a combined analysis herein, we report that Ge is potent in supressing the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (reduction of water) upon Mg, improving corrosion resistance. With the addition of Ge, cathodic activation of Mg subject to cyclic polarisation was also hindered, with beneficial implications for future Mg electrodes

Methods of study population settlement іn socio-economic geography

The article deals with methods of study population settlement in socio-economic geography. It is specially noted features of type of population settlement. It is spoken in detail different methods of regional research. Much attention is given to сentrographical method. The article gives a detailed analysis of spatial interaction between social and geographical objects. Finally, the role of the proposed methods is show

Exploring the possibility of protective surface oxides upon Mg alloy AZ31 via lutetium additions

In the present study, Mg-alloy AZ31 was alloyed with low-level lutetium (Lu) additions, with the aim of generating a more protective surface oxide/film. To stimulate Lu-rich surface films, AZ31 + Lu specimens were heat treated at 400 °C for up to 300 min. Lu was not detected in the ¿-Mg matrix by EDXS; instead it was incorporated in Al¿Mn¿Lu particles. Micro-additions of Lu promoted a significant reduction of corrosion rates of as-cast AZ31, although Lu was not detected in the surface oxide as determined by XPS. The subsequent heat treatment of as-cast AZ31 + Lu had a negative impact upon corrosion.Peer Reviewe