1,918 research outputs found
Burnout, Autonomy, And Job Satisfaction In Full-Time Public Community College Faculty Members: A Regional Survey And Analysis
The purpose of this study was to determine the perceived levels of burnout, autonomy, and job satisfaction in full-time public community college faculty members; it was also of interest to determine potential relationships between burnout, autonomy, job satisfaction, and demographic factors. Participants in this study were 146 full time faculty members from twelve public community colleges within Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Measures in this study assessed perceived levels of burnout, autonomy, and job satisfaction. Independent samples t-tests and Pearson correlations were utilized to analyze data.
Results indicated that full-time public community college faculty members have moderate levels of emotional exhaustion, low levels of depersonalization, and moderate levels of personal accomplishment. These faculty also have relatively high levels of method autonomy and high levels of scheduling autonomy (compared to criteria autonomy) and high levels of total job satisfaction and satisfaction regarding pay and fringe benefits.
Community college faculty members with higher levels of autonomy had significantly lower levels of burnout and higher levels of total job satisfaction, while higher levels of burnout were significantly correlated with lower levels of total job satisfaction. Female community college faculty members had significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion compared to male faculty. Nursing and allied health faculty members had higher levels of autonomy related to work methods and scheduling than general education faculty. Non-unionized faculty had significantly higher levels of total job satisfaction and job satisfaction regarding promotion than unionized faculty members. Number of credits taught each semester had a significant negative correlation with levels of emotional exhaustion.
Female community college faculty members should be aware of their higher risk of emotional exhaustion. Individual community college faculty members and their institutions should focus on improving faculty autonomy in an effort to buffer potential negative effects of a high teaching workload in order to minimize burnout development and to improve job satisfaction. Future research should include additional questions on workload, such as the amount of clinical work for health faculty and the amount of online vs. campus teaching. Additionally, questions regarding participants’ perceived need for autonomy should be addressed
Large n limit of Gaussian random matrices with external source, Part III: Double scaling limit
We consider the double scaling limit in the random matrix ensemble with an
external source \frac{1}{Z_n} e^{-n \Tr({1/2}M^2 -AM)} dM defined on Hermitian matrices, where is a diagonal matrix with two eigenvalues of equal multiplicities. The value is critical since the eigenvalues
of accumulate as on two intervals for and on one
interval for . These two cases were treated in Parts I and II, where
we showed that the local eigenvalue correlations have the universal limiting
behavior known from unitary random matrix ensembles. For the critical case
new limiting behavior occurs which is described in terms of Pearcey
integrals, as shown by Br\'ezin and Hikami, and Tracy and Widom. We establish
this result by applying the Deift/Zhou steepest descent method to a -matrix valued Riemann-Hilbert problem which involves the construction of a
local parametrix out of Pearcey integrals. We resolve the main technical issue
of matching the local Pearcey parametrix with a global outside parametrix by
modifying an underlying Riemann surface.Comment: 36 pages, 9 figure
Impaired perception of facial motion in autism spectrum disorder
Copyright: © 2014 O’Brien et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Facial motion is a special type of biological motion that transmits cues for socio-emotional communication and enables the discrimination of properties such as gender and identity. We used animated average faces to examine the ability of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to perceive facial motion. Participants completed increasingly difficult tasks involving the discrimination of (1) sequences of facial motion, (2) the identity of individuals based on their facial motion and (3) the gender of individuals. Stimuli were presented in both upright and upside-down orientations to test for the difference in inversion effects often found when comparing ASD with controls in face perception. The ASD group’s performance was impaired relative to the control group in all three tasks and unlike the control group, the individuals with ASD failed to show an inversion effect. These results point to a deficit in facial biological motion processing in people with autism, which we suggest is linked to deficits in lower level motion processing we have previously reported
Berry's phase and Quantum Dynamics of Ferromagnetic Solitons
We study spin parity effects and the quantum propagation of solitons (Bloch
walls) in quasi-one dimensional ferromagnets. Within a coherent state path
integral approach we derive a quantum field theory for nonuniform spin
configurations. The effective action for the soliton position is shown to
contain a gauge potential due to the Berry phase and a damping term caused by
the interaction between soliton and spin waves. For temperatures below the
anisotropy gap this dissipation reduces to a pure soliton mass renormalization.
The gauge potential strongly affects the quantum dynamics of the soliton in a
periodic lattice or pinning potential. For half-integer spin, destructive
interference between soliton states of opposite chirality suppresses nearest
neighbor hopping. Thus the Brillouin zone is halved, and for small mixing of
the chiralities the dispersion reveals a surprising dynamical correlation: Two
subsequent band minima belong to different chirality states of the soliton. For
integer spin, the Berry phase is inoperative and a simple tight-binding
dispersion is obtained. Finally it is shown that external fields can be used to
interpolate continuously between the Bloch wall dispersions for half-integer
and integer spin.Comment: 20 pages, RevTex 3.0 (twocolumn), to appear in Phys. Rev. B 53, 3237
(1996), 4 PS figures available upon reques
Vacuum decay in quantum field theory
We study the contribution to vacuum decay in field theory due to the
interaction between the long and short-wavelength modes of the field. The field
model considered consists of a scalar field of mass with a cubic term in
the potential. The dynamics of the long-wavelength modes becomes diffusive in
this interaction. The diffusive behaviour is described by the reduced Wigner
function that characterizes the state of the long-wavelength modes. This
function is obtained from the whole Wigner function by integration of the
degrees of freedom of the short-wavelength modes. The dynamical equation for
the reduced Wigner function becomes a kind of Fokker-Planck equation which is
solved with suitable boundary conditions enforcing an initial metastable vacuum
state trapped in the potential well. As a result a finite activation rate is
found, even at zero temperature, for the formation of true vacuum bubbles of
size . This effect makes a substantial contribution to the total decay
rate.Comment: 27 pages, RevTeX, 1 figure (uses epsf.sty
Vacuum decay in quantum field theory
We study the contribution to vacuum decay in field theory due to the
interaction between the long and short-wavelength modes of the field. The field
model considered consists of a scalar field of mass with a cubic term in
the potential. The dynamics of the long-wavelength modes becomes diffusive in
this interaction. The diffusive behaviour is described by the reduced Wigner
function that characterizes the state of the long-wavelength modes. This
function is obtained from the whole Wigner function by integration of the
degrees of freedom of the short-wavelength modes. The dynamical equation for
the reduced Wigner function becomes a kind of Fokker-Planck equation which is
solved with suitable boundary conditions enforcing an initial metastable vacuum
state trapped in the potential well. As a result a finite activation rate is
found, even at zero temperature, for the formation of true vacuum bubbles of
size . This effect makes a substantial contribution to the total decay
rate.Comment: 27 pages, RevTeX, 1 figure (uses epsf.sty
Scientific access into Mercer Subglacial Lake: scientific objectives, drilling operations and initial observations
© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Priscu, J. C., Kalin, J., Winans, J., Campbell, T., Siegfried, M. R., Skidmore, M., Dore, J. E., Leventer, A., Harwood, D. M., Duling, D., Zook, R., Burnett, J., Gibson, D., Krula, E., Mironov, A., McManis, J., Roberts, G., Rosenheim, B. E., Christner, B. C., Kasic, K., Fricker, H. A., Lyons, W. B., Barker, J., Bowling, M., Collins, B., Davis, C., Gagnon, A., Gardner, C., Gustafson, C., Kim, O-S., Li, W., Michaud, A., Patterson, M. O., Tranter, M., Ryan Venturelli, R., Trista Vick-Majors, T., & Elsworth, C. Scientific access into Mercer Subglacial Lake: scientific objectives, drilling operations and initial observations. Annals of Glaciology, 62(85–86), (2021): 340–352, https://doi.org/10.1017/aog.2021.10.The Subglacial Antarctic Lakes Scientific Access (SALSA) Project accessed Mercer Subglacial Lake using environmentally clean hot-water drilling to examine interactions among ice, water, sediment, rock, microbes and carbon reservoirs within the lake water column and underlying sediments. A ~0.4 m diameter borehole was melted through 1087 m of ice and maintained over ~10 days, allowing observation of ice properties and collection of water and sediment with various tools. Over this period, SALSA collected: 60 L of lake water and 10 L of deep borehole water; microbes >0.2 μm in diameter from in situ filtration of ~100 L of lake water; 10 multicores 0.32–0.49 m long; 1.0 and 1.76 m long gravity cores; three conductivity–temperature–depth profiles of borehole and lake water; five discrete depth current meter measurements in the lake and images of ice, the lake water–ice interface and lake sediments. Temperature and conductivity data showed the hydrodynamic character of water mixing between the borehole and lake after entry. Models simulating melting of the ~6 m thick basal accreted ice layer imply that debris fall-out through the ~15 m water column to the lake sediments from borehole melting had little effect on the stratigraphy of surficial sediment cores.This material is based upon work supported by the US National Science Foundation, Section for Antarctic Sciences, Antarctic Integrated System Science program as part of the interdisciplinary (Subglacial Antarctic Lakes Scientific Access (SALSA): Integrated study of carbon cycling in hydrologically-active subglacial environments) project (NSF-OPP 1543537, 1543396, 1543405, 1543453 and 1543441). Ok-Sun Kim was funded by the Korean Polar Research Institute. We are particularly thankful to the SALSA traverse personnel for crucial technical and logistical support. The United States Antarctic Program enabled our fieldwork; the New York Air National Guard and Kenn Borek Air provided air support; UNAVCO provided geodetic instrument support. Hot water drilling activities, including repair and upgrade modifications of the WISSARD hot water drill system, for the SALSA project were supported by a subaward from the Ice Drilling Program of Dartmouth College (NSF-PLR 1327315) to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. J. Lawrence assisted with manuscript preparation. Finally, we are grateful to C. Dean, the SALSA Project Manager, and R. Ricards, SALSA Project Coordinator at McMurdo Station, for their organizational skills, and B. Huber of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory for providing the SBE39 PT sensors and the Nortek Aquadopp current meter and assisting with interpretation of the data. B. Huber also provided helpful input on programing and calibrating the SBE19PlusV2 6112 CTD
Does the Swiss Car Market Reward Fuel Efficient Cars? Evidence from Hedonic Pricing Regressions, Matching and a Regression Discontinuity Design
NLRP12 attenuates colon inflammation by maintaining colonic microbial diversity and promoting protective commensal bacterial growth
Inflammatory bowel diseases involve the dynamic interplay of host genetics, microbiome and inflammatory response. Here, we report that NLRP12, a negative regulator of innate immunity, is reduced in human ulcerative colitis by comparing monozygotic twins and other patient cohorts. In parallel, Nlrp12-deficiency in mice caused increased colonic basal inflammation, leading to a less-diverse microbiome, loss of protective gut commensal strains (Lachnospiraceae) and increased colitogenic strains (Erysipelotrichaceae). Dysbiosis and colitis susceptibility associated with Nlrp12-deficency were reversed equally by treatment with antibodies targeting inflammatory cytokines or by administration of beneficial commensal Lachnospiraceae isolates. Fecal transplants from specific pathogen free reared mice into germ-free Nlrp12-deficient mice showed that NLRP12 and the microbiome each contribute to immune signaling that culminates in colon inflammation. These findings reveal a feed-forward loop where NLRP12 promotes specific commensals that can reverse gut inflammation, while cytokine blockade during NLRP12-deficiency can reverse dysbiosis
Recommended from our members
NOS1AP is a novel molecular target and critical factor in TDP-43 pathology
Cappelli et al. reported that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein is a co-regulated transcript of the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa, reduced in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa pathology. Overall, their results highlight Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein as a novel druggable disease-relevant gene in TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa-related proteinopathies.Many lines of evidence have highlighted the role played by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this study, we have aimed to identify transcripts co-regulated by TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa and highly conserved heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins which have been previously shown to regulate TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa toxicity (deleted in azoospermia-associated protein 1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein -Q, -D, -K and -U). Using the transcriptome analyses, we have uncovered that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein mRNA is a direct TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa target, and in flies, its modulation alone can rescue TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa pathology. In primary mouse cortical neurons, we show that TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa mediated downregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein expression strongly affects the NMDA-receptor signalling pathway. In human patients, the downregulation of Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein mRNA strongly correlates with TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa proteinopathy as measured by cryptic Stathmin-2 and Unc-13 homolog A cryptic exon inclusion. Overall, our results demonstrate that Nitric Oxide Synthase 1 Adaptor Protein may represent a novel disease-relevant gene, potentially suitable for the development of new therapeutic strategies
- …