Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pembelajaran Tematik dengan Menggunakan Media Komik pada Siswa Kelas III SD Karanggondang Kabupaten Bantul Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014

The purpose of this research is to improve learning outcomes through the use of thematic learning medium for students of class III comic Karanggondang Bantul elementary school year 2013/2014.This research is classroom action research ( CAR), which was commissioned jointly. Subjects in this study were students of class III SD Karanggondang Bantul totaling 34 students consisted of 17 female students and 17 male students. Object of this study is the result of the third grade elementary student learning Karanggondang Bantul on thematic learning using comics medium. Data collection techniques in this study was conducted with the test method and the method of observation. The instrument used in this study is testing and observation sheet. In this study, the test used is the test used. Test instrument is tested. Test trials tested are validity, distinguishing features, level of difficulty, and reliability. Data analysis techniques to determine the test with an average score on the learning outcomes of each cycle were used to determine the average value, the percentage increase in learning outcomes in each cycle, and the percentage of completeness that meet the KKM .The results showed that the learning outcomes on thematic learning using comics medium has increased from pratindakan, the first cycle and second cycle. This is indicated by an increase in the average value of student learning outcomes in pratindakan ie 65.56 increased to 73.09 in the first cycle and then again increased to 81.88 in the second cycle. The percentage of students who are able to reach KKM also increased each cycle is equal to 11.76% or 4 students at pratindakan, increased to 64.71%, or 22 people in the first cycle and the second cycle indicator of success has been achieved with the percentage of 82.35% or 28 students reached the KKM. Thus it is advisable for teachers to use comics in the thematic learning medium that can be considered as an alternative or efforts to improve student learning outcomes

Correlational patterns of species diversity, swimming ability and ecological tolerance of non-marine ostracoda (Crustacea) with different reproductive modes in shallow water bodies of agri region (Turkey)

A total of 52 ostracod taxa (35 live spp. 17 subfossils) were collected from 70 shallow aquatic bodies with 11 different habitat types in Agri province (Turkey). Fabaeformiscandona acuminata is a new record for the Turkish ostracod fauna while 29 species were new for the province. Three types of habitats (stream, ditch and pond) contained the highest numbers of 24, 15, 11 species, respectively. Species were clustered into four main groups based on their distribution among habitats. Canonical Correspondence Analysis was able to explain 73.9% of the correlation between the 18 most frequently found species and five environmental variables. Water temperature and elevation were found to be the most effective factors on ostracods. Species with and without swimming setae tend to be found mostly in lentic and lotic habitats, respectively. Besides, species with swimming setae showed relatively higher ecological optimum and tolerance values for pH, electrical conductivity and water temperature than species without setae. The numbers of non-swimmer sexually reproducing species were twice the number of parthenogenetic species. Parthenogenetic species tend to have higher tolerance and optimum values for different environmental variables than sexual species. Results suggest a strong correlation among reproductive modes, swimming ability and ecological tolerances of the species

Ostracoda (Crustacea) and limnoecological characteristics of Lake Karamurat (Bolu, Turkey): Testing pseudorichness hypothesis

To investigate the relationship between ostracod occurrence patterns, community assemblage, and abiotic factors, we sampled five sites on lake Karamurat (Bolu, Turkey) and two nearby rheocrene springs. Thirteen ostracod taxa (10 from the lake, three from the springs) were collected. Species exhibited clear habitat preferences, and lake and spring ostracods showed clear differences in their monthly and seasonal occurrences. Darwinula stevensoni and Cypria ophtalmica were the dominant species for the lake and Psychrodromus cf. fontinalis and P. olivaceus were only reported from the springs. Ostracod Watch Model illustrated that a rare species, Notodromas monacha, was only found in May to August from the lake while two species (D. stevensoni, C. ophtalmica) were encountered from all year around. Common species also exhibited relatively high levels of ecological tolerances to multiple environmental variables. Canonical correspondence analyses explained about 91% of correlation between species and environmental variables and indicated that four variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and electrical conductivity) most strongly influenced species occurrences. Also, binary data of sample medians showed significant (P < 0.01) differences between ostracod assemblages from 13 lakes and reservoirs compared to Lake Karamurat. A significant correlation was detected between Lake Karamurat and two other lakes (Abant and Yeniçağa) located in the same region. The Pseudorichness Ratio (noncosmopolitan/cosmopolitan species) of the lake was very low (Pr = 0.25), indicating dominancy of cosmopolitan species over noncosmopolitans. Conservation efforts should be considered to addressed increasing anthropogenic impacts to Lake Karamurat.Thirteen ostracods reported for the first time from Lake Karamurat exhibited clear habitat preferences and seasonal occurrences. CCA results explained about 91% of correlation between species and environmental variables. The Pseudorichness Ratio of the lake was very low (Pr=0.25), indicating dominancy of cosmopolitan species over noncosmopolitans

Effects Of Limnoecological Changes On The Ostracoda (Crustacea) Community In A Shallow Lake (Lake Cubuk, Turkey)

We sampled Lake Cubuk, a shallow lake in Bolu (Turkey), for 26 months to investigate the effect of limnoecological changes on the composition of ostracod species. Seventeen ostracod species were identified from the six stations sampled between 2008 and 2010. Numbers of species and individuals were both significantly reduced during 2010, which corresponded to a 3 m water level increase. Ostracod Watch Model (OWM) displayed distinct seasonal occurrences of five species (Candona neglecta, Cypria ophtalmica, Cypridopsis vidua, Limnocythere inopinata, Fabaeformiscandona cf. japonica) when Physocypria kraepelini was the only species encountered all year round. Approximately 77.2% of the relationship between species and environmental variables was expressed by the first two axes of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Electrical conductivity and water temperature (P=0.002) were the most influential variables on species. There was a significant negative correlation of seven species to conductivity. Of those (F. cf. japonica and C vidua) showed a significant positive correlation to water temperature, while C. candida was negatively correlated to water temperature (P<0.05). C. neglecta was the only species to show a positive correlation to dissolved oxygen. Tolerance limits for the most common species were higher than the mean water temperatures, but lower than mean levels of electrical conductivity. Finding the ratio of noncosmopolitan to cosmopolitan species "pseudorichness" as 1.13 suggested significant role of cosmopolitan species to species diversity. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.WoSScopu

Fossil and Recent Distribution and Ecology of Ancient Asexual Ostracod Darwinula stevensoni (Ostracoda, Crustacea) in Turkey

In order to determine distribution, habitat and ecological preferences of Darwinula stevensoni, data gathered from 102 samples collected in Turkey between 2000 and 2017 was evaluated. A total of 1786 individuals of D. stevensoni were reported from eight different aquatic habitats in 14 provinces in six of seven geographical regions of Turkey. Although there are plenty of samples from Central Anatolia Region, recent form of the species was not encountered. Unlike recent, fossil forms of species were encountered in all geographic regions except Southeastern Anatolia. The oldest fossil record in Turkey was reported from the Miocene period (ca 23 mya). Species occurred in all climatic seasons in Turkey. D. stevensoni showed high optimum and tolerance levels to different ecological variables. Results showed a positive and negative significant correlations of the species with pH (P&lt;0.05) and elevation (P&lt;0.01), respectively. It seems that the ecological preferences of the species are much wider than previously known. Our results suggest that if D. stevensoni is used to estimate past and present environmental conditions, attention and care should be paid on its ecology and distribution