Elit boksörlerin maç öncesi ve maç sonrası bazı hematolojik paremetrelerinin karşılaştırılması

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü TEZlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Sporcu performansını belirleyen en önemli faktör fizyolojik yapıdır. Ayrıca, her spor branşında performansı farklı derecede etkileyen teknik ve taktik yöntemler bulunmak-tadır. Boks yüksek derecede kuvvete ihtiyaç duyan durağan ve hareketli yapıya sahip mücadele sporlarından biridir. Bu TEZ çalışması, Türkiye Boks Şampiyonasına katılan erkek boksörlerin maç öncesi ve sonrası bazı biyokimyasal kan parametrelerini incele-mek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, 20-30 yaş aralığında 20 aktif erkek elit boksöre ait (içlerinde Avrupa ve Dünya şampiyonaları ile Olimpiyatlara katılmış sporcuların da bulunduğu) kan örnek-lerinde yapılan biyokimyasal ölçümleri kapsamaktadır. Tüm boksörlerden, maç öncesi ve maç sonrası biyokimyasal parametrelerin belirlenmesi için 4'er ml venöz kan örnek-leri lityum heparin içeren BD vacutianer tüplere alınmıştır. Maç sonrası için alınan kan örnekleri 3 raundluk (9 dakika) dövüş sonrasında alınmıştır. Bu TEZ çalışmasında, bi-yokimyasal parametreler ayrıca, kazananlar (galip) ve kaybedenler (mağlup) arasında da karşılaştırmaya tabi tutulmuştur. Kan örneklerindeki biyokimyasal parametrelerin ölçümü uluslararası standartta ELİZA kitleri kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, orta-lama ± standart hata ortalaması olarak ifade edilmiştir. Karşılaştırma ve eş olmayan gruplar arası anlamlılığın farkları Mann-Whitney U ve ki kare ya da unpaired Stu-dent's t-testi ile ölçülmüştür. Elit boksörlerin kanlarında yapılan analizlerde maç öncesi, maç sonrası ile karşılaştı-rıldığında; glukoz, insülin, ALT, AST, SOD ve laktat düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak art-tığı, TOS düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak azaldığı, TAS ve kreatinin düzeylerinin ise de-ğişmediği saptanmıştır. Kazanan ve kaybedenlerin maç öncesi ve maç sonrası farkları karşılaştırıldığında ise; kaybedenlerde insülin düzeyinde anlamlı bir azalma; ALT, TAS, SOD ve kreatin kan düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak yükseldiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, boksörlerin 9 dakikalık maç sırasındaki eforu ile kan glukoz ve insülin düzeyindeki artışların sarf edilen enerji tüketimini yansıtan bir gösterge olarak ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Laktat, ALT ve AST düzeyindeki artışların ise metabolik hız artışının bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilmesi mümkündür. SOD düzeyindeki artışın ise, vücut savunma sisteminin bir belirteci olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. TOS azalması ise, SOD düzeyindeki artışın bir kompansasyonu olarak düşünülebilir. Kazanan, kaybe-den karşılaştırmasında ise, mağlupların düşük insülin düzeyinin performansa artı de-ğer olarak destek vermediği şeklinde yorumlamak mümkündür.Physiological and genetic heritage are basic factors to determine performance of sports men. Highly different technical and tactical dynamics are very important com-plementary elements, which affect top-level athletes in each sport. Boxing is one of the combat sports, requires a high degree of force and has static and active structure. The aim of this study was to investigate pre-match and after match biochemical pa-rameters from male boxers participated in the Turkey Boxing Championship. This research includes biochemical tests performed on blood samples from twenty active elite male boxers in the range of 20 and 30 years, joined World and Europe Boxing Championship or Olympics. Venous blood samples (4 ml) of the boxers, be-fore and after match, were taken into vacutianer tubes containing lithium heparin, for determination of biochemical parameters (SOD, TAS, TOS, ALT, AST, glucose, in-sulin, lactate and creatine). Blood samples for after match were taken following three rounds of 3 minutes with a break of 1 minute (9 minutes fight). Biochemical parame-ters were also compared between winners and losers. Measurements of biochemical parameters in blood samples have been performed by using ELISA kits in interna-tional standards. Results are expressed as mean ± standard error mean. Comparisons and differences between groups were done by using Mann-Whitney U and Chi Square or unpaired and paired Student's t tests. The results indicated that blood lactate (p<0.001), glucose (p<0.01) and insulin (p<0.05) levels have significantly increased after match, when compared to the pre-match. Parameters related to redox status such as TOS (p<0.001) presented a signifi-cant decrease and SOD (p<0.01) showed a significant increase following post-match compared to the pre-match. Moreover, ALT (p<0.001) and AST (p<0.001) concentra-tions have significantly increased in blood samples taken after competition. However, no significant alterations were observed in TAS and CR levels. When compared to pre-match and post-match data between winners and losers; insulin levels in the los-ers 9were found significantly lesser than those of winners, interestingly, ALT, TAS, SOD and creatine levels were measured as highly increased in the looser. As a result, 9 minutes after the match, it is seen that increases in blood glucose and insulin levels of boxers could be considered as an indicator of high energy consump-tion. The increases in lactate, ALT and AST levels could be taken as a reflection of increased metabolic stress. The reductions of TOS levels can be considered as a com-pensation of the increase in SOD levels. Compared winners and losers, it can be in-terpreted that low insulin levels of the losers do not contribute positively to their per-formances

Investigation of Prejudice against Obesity in Students of Sports Sciences

The aim of this study is to reveal prejudice against obesity in students who study sports sciences at the university level in Turkey in terms of different variables. The sample group of the study included 387 randomly chosen students of sports sciences from Bingöl University, Fırat University, Sütçü İmam University and Düzce University. To collect data from the sample, the “Obesity Prejudice Scale” was used. For the data collected, the normality test was conducted to determine whether the “Obesity Prejudice Scale” provided the normality assumption. “Independent Samples t-test”, a parametric test, was conducted to evaluate the level of differentiation in gender, an independent variable. To determine differentiation in variables of grade, university and monthly income, “ANOVA” tests were conducted. The level of statistical significance (α error level) was regarded as

Social Studies in Out-of-Class Learning Environments: A study on Teacher Candidates’ Views and Awareness

This research aimed to investigate the awareness of out-of-class learning environments that can be utilized in social studies courses among both social studies teacher candidates and primary school teacher candidates. Social studies, with its interdisciplinary nature, has the potential to provide a wide array of out-of-class learning opportunities, and we aimed to explore this aspect. In pursuit of this objective, we sought to evaluate the extent of teacher candidates’ familiarity with these learning environments and their ability to establish connections between these settings and the content of the social studies course. In our research we used the descriptive case study which is one of the types of qualitative research methods. In this context, we carried out the qualitative data collection process within the framework of the interview technique through a ‘semi-structured interview form’ for the participating teacher candidates. We analyzed all the collected data using descriptive analysis. As a result of our analyses, we found that teacher candidates from both programs who had taken this course were able to identify a wide range of out-of-class learning environments and that the most common examples they mentioned were ‘museums, libraries, schoolyard, canteens and historical sites/places, excursions and laboratories’. However, we found that both groups had relative difficulty in associating these learning environments with the social studies curriculum and content. When we assessed whether this finding indicated a difference in the extent of the teacher candidates’ own branches and the course hours they had taken, we found that the examples of association of the teacher candidates with less social studies field education were far behind the examples of the social studies teacher candidates. Another significant finding from the research is that the teacher candidates were more capable of offering robust examples of associations related to out-of-class in-school learning environments compared to those associated with out-of-school learning environments

The mediating role of product judgment and country of origin effect on health literacy and behavioral intention: A study on COVID-19 vaccines perception of Turkish consumers

This study is conducted on people in Turkey who had at least one dose of vaccination and it evaluates their differences in attitude in terms of health literacy, product judgment, the country of origin, intention to recommend and motivation to boycott. The 393 vaccine consumers were selected through convenient sampling and the data was collected through online questionnaires. The data was later analyzed by SPSS and AMOS. Normality, reliability tests and frequency analysis were conducted on the data. Afterward, a correlation was calculated using factor loadings to determine the relationship between the variables. The last was conducting the PATH analysis. Some consumers are prejudiced toward COVID-19 vaccines due to perceived distrust, hesitation, and lack of product information. Determining the prejudices of consumers, underlying causes and making inferences will provide more useful information on COVID-19 vaccines to health institutions, vaccine manufacturers, consumers and other organizations. © 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

EFFECT OF ACUTE EXERCISE ON LIPID LEVELS OF WOMAN

In this study, the aim was to investigate the effect of acute exercise on blood lipids in females. Research group consists of females; 33,6 aged. From the beginning of the exercise to the end of acute swimming exercise, the participants gave blood samples in order to analysis the Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels. According to results, there was significant difference between pre and post tests in research group on Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels (p&lt;0,05). Consequently, acute swimming exercises lead to significant alteration the level of Cholesterol, LDL, HDL Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels in females and ıt could say that acute exercises are useful application in terms of health.  Article visualizations

The importance of perfusion index monitoring in evaluating the efficacy of stellate ganglion blockage treatment in Raynaud’s disease

Stellate ganglion blockage (SGB) is a method used for treating Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP). This study primarily aimed to determine whether the perfusion index (PI) can be used an alternative to Horner’s signs in evaluating the efficacy of SGB in patients diagnosed with RP. In a total of 40 patients, aged 18–65 years and diagnosed with primary RP, SGB was applied for 5 days on the same side with the 2-finger method, using 6 mL of 5% levobupivacaine at the 7th cervical vertebra level. The PI values were recorded from the distal end of the 2nd finger of the upper extremity on the side applied with the block at baseline and at 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min. The onset time of Horner findings was recorded. The PI values and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores were recorded pre-treatment and after 2 weeks.When the PI values of the 40 patients were examined, a 62.7% increase was observed from baseline to the first session at 5 min (p &lt; 0.05). When all sessions were evaluated, a statistically significant increase was determined in the PI values measured at 5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min compared with the baseline PI values. There was a statistically significant decrease in the post-treatment VAS pain scores and a statistically significant increase in the post-treatment PI values (p &lt; 0.05). By eliminating peripheral vasospasm with the application of SGB in patients with RP, the distal artery blood flow and PI are increased. PI measurement is a more objective method and therefore could be used as an alternative to Horner findings in evaluating the success of SGB. PI is a non-invasive and simple measurement and also an earlier indicator in evaluating the success of SGB than Horner’s signs.Keywords: Raynaud’s phenomenon; perfusion index; stellate ganglion blockage; pain; Horner's sig

Boks milli takım antrenörlerinin maç öncesi ve maç sonrası bezı kan değerlerinin karşılaştırılması

Purpose: This study was materialized with the aim to determine in what extend the glucose, insulin, cortisol, and creatine levels of the Turkish Boxing National Team Trainers was effected before and after the matches which were fought during the European Boxing Championship. Materials-Methods: This research was materialized on the trainers of the national boxing team who were on charge during the world boxing championship for women, held in Istanbul in the year 2011. Blood was obtained before and after the matches from all the subjects, and their glucose, insulin, cortisol, and creatine levels were analyzed. The blood samples were analyzed at the Animal Feeding laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University. Symptoms: In accordance with the data derived before the match and after the match, the glucose level was significantly reduced when compared with the measures taken before the match (p0.05). There was statistically a significant increase in the post-test measurements of the cortisol values when compared with the data derived from the pre-test measurement (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the measurements with regard to creatine (p>0.05). Conclusions: It’s proposed in accordance with the results of the study that, changes have been occurred between the measurements of the trainers of the boxing national team with regards to glucose and cortisol

A measurement of the oxidative stress parameters of trainers of the boxing national team before and after boxing matches

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türk Boks Millî Takımı Antrenörlerinde Boks maçlarının maç öncesi ve maç sonrası MDA, 8-isoprostane HNE, 8-OhdG ve Vitamin C seviyelerini ne derecede etkilediğini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma 2011 yılında istanbulda yapılan bayanlar dünya boks şampiyonasında görevli boks milli takımı antrenörleri üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Tüm deneklerden maç öncesinde ve maç sonrasında alınan kanda MDA, 8-isoprostane HNE, 8 OhdG ve Vitamin C seviyeleri analiz edildi. Bulgular: Elde edilen verilere göre MDA seviyesi maç öncesi değerleri ie maç sonrası değerleri arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemliydiı(p0.05). Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Boks milli takım antrenörlerinde boks maçlarının oksitatif stres parametrelerinden MDA ve 8-isoprostane değerlerinde önemli değişikliklere yol açtığı söylenebilir.The research was materialized with 40 healthy male subjects, the research groups were composed in this way. The subjects were separated into 4 groups of 10 persons. Materials-Methods: This research was materialized on the trainers of the national boxing team who were on charge during the world boxing championship for women, held in Istanbul in the year 2011. The MDA, 8-isoprostane HNE, 8-OhdG, and C Vitamin levels in the blood samples which were obtained before and after the matches from all the subjects, were analyzed. Symptoms: In accordance with the data derived before the match and after the match, the MDA level displayed a significant change with the measures taken after the match, when compared with the measures taken before the match (p0.05). Conclusions: It’s proposed in accordance with the results of the study that, significant changes have occurred between the values of the trainers of the boxing national team with regards to the oxidative stress parameters MDA and 8-isoprostane of boxing matches

Oyuncak müzelerinin tarihi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2012.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Selim Tezcan.Tezcan, Selim. HIST 203-05TEZCAN HIST 203-05/4 2011-1

SPOR YAPAN BİREYLERİN AKRAN İLİŞKİLERİ VE AKRAN ZORBALIĞININ İNCELENMESİ

Araştırmada spor yapan bireylerin akran ilişkileri ve akran zorbalığının ortaya koyduğu etkileri incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma evrenini Fırat Üniversitesi alanı içerisinde spor yapan bireyler oluştururken, örneklemini ise tesadüfü yöntemle seçilmiş 200 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada Bukowski, Hoza ve Boivin (1994) tarafından geliştirilen, Türkçe uyarlaması Atik, Doğan ve arkadaşları (2014) tarafından yapılan akran ilişkileri ölçeği ile Zorbalık eğilimlerinin ölçülmesinde ise Olweus (1997) tarafından geliştirilen ve Dölek (2002) tarafında Türkçeye uyarlanan zorba/mağdur ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada uygulanan istatistiksel analizler için dağılım normal olduğundan frekans, yüzde, ikili karşılaştırmalarda t testi, çoklu karşılaştırmalarda ise Anova testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin %51.0’ının erkek, %63.5’ inin 18-22 yaş aralığında %48.0’ının ilde yaşadığı ve %89’unun lisans düzeyinde bir eğitim seviyesine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Yine spor yapan bireylerin aylık gelir durumları incelendiğinde %55’nın bin TL’nin altında gelir düzeyine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak spor yapan bireylerin akran ilişkileri ve zorbalık eğilimleri incelendiğinde; akran ilişkilerinde, olumsuz yansıtma, duygusal paylaşım eksikliklerinde ve zorbalık eğilimlerinde erkeklerin daha çok baskın oldukları görülürken, 18-22 yaş grubundaki bireylerin 28-32 yaş grubundakilere oranla daha çok benimsedikleri tespit edilmiştir. Yaşadığı yer, eğitim ve aylık gelir durumlarına göre anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmamıştır