Design considerations for tailoring the thickness profile of transparent dielectric deposits by continuous-wave laser deposition

The distribution of a transparent dielectric material deposited onto a planar substrate by a continuous-wave laser is studied concerning the dependence on the light-intensity distribution. Theory is derived to model the thickness profile of the condensed material, with the aim of supporting the fabrication of free-from optics. Experiments have been performed to test the theory on the basis of an infrared-transmitting chalcogenide glass.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia FIS2008- 00260Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa de Andalucía FQM-423

Biodiversity of Gastropod in the Southeastern Gulf of California, Mexico

Currently, studying the environment is important because of the phenomena that take place on the earth every day. That is why it is a priority to carry out studies that relate environmental changes to the biology of organisms. This allows us to know the interactions with the environment, and in this way solve, reduce or prevent ecological and economic problems, if they are organisms with a commercial value. The objective of this investigation is to determine ecological parameters of the gastropod community from the intertidal zone on five islands from the Gulf of California, México, to model the diversity, distribution and abundance of malacological fauna. We considered to evaluate the Shannon-Wiener diversity (H′), Pielou’s of evenness (J) and the Margalef species richness indexes, in order to evaluate through an analysis from biotic and abiotic factors, the species status that was collected from the exposed and non-exposed zone tidal. The generated data were contemplated from a year-based biodiversity project (2016–2017) on the following islands: Patos, Bledos, Bleditos, Tunosa, and Mazocahui which belong to the Ohuira lagoon in Ahome, Sinaloa, southeast of the Gulf of California, México. Likewise a status about the importance of gastropods is mentioned for the study area

Oceanographic processes and morphosedimentary products along the Iberian margins: A new multidisciplinary approach

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Oceanographic processes and products around the Iberian margin: a new multidisciplinary approach

Our understanding of the role of bottom currents and associated oceanographic processes (e.g, overflows, barotropic tidal currents) including intermittent processes (e.g, vertical eddies, deep sea storms, horizontal vortices, internal waves and tsunamis) is rapidly evolving. Many deep-water processes remain poorly understood due to limited direct observations, but may generate significant depositional and erosional features on both short-and long-term time scales. This paper describes these oceanographic processes and examines their potential role in the sedimentary features around the Iberian margin. The paper explores the implications of the processes studied, given their secondary role relative to other factors such as mass-transport and turbiditic processes. An integrated interpretation of these oceanographic processes requires an understanding of contourites, sea-floor features, their spatial and temporal evolution, and the near-bottom flows that form them. Given their complex, three-dimensional and temporally-variable nature, integration of these processes into sedimentary, oceanographic and climatological frameworks will require a multidisciplinary approach that includes Geology, Physical Oceanography, Paleoceanography and Benthic Biology. This approach will synthesize oceanographic data, seafloor morphology, sediments and seismic images to improve our knowledge of permanent and intermittent processes around Iberia, and evaluate their conceptual and regional role in the sedimentary evolution of the margin. © 2015, Instituto Geologico y Minero de Espana. All rights reservedEl conocimiento del papel de las corrientes de fondo y los procesos oceanográficos asociados (overflows, corrientes de marea barotrópicas, etc), incluyendo procesos intermitentes (eddies, tormentas profundas, ondas internas, tsunamis, etc), está evolucionando rápidamente. Muchos de estos procesos son poco conocidos, en parte debido a que las observaciones directas son limitadas, si bien pueden generar importantes rasgos deposicionales y/o erosivos a escalas temporales de corto o largo periodo. Este artículo describe dichos procesos oceanográficos y examina su influencia en la presencia de rasgos sedimentarios alrededor del margen Ibérico. El trabajo discute las implicaciones de dichos procesos y el papel secundario que juegan en relación a otros factores tales como los procesos de transporte gravitacionales en masa y los turbidíticos. Para un mejor conocimiento de la sedimentación marina profunda, y en concreto de los sistemas contorníticos, se requiere de una interpretación de estos procesos oceanográficos, cuál es su evolución espacial y temporal, cómo afectan a las corrientes de fondo y cómo se ven afectados por la topografía submarina. Sin embargo, dada su complejidad y su variable naturaleza tridimensional y temporal, es necesario que estos procesos se integren en un marco sedimentológico, oceanográfico y climatológico con un enfoque multidisciplinar que incluyan la Geología, la Oceanografía Física, la Paleoceanografía y la Biología bentónica. Esta integración requiere de una mayor compilación de datos oceanográficos, de un mejor conocimiento de la morfología del fondo marino, y de una mejor caracterización de los sedimentos en ambientes profundos. Todo ello permitirá mejorar nuestro conocimiento de los procesos permanentes e intermitentes alrededor de Iberia y evaluar su verdadero efecto en la evolución sedimentaria delos márgenes continentales que le rodeanPostprint0,000

A Lower Baseline CD4/CD8 T-Cell Ratio Is Independently Associated with Immunodiscordant Response to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Subjects

We explored if baseline CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio is associated with immunodiscordant response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected subjects. Comparing immunodiscordant and immunoconcordant subjects matched by pretreatment CD4 counts, we observed a lower pretreatment CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio in immunodiscordant subjects. Furthermore, pretreatment CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, but not CD4 counts, correlated with the main immunological alterations observed in immunodiscordants, including increased regulatory T-cell (Treg) frequency and T-cell turnover-related markers. Then, in a larger cohort, only baseline CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio was independently associated with immunodiscordance, after adjusting by the viral CXCR4-tropic HIV variants. Our results suggest that the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio could be an accurate biomarker of the subjacent immunological damage triggering immunodiscordance.The HIV BioBank, integrated in the Spanish AIDS Research Network, is supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Health Ministry (grants RD06/0006/0035 and RD12/0017/0037), as part of the Plan Nacional R + D + I and cofinanced by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and Fundación para la investigación y prevención del SIDA en España (FIPSE). The RIS Cohort (CoRIS) is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III through the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en SIDA by the RD12/0017/0018 project, as part of the Plan Nacional R + D + I, and cofinanced by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). The project number is RIS_EPICLIN 20/2015. This work was supported by grants from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, ISCIII (FIS; PI14/01693), and the Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía (Proyecto de Investigación de Excelencia; CTS2593), and cofunded by Fondos Europeos para el Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). I. Rosado-Sánchez was supported by the Spanish AIDS Research Network of Excellence (RIS; RD12/0017/0029). Y. M. Pacheco was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria through the Miguel Servet program (CPII13/00037) and by the Servicio Andaluz de Salud through the Nicolás Monardes program (C-0010/13).Peer reviewe

Vulnerable marine ecosystems and biological features of Gazul mud volcano (Gulf of Cádiz): A contribution towards a potential "Gulf of Cádiz" EBSA

The Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) represents an area of socioeconomic and scientific importance for oceanographic, geological and biological processes. An interesting feature of the GoC is the presence of a large amount of mud volcanoes (MVs) and diapirs that display different seepage, seabed types, oceanographic settings and biological communities. Detailed exploration of some MVs is still needed for detecting Vulnerable Marine ecosystems (VMEs) that seem to be rare in other areas of the GoC, improving the current knowledge on its biodiversity and ecological attributes. During different expeditions (MEDWAVES-ATLAS, INDEMARES-CHICA 0610 & 0412 and ISUNEPCA 0616) carried out in different years, biological samples and videos were obtained in Gazul MV (Spanish Margin of the GoC). The study of those samples and videos has revealed the presence of several ecologically important VMEs (e.g. 3 species of reef framework-forming corals, coral gardens including solitary scleractinians, gorgonians and antipatharians, as well as deep-sea sponge aggregations and chemosynthesis-related structures) and a large number of species occurring in this MV, including new records for the European margin, threatened species and non-previously described species. The combination of different environmental and anthropogenic factors allowed the present-day persistence of these VMEs in the GoC. Some of Gazul MV biological and ecological attributes fit several criteria of the Convention on Biological Diversity for EBSA description (e.g. 1,3,4,6) that, together with those of other areas of the GoC, may contribute to the future potential nomination of an EBSA in this area of the NE Atlantic