O ATRYBUTACH I AKCYDENSACH TEATRU EKSPERYMENTALNEGO

Kształtowanie pozytywnych zachowań współczesnego człowieka to z pewnością jedno z zadań, jakiego można oczekiwać od ekspresji twórczej, wyrażanej sztuką teatralną – bodaj najstarszym ludycznym sposobem społecznej komunikacji międzyludzkiej, poddawanej artystycznej transformacji. Dzisiejsze techniki medialne, wykorzystujące najnowsze zdobycze nauki i techniki, czynią wszystko, by najdoskonalsze technologie „wyręczały” te bezpośrednie interakcje międzyludzkie. Telewizja, kino domowe, programy satelitarne czy Internet stają się wirtualnymi substytutami takich autentycznych relacji, uznawanych w przeszłości za najważniejszy cywilizacyjny mechanizm komunikacji międzyludzkiej.Osobliwym reliktem takich więzi pozostaje po dziś dzień teatr dramatyczny, posługujący się konwencją zbudowaną nie z obrazu, lecz z rzeczywistych przedmiotów i istot – ciała i głosów aktorów. Można zatem antycypować z wielką dozą prawdopodobieństwa fakt, iż cywilizacja zdominowana przez wciąż doskonalszą technologię i technikę cyfrowego zapisu obrazu coraz bardziej będzie doceniać właśnie takie prymarne kontakty międzyludzkie, mające miejsce podczas widowisk teatralnych

O atrybutach i akcydensach teatru eksperymentalnego

Kształtowanie pozytywnych zachowań współczesnego człowieka to z pewnością jedno z zadań, jakiego można oczekiwać od ekspresji twórczej, wyrażanej sztuką teatralną – bodaj najstarszym ludycznym sposobem społecznej komunikacji międzyludzkiej, poddawanej artystycznej transformacji. Dzisiejsze techniki medialne, wykorzystujące najnowsze zdobycze nauki i techniki, czynią wszystko, by najdoskonalsze technologie „wyręczały” te bezpośrednie interakcje międzyludzkie. Telewizja, kino domowe, programy satelitarne czy Internet stają się wirtualnymi substytutami takich autentycznych relacji, uznawanych w przeszłości za najważniejszy cywilizacyjny mechanizm komunikacji międzyludzkiej.Osobliwym reliktem takich więzi pozostaje po dziś dzień teatr dramatyczny, posługujący się konwencją zbudowaną nie z obrazu, lecz z rzeczywistych przedmiotów i istot – ciała i głosów aktorów. Można zatem antycypować z wielką dozą prawdopodobieństwa fakt, iż cywilizacja zdominowana przez wciąż doskonalszą technologię i technikę cyfrowego zapisu obrazu coraz bardziej będzie doceniać właśnie takie prymarne kontakty międzyludzkie, mające miejsce podczas widowisk teatralnych

Investigation of the high-frequency effects in Mn-Zn ferrites for EMI filter applications

This thesis focuses on the analysis, identification, and experimental investigation of the high-frequency effects encountered within the magnetic core when used in high-frequency, high-power electromagnetic interference (EMI) filters. These applications require cost-optimized, high-performance, and high-power-density magnetic components. As the manufacturers’ material specifications usually do not provide sufficient information to optimize the design, this thesis develops new methods to determine the high-frequency properties of Mn-Zn ferrites up to 20 MHz. Complex permeability and permittivity, as well as specific power loss, are typically provided as one value by the manufacturer, regardless of the core shape and size. Therefore, various magnetic materials are characterized for their complex permeability and permittivity. These two parameters are of differentiated physical origins, and so two independent measurement fixtures are developed and built. The impacts of physical size, temperature and force on complex permeability and permittivity are also considered. The detailed analysis of magnetic flux is introduced based on a 1-D analytical model, a novel shell-based transmission-line model, and finally, based on the FEM and Maxwell 3D eddy-current field solver. These models are used to calculate the complex permeability characteristics for various core sizes made of two materials: 3E10 and 3F36. A complete experimental validation is presented for the calculated values. The analytical methods show a very good correlation with the experimental measurements. The novel shell-based transmission-line model has the best accuracy, and the calculation can be implemented into simulation of a higher-order system or into any other magnetic component design algorithm. Flux verification methods are developed which use precisely-bored cores to accurately predict flux distribution. The results of the flux propagation, starting from the simple three-hole model up to the advanced four-section model confirm that the magnetic flux distribution is affected by frequency-dependent dynamic effects. Flux distributions was experimentally measured for T50 and T80 cores made of 3E10 and 3F36 material. Results are consistent with the FEM simulations and help in the development of a more accurate analytical model. A novel laminated-core common mode choke (CMC) is developed and presented in this thesis. The presented CMC core structure divides the conduction path into sub-regions which allowing for the reduction of the high-frequency effects. Laminated cores, made of several Mn-Zn ferrite materials, were tested and special attention is paid to the effect of magnetic material selection, core size and lamination thickness on the core high-frequency performance. Common mode insertion loss characteristic for the novel CMC shows that laminated ferrite structure give rise to significant attenuation improvement

Fire strategies in buildings: LabFactor fire strategy

Treball desenvolupat en el marc del programa "European Project Semester".Nowadays, fire strategies play a significant role in fire engineering. They are constantly being improved while fire engineers develop new solutions and provide more ideas to protect people´s lives. The project was focused on evaluating a fire strategy for the LabFactor building at the Lodz University of Technology. In the process, the latest approaches to fire strategies were used as well as Fire Dynamics Simulations and practical smoke tests. The project yielded meaningful results concerning smoke control and ventilation systems installed in LabFactor such as the effectiveness of smoke curtains and atrium smoke exhaust fans. The report illustrates the research done for the needs of the project as well as the outcomes and findings arising from the aforementioned tests and simulations. Conclusions and recommendations present the observations after five months of work on the assessment of LabFactor´s fire strategy. Although the current fire strategy gives positive results, taking into consideration the remarks contained in the recommendations would improve the strategy even further, potentially leading to saving more human lives.Outgoin

The Polish Vegetation Database: structure, resources and development

The phytosociological database Polish Vegetation Database collects relevés of all vegetation types in Poland. The database was established in 2007 and is located at Department of Biodiversity and Plant Cover Protection, University of Wrocław (http://synbiot.uni.wroc.pl). On March 2012, the database included 40000 relevés collected between 1927 and 2011. Most of relevés was taken from published papers and represents almost all types of habitats of Poland. Large groups of relevés represent meadows and pastures (Molinio-Arrhnehteretrea), broadleaf forests (Querco-Fagetea), arable land communities (Stellarietea), coniferous forests (Vaccinio-Piceetea) and eutrophic reed communities (Phragmitetea). In comparison to other countries in Central Europe, Polish Vegetation Database currently belongs to medium-sized databases, with full functionality and accessibility. The present article describes its development, basic operational information and how it can be used in analysis of vegetation in Poland

The effect of abandonment on vegetation composition and soil properties in Molinion meadows (SW Poland)

Intermittently wet meadows of the Molinion alliance, as with many other grasslands of high nature value, have become increasingly exposed to abandonment due to their low economic value. The potential consequences of land abandonment are the decrease in species diversity and environmental alterations. The issue of land-use induced changes in plant species composition and soil physico-chemical parameters have been rarely studied in species-rich intermittently wet grasslands. In this study we attempt to i) to identify determinants of plant species composition patterns and ii) to investigate the effect of cessation of mowing on vegetation composition and soil properties. The study was conducted in an area of 36 ha covered with Molinion meadows, comprising of mown sites and sites that were left unmown for 10 years. In total, 120 and 80 vegetation plots were sampled from mown and unmown sites, respectively. In these plots we measured plant community composition and soil physicochemical parameters. The results have shown that the two groups of variables (soil properties and management) differ considerably in their ability to explain variation in plant species data. Soil variables explained four-fold more variation in plant species composition than management did. The content of soil organic matter, moisture, total nitrogen and exchangeable forms of potassium, calcium and magnesium were significantly higher in mown than in unmown grassland systems. The results revealed that soil organic matter was the component of the soil most strongly affected by management, followed by moisture, magnesium, calcium and potassium in that order. Each of these soil parameters was negatively correlated with the abundances of woody plants and invasive species. We concluded that low intensity, late time of mowing is suitable grassland management practice to ensure high plant species diversity and sustainability of the grassland ecological system while cessation of mowing not only lead to reduced plant species richness and diversity, but also to reduced nutrient levels in grassland soils