Antinuclear antibody testing in a Turkish pediatrics clinic: is it always necessary?

Introduction: the term anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) is used to define a large group of autoantibodies which specifically bind to nuclear elements. Although healthy individuals may also have ANA positivity, the measurement of ANA is generally used in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders. However, various studies have shown that ANA testing may be overused, especially in pediatrics clinics. Our aim was to investigate the reasons for antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing in the general pediatrics and pediatric rheumatology clinics of our hospital and to determine whether ANA testing was ordered appropriately by evaluating chief complaints and the ultimate diagnoses of these cases. Methods: the medical records of pediatric patients in whom ANA testing was performed between January 2014 and June 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Subjects were grouped according to the indication for ANA testing and ANA titers. Results: ANA tests were ordered in a total of 409 patients during the study period, with 113 positive ANA results. The ANA test was ordered mostly due to joint pain (50% of the study population). There was an increased likelihood of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) with higher ANA titer. The positive predictive value of an ANA test was 16% for any connective tissue disease and 13% for lupus in the pediatric setting. Conclusion: in the current study, more than one-fourth of the subjects were found to have ANA positivity, while only 15% were ultimately diagnosed with ARDs. Our findings underline the importance of an increased awareness of correct indications for ANA testing

Üsküdar mahkeme kayıtları ışığında XVIII. yüzyıl İstanbul'unda çingeneler

Çingeneler sahip oldukları renkli kültür ve yaşam tarzlarıyla birlikte her dönemde yaşadıkları toplumda ayrı bir yere sahip olmuş, zaman zaman toplum tarafından dışlanmaya ve ayrımcılığa maruz kalmıştır. Çeşitlilik gösteren yaşam tarzları (göçebe, yarı göçebe ve yerleşik), kültürleri, dini yapıları ve ekonomik durumlarıyla tek tip bir Çingene profilinden bahsetmek mümkün değildir. Farklı dönemlerde yaşayan Çingenelerin muhtelif yönlerini ele alan çalışmalar, Çingenelerin toplumsal yapıları hakkında daha gerçekçi bulguların ortaya çıkarılması için önemlidir. Bu çalışma, XVIII. yüzyılda Üsküdar'da yaşayan Çingeneleri ele almaktadır. Araştırmanın ana kaynağı olan Üsküdar mahkeme kayıtları Çingenelerin muhtelif yönlerini inceleme fırsatı sunmaktadır. İlaveten bu çalışmada Bab, Eyüp ve İstanbul mahkeme kayıtları ve arşiv belgelerinden de istifade edilmiştir. Bu tezde Çingenelerin Osmanlı hukuk sistemi içindeki yerleri, dinleri, meslekleri, yaşadıkları yerler, ekonomik durumları, maddi kültürleri, aile yapıları ve kendi aralarında, topluluk dışındaki Müslümanlarla, gayrimüslimlerle ve devletle olan ilişkileri ele alınmıştır. Bu kayıtlar ışığında, XVIII. yüzyıl Üsküdar'ında Çingene olmanın neye tekabül ettiği ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.Tezde bölge olarak Üsküdar'ın seçilme sebebi Üsküdar'ın Çingenelerin önemli ve kadim yerleşim yerlerinden olmasıdır. Çalışmada dönem olarak XVIII. yüzyılın seçilme nedeni ise Çingenelerin Selâmsız (Selâmi Ali ve Solak Sinan Mahalleleri) bölgesine bu yüzyılda göç etmeleridir. Bu çalışma, Çingenelerin yaşamlarının muhtelif cephelerini incelemek suretiyle hem Osmanlı Çingeneleri hem de günümüz Çingenelerini anlama noktasında literatüre katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.--------------------The Gypsies have always had a distinct place in the society they live with their colorful culture and lifestyle. On the other hand, they , at times, faced discrimination and exclusion. It is not possible to talk about a uniform Gypsy profile considering their diverse lifestyles (nomadic, semi-nomadic and settled), culture, religious structure and economic conditions. Obviously, studies that focus on various aspects of Gypsies in different time periods are important for revealing the real position of Gypsies in Ottoman society. Therefore, this study deals with the Gypsies who lived in Üsküdar in the 18th century. Üsküdar court records, which provide access to valuable information regarding the social, economic, and daily lives of Gypsies, and their relationship with both the Ottoman society and the state, stand as the main source of this research. Additionally, for comparative purposes, the thesis also used court registers that belonged to contemporary Gypsies recorded in the Bab, Eyüb and Istanbul courts and archival documents kept in the state archive.This thesis reconstructs various aspects of Gypsies' lives such as the place of the Gypsies in the Ottoman legal system, their religion, profession, residential location, economic conditions, material culture, family structures, and network of their relationships. Thus, the thesis aims to explore what it meant to be a Gypsy in Üsküdar in the 18th century in the light of court registers. The reason why Üsküdar is chosen as the case study of the thesis is because it is a significant ancient settlement of the Gypsies. Since Gypsies migrated to the district of Selamsız in the 18th century, the thesis focuses on this particular century. This thesis aims at contributing to the literature on both the Ottoman and contemporary Gypsies by evaluating certain aspects of their lives from a historical perspective

Karşıyaka Basketbol Takımının tarihi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2016.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Özer, Abdürrahim

The Effect of Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Findings on Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19

Introduction: COVID-19 can range from asymptomatic to critical illness and may result in mortality. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings on mortality in patients diagnosed with severe COVID-19. Materials and Methods: We included SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive patients followed up in infectious diseases pandemic and chest diseases pandemic departments at Rize State Hospital in 01.01.2020-31.03.2021. Epidemiological data, chronic diseases, admission symptoms, laboratory findings, and radiological findings of the patients were recorded retrospectively from the patient files. Patients were grouped as survivors and non-survivors. We defined severe disease as patients with pneumonia on radiological imaging, oxygen saturation < 0.05. Results: 135 patients, 110 of whom were survivors and 25 non-survivors, were included in the study. The mean age was 65.5 ± 15.45 years and 61.5% (n= 83) of patients were male. The mean age of the non-survivors was higher compared to survivors (p= 0.007). The mortality rates in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were statistically higher in non-survivors (p= 0.032, p= 0.032). The rate of tachypnea was found to be statistically higher in the non-survivors (p= 0.001). During the follow-up period, chest X-rays were taken every other day for assessment. The rate of progression was found to be statistically significantly higher in non-survivors (p= 0.004). According to the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of CAD, tachypnea at hospital admission, and progression in chest X-ray were considered independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusion: In this study, the factors that may worsen the disease in the severe COVID-19 disease course were estimated and the presence of CAD, tachypnea, and progression in chest X-ray was found to be independent risk factors for mortality. In addition to chronic diseases and symptoms at presentation, the detection of progression in chest X-ray in the clinical follow-up of patients is a risk factor for mortality, which shows us that radiological follow-up should be kept in mind during the course of the disease

Evaluation of Rapid Antigen Test Results and Real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Laboratory Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2

Introduction: Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, real-time RT-PCR is time-consuming, expensive, and requires special laboratory conditions and experienced personnel. Thus, the diagnostic importance of faster and easier-to-perform antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs) has increased. With on-site application and fast turnaround time, Ag-RDTs provide quick isolation, minimizing the risk of transmission. We aimed to compare the results of the Mö-Screen Corona Antigen Test (MöLab, Langenfeld, Germany) and real-time RT-PCR. Materials and Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs from 863 patients from January 2022 to March 2022 were included in the study. The SARS-CoV-2 antigen was assessed for using the Mö-Screen Corona Antigen Test. The SARS-CoV-2 real-time RT-PCR results were obtained within two days in 417 patients. Results: The agreeability of the real-time RT-PCR and Ag-RDT results was 96.2%. The sensitivity and specificity of Ag-RDT were 84.8% and 100%, respectively. The test sensitivity increased to 92% in specimens with Ct value <25. Conclusion: The Mö-Screen Corona Antigen Test (MöLab, Langenfeld, Germany), an Ag-RDT test with a high specificity and sensitivity, may be an alternative to real-time RT-PCR for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2

Bilateral Pulmonary Langerhans's Cell Histiocytosis is Surgical Challenge in Children

Background  Pulmonary Langerhans's cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare cause of interstitial lung disease in children and more than half of the cases are bilateral. Persistent respiratory distress due to spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) in bilateral PLCH may refractory to conservative treatment and posed a great challenge to surgical modalities. A 3-year-old boy with SP due to bilateral PLCH is presented to discuss the surgical options of recurrent and refractory PLCH cases in children. , Case Report  The patient was admitted to the emergency department with severe respiratory distress and SP. After chest tube insertion, biopsy from neck mass revealed Langerhans's cell histiocytosis. Chemotherapy including vinblastine and prednisone was initiated. Due to persistent respiratory difficulty and air leaks, talc pleurodesis and thoracoscopic bullae excision with pleural decortication were performed. Two months after the admission, due to nosocomial infection and severe respiratory distress, extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) support was initiated. The patient was died of ECMO complications on 24th day of ECMO. , Conclusion  Despite the use of chemotherapy and surgical excision of cystic lesions, bilateral PLCH in children may have lethal outcome. Other treatment options including respiratory support with ECMO and lung transplantation should be considered as last resort of treatment alternative in persistent cases.PubMedWo

Osmanlı Ceza Hukuku: Mufassal Nazariyyat-ı Ceza

Yazı çevrimini yaptığımız ve "Mufassal Nazariyyat-ı Ceza" (Ayrıntılı Ceza Kuramları) başlığını taşıyan bu kitap, Osmanlı Devleti'nde Tanzimat'la birlikte başlayan kanunlaştırma hareketleri çerçevesinde 1810 tarihli Fransız Ceza Kanunu'ndan iktibas edilen ve Cumhuriyet'in ilk yıllarına (1926'ya) kadar yürürlükte kalan 1858 (1274) tarihli Ceza Kanunu'na (Ceza Kanunname-i Hümayunu'na) dayalı olarak ve Fransızca kaynaklardan yararlanmak suretiyle yazılmış bir eserdir. İstanbul Hukuk Fakültesi'nde (Mekteb-i Hukuk-ı Şahane'de) ders kitabı olarak da okutulduğu anlaşılan bu yapıt, günümüz ceza hukuku genel hükümler derslerinde ve eserlerinde ele alınan konuları içeren, felsefi ve akademik derinliği olan, önemli mukayeseli hukuk bilgilerini barındıran bir mahiyete sahip olduğu gibi aynı zamanda ders kitabı sadeliğini de haizdir. Eserde bugün dahi kullandığımız birçok kavram ve kurumun, bunlarla ilgili güncel bazı tartışmaların izlerinin bulunabilmesi itibariyle eserin Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk ceza hukuku öğretisinde de önemli atıflar aldığı görülmektedir.(ARKA KAPAKTAN