Resposta das cultivares de morangueiro Camarosa e Festival para diferentes adubações a base de torta de mamona.

O cultivo do morangueiro no Brasil ocorre em regiões com diferentes tipos de clima e solo. Essas variações edafoclimáticas influenciam na fertilidade do solo e no comportamento vegetativo e produtivo das cultivares (SANTOS; MEDEIROS, 2005). O nitrogênio é o principal nutriente limitante na cultura do morangueiro devido ao seu alto nível de lixiviação (SANTOS; MEDEIROS, 2005), exercendo grande influência no crescimento vegetativo, na produção e qualidade de frutos (KIRSCHBAUM; BORQUEZ, 2006). A adubação orgânica é considerada fundamental para o sucesso da cultura, proporcionando maiores índices de produtividade, sendo dificilmente substituída totalmente pela adubação inorgânica (SANTOS; MEDEIROS, 2005). A torta de mamona é o mais importante subproduto da cadeia produtiva da mamona, e seu uso tem sido principalmente, como adubo orgânico ricamente nitrogenado (SEVERINO, 2005). Uma das principais vantagens é em relação a mineralização do nitrogênio, que não é tão rápida quanto a de fertilizantes químicos e nem tão lenta quanto de outros compostos orgânicos, como esterco bovino e bagaço de cana (SEVERINO et al. 2004). O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta das cultivares de morangueiro Camarosa e Festival sob diferentes adubações, utilizando a torta de mamona como fonte fornecedora de nitrogênio

4-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehydes: proton transfer or deprotonation

A series of naphthaldehydes, including a Mannich base, have been investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, NMR and theoretical methods to explore their potential tautomerism. In the case of 4-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde concentration dependent deprotonation has been detected in methanol and acetonitrile. For 4-hydroxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-1-naphthaldehyde (a Mannich base) an intramolecular proton transfer involving the OH group and the piperidine nitrogen occurs. In acetonitrile the equilibrium is predominantly at the OH-form, whereas in methanol the proton transferred tautomer is the preferred form. In chloroform and toluene, the OH form is completely dominant. Both 4-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and 4-methoxy-1-naphthaldehyde (fixed enol form) show dimerization in the investigated solvents and the crystallographic data, obtained for the latter, confirm the existence of a cyclic dimer

Discordant identification of pediatric severe sepsis by research and clinical definitions in the SPROUT international point prevalence study

Introduction: Consensus criteria for pediatric severe sepsis have standardized enrollment for research studies. However, the extent to which critically ill children identified by consensus criteria reflect physician diagnosis of severe sepsis, which underlies external validity for pediatric sepsis research, is not known. We sought to determine the agreement between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria to identify pediatric patients with severe sepsis across a network of international pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Methods: We conducted a point prevalence study involving 128 PICUs in 26 countries across 6 continents. Over the course of 5 study days, 6925 PICU patients <18 years of age were screened, and 706 with severe sepsis defined either by physician diagnosis or on the basis of 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference consensus criteria were enrolled. The primary endpoint was agreement of pediatric severe sepsis between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria as measured using Cohen's ?. Secondary endpoints included characteristics and clinical outcomes for patients identified using physician diagnosis versus consensus criteria. Results: Of the 706 patients, 301 (42.6 %) met both definitions. The inter-rater agreement (? ± SE) between physician diagnosis and consensus criteria was 0.57 ± 0.02. Of the 438 patients with a physician's diagnosis of severe sepsis, only 69 % (301 of 438) would have been eligible to participate in a clinical trial of pediatric severe sepsis that enrolled patients based on consensus criteria. Patients with physician-diagnosed severe sepsis who did not meet consensus criteria were younger and had lower severity of illness and lower PICU mortality than those meeting consensus criteria or both definitions. After controlling for age, severity of illness, number of comorbid conditions, and treatment in developed versus resource-limited regions, patients identified with severe sepsis by physician diagnosis alone or by consensus criteria alone did not have PICU mortality significantly different from that of patients identified by both physician diagnosis and consensus criteria. Conclusions: Physician diagnosis of pediatric severe sepsis achieved only moderate agreement with consensus criteria, with physicians diagnosing severe sepsis more broadly. Consequently, the results of a research study based on consensus criteria may have limited generalizability to nearly one-third of PICU patients diagnosed with severe sepsis

System-Level Specification of Instruction Sets

System-level design requires some sort of specification for a system at the level of abstraction of the system. When the system (or sub-system) is a processor, the appropriate level of abstraction is the instruction set. However, there are no good approaches for describing processors at this level. Nevertheless, this type of specification has a number of benefits: it is more concise (and thus less errorprone) than more general alternatives; it can be re-used in later re-implementations; and it provides support for software codesign through compiler-generators (which rely on higher-level abstractions than other techniques provide). Therefore, we have developed a methodology and an embodying language for specifying processors at the instruction set level. 1 Introduction System-level design is obviously a very critical stage in the overall design process. Poor decisions at this early stage can cause significant cost and time problems during implementation. On the other hand, the greatest..