Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu olan çocukların oyun becerilerine yönelik yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin incelenmesi

Play is essential to the development of children's skills, promoting learning, socialisation, language, and communication. However, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) hinders natural play learning and requires additional support. This study examines Turkish postgraduate theses on ASD play interventions, taking into account years, age, gender, participants, methods, effectiveness, and role of play. 20 theses (14 master's, 6 doctoral) from 2008 to 2023 were analysed using qualitative document analysis. 11 used to play as an aim, 7 as a tool, and 2 as both. The studies mainly involved males between the ages of 1 and 19. Experimental designs predominated, often single-subject research. All play interventions were found to be effective for people with ASD. The review supports researchers and calls for more qualitative/group designs to provide richer evidence.Oyun, öğrenme, sosyalleşme, dil ve iletişimi teşvik ederek çocukların becerilerinin gelişimi için çok önemlidir. Ancak, Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) doğal oyun öğrenimini engeller ve ek destek gerektirir. Bu çalışma, OSB oyun müdahaleleri üzerine Türkiye'de yapılan lisansüstü tezleri yıl, yaş, cinsiyet, katılımcılar, yöntemler, etkinlik ve oyunun rolünü dikkate alarak incelemektedir. 2008-2023 yılları arasında yapılmış 20 tez (14 yüksek lisans, 6 doktora) nitel doküman analizi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. 11'i oyunu bir amaç, 7'si bir araç ve 2'si hem amaç hem araç olarak kullanmıştır. Çalışmalar çoğunlukla 1 ila 19 yaş arasındaki erkek katılımcıları kapsamıştır. Deneysel tasarımlar ağırlıktadır ve genellikle tek denekli araştırmalar şeklinde yürütülmüştür. Tüm oyun müdahalelerinin OSB'li bireyler için etkili olduğu görülmüştür. İnceleme, araştırmacıları desteklemekte ve daha zengin kanıtlar sağlamak için daha fazla nitel/grup tasarımı yapılması çağrısında bulunmaktadır

Orff yaklaşımı ile hazırlanan müzik etkinliklerinin otizm spektrum bozukluğu olan öğrencilere öğretiminde eş zamanlı ipucuyla öğretimin etkililiği

Bu araştırmanın amacı Orff yaklaşımıyla birlikte yanlışsız öğretim yöntemlerinden eş zamanlı ipucuyla öğretim yöntemi kullanımının özel eğitim iş uygulama merkezine devam eden OSB’li öğrencilere şarkı söyleme ve müzik aletlerini kullanarak ritim tutma becerilerinin öğretiminde etkililiğini belirlemektir. Araştırmadaki bağımlı değişken, şarkı söyleme ve ritim tutma becerilerinin öğretimi olup, araştırmanın bağımsız değişkeni ise; orff yaklaşımı ile birlikte eş zamanlı ipucuyla öğretim yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan öğretimdir. Bu araştırmada tek denekli araştırma yöntemlerinden katılımcılar arası çoklu yoklama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya, otizm tanısı almış, özel eğitim iş uygulama okuluna devam eden, 2’si erkek 1’i kız olmak üzere toplamda 3 OSB’li öğrenci katılmıştır. Şarkı söyleme ve müzik aletlerini kullanarak söylenen şarkıya uygun ritim tutma becerilerinin öğretimi için yapılan uygulamada; başlama düzeyi, öğretim, izleme ve genelleme oturumları düzenlenmiştir. Araştırmada bu oturumlara yönelik video kayıtlar yapılmış ve bu kayıtlar incelenerek gözlemcilerarası güvenirlik verileri toplanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, Orff yaklaşımıyla birlikte yanlışsız öğretim yöntemlerinden eş zamanlı ipucuyla öğretim yöntemi kullanımının özel eğitim iş uygulama merkezine devam eden OSB’li öğrencilere şarkı söyleme ve müzik aletlerini kullanarak ritim tutma becerilerinin öğretiminde etkili olduğu görülerek, öğretim bittikten bir, üç, beş hafta sonra da öğrencilerin öğretilen becerileri korudukları, ayrıca bu becerileri farklı ortam ve kişi bazında da genelleyebildikleri yapılmış olan analizler neticesinde tespit edilmiştir. -------------------- The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using simultaneous prompt teaching methods with the Orff Approach in the teaching of rhythm holding skills of singing and musical instruments to the students with the ASD. The dependent variable in the research is teaching the skills of singing and rhythm holding, the independent variable of the research is Orff Approach and simultaneous prompt instruction. In this study among the single-subject research methods, a multi-attendance model was used. Three ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) students (2 boys and 1 girl) who were diagnosed as having autism and attending special education business practice school participated in the study. In the application for teaching the rhythm-keeping skills appropriate to the song by singing and using musical instruments; start level, teaching, monitoring and generalization sessions were organized. In the research, video recordings for these sessions were made and these records were examined and interobserver reliability data were collected. According to the findings of the research, it was observed that the use of simultaneous prompt teaching methods with the Orff approach, which are not wrong, was effective in teaching rhythm retention skills to singing and musical instruments to the students of the ASD who are attending special training business practice center. One, three or five weeks after the end of teaching, the students have been determined as a result of the analyzes that they have maintained the skills taught and they can generalize these skills in different environments and individuals

The Isolation and Identification of Zoonotic Campylobacter jejuni from a Newborn Calf

Campylobacteriozis tüm dünyada yaygın görülen zoonoz bir enfeksiyondur. Bu olguda; iştahsızlık ve ishal gözlenen, antibiyotik ve vitamin preperatları ile yapılan semptomatik tedaviye de cevap vermeyerek ölen yeni doğan (yedi günlük) buzağıda Campylobacter jejuni tanımlanmıştır. Otopsisinde akciğerlerde hiperemi, karaciğerde dejenerasyonlar, dalakta nekrotik odaklar, barsaklarda kataral ve hemorajik değişiklikler görülen buzağının dokularının histopatolojik incelemesinde, barsak epitellerinde yer yer dökülmeler görüldü .Akciğerlerinde bağdoku artışı, alveollerde dejenerasyon ve çevrelerinde lenfosit infiltrasyonu, bronşlarda yoğun bakteri kümeleri, damar endotellerinde dökülmeler görüldü. Karaciğerde portal boşluklarda lenfosit infiltrasyonu, damarlarda trombozlar ve çeperlerinde kalınlaşmalar, hepatositlerde erime nekrozu ve dejenerasyon, dalakta kas trabeküllerinde kalınlaşmalar, kalp kasında ödem gözlendi. Bakteriyolojik incelemelerde Campylobacter jejuni izole ve identifiye edildi.Campylobacteriosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection. In this case report, Campylobacter jejuni was described in a newborn calf (seven days old) that had been suffered from diarrhea and loss of appetite and not responded to symptomatic antibiotic and vitamin treatments. In the necropsy, pulmonary hyperemia in the lungs, degenerations in the liver, focal necrosis in the spleen, cataral and necrotic alterations in the intestines were seen. In the histopathological examinations, desquamation in some areas of the intestinal epithelium of increases in the connective tissues of the lungs, degenerations in alveolus and lymphocyte infiltration around them, bacterial clumpsin bronches, disintegrations of endothelium of blood vessels were seen. Lymphocyte infiltrations in liver portal space, thrombosis in blood vessels and thickness in the blood vessel walls, degeneration in hepatocytes were seen. Thickness of spleen and muscle trabeculas, oedema in heart muscle were observed. In the bacteriological examinations, Campylobacter jejuni was isolated and identified

Diagnostic and prognostic value of procalcitonin (PCT), C reactive protein (CRP), nitric oxide (NO) levels, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in sheep with natural babesiosis before and after treatment

This study was carried out to reveal the importance of procalcitonin, C reactive protein, nitric oxide levels, and adenosine deaminase activity in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease in naturally infected sheep with Babesia ovis. Thirty sheep diagnosed clinically and parasitologically as having Babesia ovis were allocated to 2 groups. The first group was treated only with imidocarp dipropionate and the second group with imidocarp dipropionate and flunixine meglumin. On the seventh day after treatment, blood samples were collected again from the sheep in the babesiosis-infected group and the treatment responses were assessed. Serum PCT (1.72 +/- 0.34 ng/mL, P < 0.01), CRP (101.42 +/- 11.73 mu g/mL, P < 0.001), NO (15.77 +/- 2.75 mu mol/L, P < 0.01), and ADA (13.92 +/- 0.88 IU/L, P < 0.01) were higher in sheep with babesiosis than in the healthy sheep (0.49 +/- 0.04 ng/mL, 49.46 +/- 4.57 mu g/mL, 8.15 +/- 0.63 mu mol/L, 9.34 +/- 1.19 IU/L, respectively). When PCT, CRP, NO, and ADA before treatment and after treatment in the infected sheep were compared, the levels of these parameters except for ADA in the second group were determined to have statistically decreased after the treatment. As a result, it has been concluded that the measurements of PCT, CRP, NO, and ADA in sheep with babesiosis may be useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease when assessed in association with clinical examination.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University [NKUBAP.10, 16.010]The Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Tekirdag Namik Kemal University supported the present study (Project Number: NKUBAP.10.GA.16.010)

Diagnosis Of Stafne’S Bone Cavity With Dental Computerized Tomography

Stafne’s bone cavity (SBC) is asymptomatic radiolucent lesion of the lower jaw and generally seen incidentally during routine radiographic examinations. Diagnosis of this lesion is essential because of its similarity with other odontogenic pathologies. We present three cases of SBC which was firstly diagnosed with plain radiographs that were confirmed with dental computerized tomography. Asymptomatic radiolucent lesions of the mandible should be confirmed with advanced imaging techniques in order to avoid unnecessary surgery

Clinical characteristics, disease activity, functional status, and quality of life results of patients with psoriatic arthritis using biological and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs

Objectives: This study aims to compare the clinical characteristics, disease activity, and quality of life (QoL) of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) who use biological and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in a nationwide cohort throughout Turkey. Patients and methods: A total of 961 patients (346 males, 615 females; mean age: 46.9±12.2 years; range, 18 to 81 years) with PsA according to the classification criteria for PsA were included in the study. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, physical examination results, Disease Activity Score 28, Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire, Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life (PsAQoL), and Short Form-36 scores were all recorded. Results: Of the patients, 23% underwent biological DMARD (bDMARD) monotherapy, 42% underwent conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD) monotherapy, 10% underwent a csDMARD combination therapy, and 10% underwent a combination bDMARD and csDMARD treatment. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS pain), patient global assessment, physician global assessment, and BASDAI scores were found to be lower among patients using combination treatment of csDMARD and bDMARD, while the swollen joint count was found to be lower among patients using bDMARD. The PsAQoL score was found to be the lowest among patients not using any medication and the highest among those using bDMARD. Conclusion: In our study, patients with PsA were successfully treated with both csDMARD and bDMARD monotherapy. When the biological treatments used for PsA were compared with csDMARD, it was found that biological treatments had a positive effect on both disease activity and the QoL. Combinations of csDMARDs and bDMARDs were preferred in cases in which the disease activity was still high or increased. Because of the highest efficacy of the combined treatment, we highly suggest increasing the number of patients on combined treatment

Enthesitis and its relationship with disease activity, functional status, and quality of life in psoriatic arthritis: A multi-center study

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis with distinct phenotypic subtypes. Enthesitis is assigned as a hallmark of the disease, given its significant relations to disease activity and quality of life. Our objective is to evaluate the prevalence of enthesitis and its association with some clinical parameters, particularly quality of life, using data from a national registry. Patients with PsA meeting ClASsification criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) were enrolled by means of a multi-centre Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) Network Project. The following information was recorded in web-based case report forms: demographic, clinical and radiographic data; physical examination findings, including tender and swollen joint counts (TJC and SJC); nail and skin involvement; Disease Activity Score-28 for Rheumatoid Arthritis with Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (DAS 28-ESR); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI); Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score (MASES); Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index for the spine (BASRI-s); Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ); Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI); Health Assessment Questionnaire for the spondyloarthropathies (HAQ-s); Psoriatic arthritis quality of Life scale (PsAQoL); Short Form 36 (SF-36); Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS); Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F); and Fibromyalgia Rapid Screening Tool (FiRST) scores. The patients were divided into two groups, namely with and without enthesitis, based on the triple Likert-type physician-reported statement of ‘active enthesitis’, ‘history of enthesitis’ or ‘none’ in the case report forms. Patients with active enthesitis were compared to others in terms of these clinical parameters. A total of 1130 patients were enrolled in this observational study. Of these patients, 251 (22.2%) had active enthesitis according to the clinical assessment. TJC, HAQ-s, BASDAI, FiRST and PsAQoL were significantly higher whereas the SF-36 scores were lower in patients with enthesitis (p < 0.05). Chronic back pain, dactylitis, and tenosynovitis were more frequent in the enthesopathy group (59.4%/39%, 13.1%/6.5% and 24.7%/3.4%, respectively). Significant positive correlations between the MASES score and the TJC, HAQ, DAS 28-ESR, BASDAI, FiRST and PsAQoL scores, and a negative correlation with the SF-36 score were found. When linear regression analysis was performed, the SF-36 MCS and PCS scores decreased by − 9.740 and − 11.795 units, and the FiRST scores increased by 1.223 units in patients with enthesitis. Enthesitis is an important involvement of PsA with significant relations to quality of life determined with PsAQoL and SF-36 scores. Our study found higher frequency of dactylitis and chronic back pain, and worse quality of life determined with SF-36 and PsAQoL scores in patients with enthesitis

Regional Difference in Disease Burden Among Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multi-Center Study

Yurdakul, Ozan Volkan/0000-0003-4567-8133; alkan, hakan/0000-0001-8461-9131; Duruoz, Mehmet Tuncay/0000-0003-3584-2788;WOS: 000507466904235