Concatenación temporal de modelos espaciales y su aplicación al estudio de la meningitis en España

La cartografía de enfermedades infecciosas en periodos sucesivos plantea la necesidad de su extensión al caso dinámico. En este trabajo proponemos la concatenación temporal de modelos auto-regresivos espaciales para abordar el análisis de mortalidad por meningitis en España en el período 1950-1990 con datos agregados a nivel provincial. Para la estimación v selección del modelo usamos técnicas basadas en la función de verosimilitud

El Instituto de Ciencias del Hombre y la Psicología española en la transición (1973-1984): una relación poco estudiada.

El presente trabajo está destinado a subrayar la importancia histórica del Instituto de Ciencias del Hombre, una institución privada que hizo de soporte a la psicología española en un periodo muy delicado de su historia. Según tratamos de argumentar en este artículo, a partir del análisis de fuentes primarias, el Instituto pudo participar activamente en la promoción del atractivo que la psicología estaba ya despertando en un número cada vez mayor de potenciales consumidores. En efecto, en el momento en que España vivía su transición política desde la dictadura hacia la democracia, en el momento en que la propia psicología transitaba hacia su consolidación académica, científica y profesional, el Instituto de Ciencias del Hombre organizó un variado conjunto de actividades que coadyuvaron a fomentar el interés por el conocimiento psicológico. Sin embargo, y este es el centro de interés del trabajo, su labor ha pasado incomprensiblemente desapercibida para la mayor parte de los historiadores que se han dedicado al análisis institucional de la historia de la psicología en España

PEPPER, a novel K-homology domain gene, regulates vegetative and gynoecium development in Arabidopsis

AbstractPistil final morphology relies on floral meristem homeostasis, proper organ specification and regional differentiation. These are developmental processes in which sophisticated signaling networks are being uncovered. However, further elements for fine-tuning adjustment still remain to be disclosed. At the molecular level, posttranscriptional modulators may fit such a profile. In this work, we describe the characterization of PEPPER (PEP), a novel Arabidopsis gene encoding a polypeptide with K-homology (KH) RNA-binding modules, which acts on vegetative growth and pistil development. PEP was initially identified as one of the gene functions affected in a complex mutant carrying a chromosomal reorganization, which exhibits aberrant phyllotaxy and small fruits with supernumerary carpels. In contrast, plants carrying single-gene pep null mutations exhibit subtle morphological alterations. Individuals bearing a stronger-than-null allele present a phenotype comprising leaf alterations, phyllotactic errors and sporadic presence of fruits with multiple valves. Accordingly, dynamic PEP expression was detected in all major organs examined. Complementation experiments with a PEP genomic clone confirmed a role for PEP as a regulator in vegetative and reproductive development. Moreover, our genetic studies suggest that PEP interacts with element(s) of the CLAVATA signaling pathway

The Rotation of the Nonrigid Earth at the Second Order. II. The Poincaré Model: Nonsingular Complex Canonical Variables and Poisson Terms

[EN] We develop a Hamiltonian analytical theory for the rotation of a Poincaré Earth model (rigid mantle and liquid core) at the second order with respect to the lunisolar potential and moving ecliptic term. Since the Andoyer variables considered in the first-order solution present virtual singularities, i.e., vanishing divisors, we introduce a set of nonsingular complex canonical variables. This choice allows for applying the Hori canonical perturbation method in a standard way. We derive analytical expressions for the first- and second-order solutions of the precession and nutation of the angular momentum axis (Poisson terms). Contrary to first-order theories, there is a part of the Poisson terms that does depend on the Earth's structure. The resulting numerical amplitudes, not incorporated in the International Astronomical Union nutation standard, are not negligible considering current accuracies. They are at the microarcsecond level for a few terms, with a very significant contribution in obliquity of about 40 μas for the nutation argument with period −6798.38 days. The structure-dependent amplitudes present a large amplification with respect to the rigid model due to the fluid core resonance. The features of such resonance, however, are different from those found in first-order solutions. The most prominent is that it does not depend directly on the second-order nutation argument but rather on the combination of first-order arguments generating it. It entails that some first-order approaches, like those based on the transfer function, cannot be applied to obtain the second-order contributions.S

La pesca, la sal y el comercio en el Círculo del Estrecho : Estado de la cuestión.

[email protected] travail analyse les sujets qui concernent le rôle de la pêche, ses produits dérivés et industries subordonnées —l’exploitation du sel et la production des amphores pour le transport— dans l’économie de la région du Détroit de Gibraltar, dès l’époque phénicienne et punique jusqu’à la romanisation. Les temples ou les villes et, enfin, l’État romain, ont contrôlé l’exploitation du sel et de la fabrication des récipients destinés au commerce des conserves de poisson, dont les bénéfices devaient être très importants

Asynchronous sensor fusion of GPS, IMU and CAN-based odometry for heavy-duty vehicles

In heavy-duty vehicles, multiple signals are available to estimate the vehicle's kinematics, such as Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Global Positioning System (GPS) and linear and angular speed readings from wheel tachometers on the internal Controller Area Network (CAN). These signals have different noise variance, bandwidth and sampling rate (being the latter, possibly, irregular). In this paper we present a non-linear sensor fusion algorithm allowing asynchronous sampling and non-causal smoothing. It is applied to achieve accuracy improvements when incorporating odometry measurements from CAN bus to standard GPS+IMU kinematic estimation, as well as the robustness against missing data. Our results show that this asynchronous multi-sensor (GPS+IMU+CAN-based odometry) fusion is advantageous in low-speed manoeuvres, improving accuracy and robustness to missing data, thanks to non-causal filtering. The proposed algorithm is based on Extended Kalman Filter and Smoother, with exponential discretization of continuous-time stochastic differential equations, in order to process measurements at arbitrary time instants; it can provide data to subsequent processing steps at arbitrary time instants, not necessarily coincident with the original measurement ones. Given the extra information available in the smoothing case, its estimation performance is less sensitive to the noise-variance parameter setting, compared to causal filtering. Working Matlab code is provided at the end of this work

Limitations of the IAU2000 nutation model accuracy due to the lack of Oppolzer terms of planetary origin

[EN] Context. The current IAU2000 nutation model performed different approximations, one of them being that the Oppolzer terms associated to the planetary perturbations of the nutations were assumed to be smaller than 5 μas and thus were neglected. At present, the uncertainties of the amplitudes of individual components of the observed nutations are better, and the conventional nutation model does not fit the accuracy requirements pursued by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) and the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). Aims. The objective of this work is to estimate the magnitude of the lacking Oppolzer terms of the planetary nutations and find out whether they are still negligible or not. Methods. The Oppolzer terms resulting from the direct and indirect planetary perturbations of the Earth’s rotation have been computed for a two-layer Earth model following the Hamiltonian theory of the non-rigid-Earth. Results. The planetary Oppolzer terms for the non-rigid Earth are not really negligible as believed, and some of them have amplitudes larger than 10 μas, therefore significantly above the current level of uncertainty of individual harmonic constituents. Conclusions. In the short term, the IAU2000 nutation model must be supplemented with suitable corrections accounting for those missing components; its planetary component must be thoroughly revised in the medium term.SIThis work was partly supported by grant AYA2016-79775-P (AEI/FEDER, UE)

Drive Force and Longitudinal Dynamics Estimation in Heavy-Duty Vehicles

Modelling the dynamic behaviour of heavy vehicles, such as buses or trucks, can be very useful for driving simulation and training, autonomous driving, crash analysis, etc. However, dynamic modelling of a vehicle is a difficult task because there are many subsystems and signals that affect its behaviour. In addition, it might be hard to combine data because available signals come at different rates, or even some samples might be missed due to disturbances or communication issues. In this paper, we propose a non-invasive data acquisition hardware/software setup to carry out several experiments with an urban bus, in order to collect data from one of the internal communication networks and other embedded systems. Subsequently, non-conventional sampling data fusion using a Kalman filter has been implemented to fuse data gathered from different sources, connected through a wireless network (the vehicle's internal CAN bus messages, IMU, GPS, and other sensors placed in pedals). Our results show that the proposed combination of experimental data gathering and multi-rate filtering algorithm allows useful signal estimation for vehicle identification and modelling, even when data samples are missing

Study of thermal and rheological properties of PLA loaded with carbon and halloysite nanotubes for additive manufacturing

[EN] Purpose This paper aims to propose using polylactic acid (PLA) as an alternative to nanocomposites in additive manufacturing processes in fusion deposition modelling (FDM) systems and describe its thermal and rheological conditions with multi-wall carbon nanotube (PLA/MWCNT) and halloysite nanotube (PLA/HNT) composites for possible applications in additive manufacturing processes. Design/methodology/approach PLA/MWCNTs and PLA/HNTs were obtained through fusion in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. PLA was mixed with different percentages of MWCNTs and HNTs at concentrations of 0.5 Wt.%, 0.75 Wt.% and 1 Wt.%. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and capillary rheometry were used to characterise these products, together with an analysis of the melt flow index (MFI). Findings The DSC data revealed that the nanocomposites had a glass transition temperature T-g = 65 +/- 2 degrees C and a melting temperature T-m = 169 +/- 1 degrees C. The crystallisation temperature of PLA/MWCNTs and PLA/HNTs was between 107 +/- 2 degrees C and 129 degrees C, respectively. The viscosity data of PLA/MWCNTs and PLA/HNTs obtained by capillary rheometry indicated that the viscosity of the materials is the same as that of neat PLA. These results were confirmed by the higher fluidity index in the MFI analysis. Originality/value This paper presents an alternative for the applications of nanocomposites in additive manufacturing processes in FDM systems.Cobos, CM.; Garzón, L.; López-Martínez, J.; Fenollar, O.; Ferrándiz Bou, S. (2019). Study of thermal and rheological properties of PLA loaded with carbon and halloysite nanotubes for additive manufacturing. Rapid Prototyping Journal. 25(4):738-743. https://doi.org/10.1108/RPJ-11-2018-0289S738743254Altınkaynak, A., Gupta, M., Spalding, M. A., & Crabtree, S. L. (2011). Melting in a Single Screw Extruder: Experiments and 3D Finite Element Simulations. International Polymer Processing, 26(2), 182-196. doi:10.3139/217.2419Berber, S. Kwon, Y.-K. and Tománek, D. (2000), “Unusually high thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes”, available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6595/44a005ba8d622c272d4bf737f12e26f8c415.pdf (accessed 23 February 2019).Carrasco, F., Pagès, P., Gámez-Pérez, J., Santana, O. O., & Maspoch, M. L. (2010). Processing of poly(lactic acid): Characterization of chemical structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95(2), 116-125. doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.11.045Dong, Y., Chaudhary, D., Haroosh, H., & Bickford, T. (2011). Development and characterisation of novel electrospun polylactic acid/tubular clay nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Science, 46(18), 6148-6153. doi:10.1007/s10853-011-5605-6Ferri Azor, J.M., Balart Gimeno, R.A. and Fenollar Gimeno, O. (2017), Desarrollo de formulaciones derivadas de ácido poliláctico (PLA), mediante plastificación e incorporación de aditivos de origen natural, Doctoral Thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, Alcoy.Gao, Y., Picot, O. T., Bilotti, E., & Peijs, T. (2017). Influence of filler size on the properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) nanocomposites. European Polymer Journal, 86, 117-131. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.045Hamad, K., Kaseem, M., & Deri, F. (2011). Melt Rheology of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Low Density Polyethylene Polymer Blends. Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, 01(04), 208-214. doi:10.4236/aces.2011.14030Harris, A. M., & Lee, E. C. (2007). Improving mechanical performance of injection molded PLA by controlling crystallinity. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 107(4), 2246-2255. doi:10.1002/app.27261Kim, S. Y., Shin, K. S., Lee, S. H., Kim, K. W., & Youn, J. R. (2010). Unique crystallization behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotube filled poly(lactic acid). Fibers and Polymers, 11(7), 1018-1023. doi:10.1007/s12221-010-1018-4Li, T., Turng, L.-S., Gong, S., & Erlacher, K. (2006). Polylactide, nanoclay, and core–shell rubber composites. Polymer Engineering & Science, 46(10), 1419-1427. doi:10.1002/pen.20629López, J., Navarro, R., Gallego, J. M., Parres, F., & Ferrandiz, S. (2009). Analysis weld seam weak in blow molding large parts made of commodity plastics. Engineering Failure Analysis, 16(3), 856-862. doi:10.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.07.007Murariu, M., & Dubois, P. (2016). PLA composites: From production to properties. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 107, 17-46. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2016.04.003Richard, T. (2008), “Preparación y caracterización de nanocompuestos en base PLA”, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. available at: http://upcommons.upc.edu/handle/2099.1/4791 (accessed 26 July 2017).Singh, V. P., Vimal, K. K., Kapur, G. S., Sharma, S., & Choudhary, V. (2016). High-density polyethylene/halloysite nanocomposites: morphology and rheological behaviour under extensional and shear flow. Journal of Polymer Research, 23(3). doi:10.1007/s10965-016-0937-1Song, Y., Li, Y., Song, W., Yee, K., Lee, K.-Y., & Tagarielli, V. L. (2017). Measurements of the mechanical response of unidirectional 3D-printed PLA. Materials & Design, 123, 154-164. doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.03.051Suriñach, S., Baro, M.D., Bordas, S., Clavaguera, N. and Clavaguera-mora, M.T. (1992), “La calorimetría diferencial de barrido y su aplicación a la ciencia de materiales”, Vol. 31, available at: http://boletines.secv.es/upload/199231011.pdf (accessed: 26 July 2017).Wu, W., Cao, X., Zhang, Y., & He, G. (2013). Polylactide/halloysite nanotube nanocomposites: Thermal, mechanical properties, and foam processing. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 130(1), 443-452. doi:10.1002/app.39179Yuan, P., Tan, D., & Annabi-Bergaya, F. (2015). Properties and applications of halloysite nanotubes: recent research advances and future prospects. Applied Clay Science, 112-113, 75-93. doi:10.1016/j.clay.2015.05.00

New Materials for 3D-Printing Based on Polycaprolactone with Gum Rosin and Beeswax as Additives

[EN] In this work, different materials for three-dimensional (3D)-printing were studied, which based on polycaprolactone with two natural additives, gum rosin, and beeswax. During the 3D-printing process, the bed and extrusion temperatures of each formulation were established. After, the obtained materials were characterized by mechanical, thermal, and structural properties. The results showed that the formulation with containing polycaprolactone with a mixture of gum rosin and beeswax as additive behaved better during the 3D-printing process. Moreover, the miscibility and compatibility between the additives and the matrix were concluded through the thermal assessment. The mechanical characterization established that the addition of the mixture of gum rosin and beeswax provides greater tensile strength than those additives separately, facilitating 3D-printing. In contrast, the addition of beeswax increased the ductility of the material, which makes the 3D-printing processing difficult. Despite the fact that both natural additives had a plasticizing effect, the formulations containing gum rosin showed greater elongation at break. Finally, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy assessment deduced that polycaprolactone interacts with the functional groups of the additives.This research was supported by the Spanish State Agency of Research trough the project MAT2017-84909-C2-2-R and Universidad Politecnica de Valencia-GVA through the project "Development".Pavón-Vargas, CP.; Aldas-Carrasco, MF.; López-Martínez, J.; Ferrándiz Bou, S. (2020). New Materials for 3D-Printing Based on Polycaprolactone with Gum Rosin and Beeswax as Additives. Polymers. 12(2):1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020334S120122Zhu, Y., Romain, C., & Williams, C. K. (2016). Sustainable polymers from renewable resources. Nature, 540(7633), 354-362. doi:10.1038/nature21001Aldas, M., Paladines, A., Valle, V., Pazmiño, M., & Quiroz, F. (2018). Effect of the Prodegradant-Additive Plastics Incorporated on the Polyethylene Recycling. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2018, 1-10. doi:10.1155/2018/2474176Our Planet Is Drowning in Plastic Pollution https://www.unenvironment.org/interactive/beat-plastic-pollution/Queiroz, A. U. B., & Collares-Queiroz, F. P. (2009). Innovation and Industrial Trends in Bioplastics. Polymer Reviews, 49(2), 65-78. doi:10.1080/15583720902834759Johnson, M., Tucker, N., Barnes, S., & Kirwan, K. (2005). Improvement of the impact performance of a starch based biopolymer via the incorporation of Miscanthus giganteus fibres. Industrial Crops and Products, 22(3), 175-186. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.08.004Lagaron, J. M., & Lopez-Rubio, A. (2011). Nanotechnology for bioplastics: opportunities, challenges and strategies. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 22(11), 611-617. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2011.01.007Arrieta, M. P., Samper, M. D., Jiménez-López, M., Aldas, M., & López, J. (2017). Combined effect of linseed oil and gum rosin as natural additives for PVC. Industrial Crops and Products, 99, 196-204. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.02.009Wilbon, P. A., Chu, F., & Tang, C. (2012). Progress in Renewable Polymers from Natural Terpenes, Terpenoids, and Rosin. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 34(1), 8-37. doi:10.1002/marc.201200513Narayanan, M., Loganathan, S., Valapa, R. B., Thomas, S., & Varghese, T. O. (2017). UV protective poly(lactic acid)/rosin films for sustainable packaging. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 99, 37-45. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.152Kouparitsas, I. K., Mele, E., & Ronca, S. (2019). Synthesis and Electrospinning of Polycaprolactone from an Aluminium-Based Catalyst: Influence of the Ancillary Ligand and Initiators on Catalytic Efficiency and Fibre Structure. Polymers, 11(4), 677. doi:10.3390/polym11040677Labet, M., & Thielemans, W. (2009). Synthesis of polycaprolactone: a review. Chemical Society Reviews, 38(12), 3484. doi:10.1039/b820162pWoodruff, M. A., & Hutmacher, D. W. (2010). The return of a forgotten polymer—Polycaprolactone in the 21st century. Progress in Polymer Science, 35(10), 1217-1256. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002Yao, K., & Tang, C. (2013). Controlled Polymerization of Next-Generation Renewable Monomers and Beyond. Macromolecules, 46(5), 1689-1712. doi:10.1021/ma3019574Termentzi, A., Fokialakis, N., & Leandros Skaltsounis, A. (2011). Natural Resins and Bioactive Natural Products thereof as Potential Anitimicrobial Agents. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 17(13), 1267-1290. doi:10.2174/138161211795703807Savluchinske-Feio, S., Curto, M. J. M., Gigante, B., & Roseiro, J. C. (2006). Antimicrobial activity of resin acid derivatives. 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Materials Science and Technology, 18(4), 463-467. doi:10.1179/026708302225001714Gaillard, Y., Mija, A., Burr, A., Darque-Ceretti, E., Felder, E., & Sbirrazzuoli, N. (2011). Green material composites from renewable resources: Polymorphic transitions and phase diagram of beeswax/rosin resin. Thermochimica Acta, 521(1-2), 90-97. doi:10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.010Gaillard, Y., Girard, M., Monge, G., Burr, A., Ceretti, E. D., & Felder, E. (2012). Superplastic behavior of rosin/beeswax blends at room temperature. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 128(5), 2713-2719. doi:10.1002/app.38333Chang, R., Rohindra, D., Lata, R., Kuboyama, K., & Ougizawa, T. (2018). Development of poly(ε-caprolactone)/pine resin blends: Study of thermal, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties. Polymer Engineering & Science, 59(s2), E32-E41. doi:10.1002/pen.24950Moustafa, H., El Kissi, N., Abou-Kandil, A. I., Abdel-Aziz, M. S., & Dufresne, A. (2017). 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W., & Redfern, J. P. (1963). Thermogravimetric analysis. A review. The Analyst, 88(1053), 906. doi:10.1039/an9638800906Eshraghi, S., & Das, S. (2010). Mechanical and microstructural properties of polycaprolactone scaffolds with one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional orthogonally oriented porous architectures produced by selective laser sintering. Acta Biomaterialia, 6(7), 2467-2476. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.02.002Jindal, R., Sharma, R., Maiti, M., Kaur, A., Sharma, P., Mishra, V., & Jana, A. K. (2016). Synthesis and characterization of novel reduced Gum rosin-acrylamide copolymer-based nanogel and their investigation for antibacterial activity. Polymer Bulletin, 74(8), 2995-3014. doi:10.1007/s00289-016-1877-yElzein, T., Nasser-Eddine, M., Delaite, C., Bistac, S., & Dumas, P. (2004). FTIR study of polycaprolactone chain organization at interfaces. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 273(2), 381-387. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2004.02.001Amin, M., Putra, N., Kosasih, E. A., Prawiro, E., Luanto, R. A., & Mahlia, T. M. I. (2017). Thermal properties of beeswax/graphene phase change material as energy storage for building applications. Applied Thermal Engineering, 112, 273-280. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.10.085Aldas, M., Rayón, E., López-Martínez, J., & Arrieta, M. P. (2020). A Deeper Microscopic Study of the Interaction between Gum Rosin Derivatives and a Mater-Bi Type Bioplastic. Polymers, 12(1), 226. doi:10.3390/polym12010226Vasile, C., Stoleru, E., Darie-Niţa, R. N., Dumitriu, R. P., Pamfil, D., & Tarţau, L. (2019). Biocompatible Materials Based on Plasticized Poly(lactic acid), Chitosan and Rosemary Ethanolic Extract I. Effect of Chitosan on the Properties of Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) Materials. Polymers, 11(6), 941. doi:10.3390/polym11060941Fabra, M. J., Jiménez, A., Atarés, L., Talens, P., & Chiralt, A. (2009). Effect of Fatty Acids and Beeswax Addition on Properties of Sodium Caseinate Dispersions and Films. 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Journal of Food Engineering, 93(1), 80-88. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.01.00