Sindrome do tunel do carpo: revisão de literatura / Sindrome do tunel do carpo: revisão de literatura

Introdução: A Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo (STC) é a neuropatia compressiva mais comum em membros superiores. Pode ser apresentar de forma aguda ou crônica, além de ser classificada em leve, moderada ou grave pela eletroneuromiografia. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo é revisar sobre o manejo da síndrome da túnel do carpo, visto que é uma síndrome compressiva de alto impacto funcional e socioeconômico. Métodos: Os bancos de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Diretrizes foram pesquisados eletronicamente utilizando os descritores Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo; Nervo Mediano; Síndrome Compressiva nos idiomas inglês e português. Discussão e Conclusão: Diante do comprometimento funcional, o exame clinico detalhado se faz necessário. A eletroneuromiografia é uma estratégia diagnostica mais sensível e também auxilia na classificação, quando comparada a US. A escolha do tratamento depende de diversos fatores e existem terapêuticas cirúrgicas e não cirúrgicas para manejo da síndrome

Correlations between Risk Factors for Breast Cancer and Genetic Instability in Cancer Patients- A Clinical Perspective Study

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Molecular epidemiological studies have identified several risk factors linking to the genes and external factors in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this sense, genetic instability caused by DNA damage and DNA repair inefficiencies are important molecular events for the diagnosis and prognosis of therapies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze correlation between sociocultural, occupational, and lifestyle risk factors with levels of genetic instability in non-neoplastic cells of breast cancer patients. Total 150 individuals were included in the study that included 50 breast cancer patients submitted to chemotherapy (QT), 50 breast cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT), and 50 healthy women without any cancer. Cytogenetic biomarkers for apoptosis and DNA damage were evaluated in samples of buccal epithelial and peripheral blood cells through micronuclei and comet assay tests. Elder age patients (61–80 years) had higher levels of apoptosis (catriolysis by karyolysis) and DNA damage at the diagnosis (baseline damage) with increased cell damage during QT and especially during RT. We also reported the increased frequencies of cytogenetic biomarkers in patients who were exposed to ionizing radiation as well as for alcoholism and smoking. QT and RT induced high levels of fragmentation (karyorrhexis) and nuclear dissolution (karyolysis) and DNA damage. Correlations were observed between age and karyorrhexis at diagnosis; smoking and karyolysis during RT; and radiation and karyolysis during QT. These correlations indicate that risk factors may also influence the genetic instability in non-neoplastic cells caused to the patients during cancer therapies

Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.  Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities.   Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.  The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.  The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.     Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.    Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.&nbsp

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Editorial. Dossiê: Bíblia e saúde

Editorial, v. 28, n. 111 (2011)

BRASA - A merger proposal for burned area in Brazil.

<p><strong>Contact:</strong> <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> | <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> A burned area product that maps the largest extent of burned coverage in Brazil. This asset is the result from the fusion of three datasets at different scales: Global products that offer a broader and more conservative view with a coarser resolution (MCD64A1 - 500m and Fire_CCI 250m), combined with regional products with a finer resolution (Mapbiomas Collection 2 - 30m).</p><p><strong>Coverage:</strong> Brazil</p><p><strong>Period:</strong> 2001 - 2020</p><p><strong>Spatial resolution:</strong> 30-meters</p><p><strong>Temporal resolution:</strong> Annual</p><p><strong>Coordinate reference system:</strong> Geographic Coordinate System with Datum WGS-84 (EPSG:4326)</p><p><strong>File format: </strong>Each zip file contains nine tiles in compressed TIFF format. The pixel values represent the area burned and the origin of the information. </p><blockquote><p><strong>Legend: </strong></p><ul><li>Mapbiomas2 - 1</li><li>Fire_CCI - 3</li><li>Mapbiomas2 + Fire_CCI = 4</li><li>MCD64A1 - 7</li><li>Mapbiomas2 + MCD64A1 = 8</li><li>Fire_CCI + MCD64A1 = 10</li><li>Mapbiomas2 + Fire_CCI + MCD64A1 = 11</li></ul></blockquote><p><strong>Code:</strong> https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10183061</p><p><strong>Dataset usage</strong>: It is free to use, but if you use this dataset in your work, please cite the repository and our paper correctly. We also welcome users to invite us for collaboration.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements:</strong> To the MAP-Fire Maranhão Project: FAPESP (process no. 2020/16457-3, 2022/06158-4. ), FAPEMA (No. CACD 02989/20) and CNPq (process no. 409531/2021-9).  </p><p><strong>For this dataset, please use the following references:</strong></p><ul><li><i>Paulo Henrique A. Leão et al. Contribuição de produtos de área queimada na Amazônia Maranhense: proposta de avaliações combinadas. Geoinfo. 2022.  Disponível em: <</i><a href="http://mtc-m16c.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m16c/2022/12.16.16.32/doc/311-316_Leao_contribuicao.pdf"><i>http://mtc-m16c.sid.inpe.br/col/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m16c/2022/12.16.16.32/doc/311-316_Leao_contribuicao.pdf</i></a><i>></i></li><li><i>Eduarda Vaz Braga et al. COMPARISON BETWEEN PRODUCTS FROM BURNT AREAS AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH LAND USE AND COVERAGE IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO.. In: ANAIS DO XX SIMPóSIO BRASILEIRO DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO, 2023, Florianópolis. <strong>Anais eletrônicos...</strong> São José dos Campos, INPE, 2023. Disponível em: <</i><a href="https://proceedings.science/sbsr-2023/trabalhos/comparison-between-products-from-burnt-areas-and-the-relationship-with-land-use?lang=en"><i>https://proceedings.science/sbsr-2023/trabalhos/comparison-between-products-from-burnt-areas-and-the-relationship-with-land-use?lang=en</i></a><i>>. </i></li></ul><p> </p&gt

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data