Highly differentiated "Topaz" rhyolite in the high plateau province of southern Peru

High-silica rhyolite is present in various parts of southern Perú. Rhyolite from two localites, the Cailloma caldera and the newly recognized Río Chalhuanca dome field, both in Arequipa Department, belong to the group of "topaz" rhyolites well known in the eastern and central parts ofthe Great Basin and New Mexico, Western U.S., and in many localities in Mexico ( e.g., Christian sen et al., Geol. S oc. Am. Spec. Paper 205). The Peruvian occurrences may be the first topaz rhyolites recognized in South America

Ash-flow sheets of early Miocene and early Pliocene age are present in the Castillo de Callalli, Arequipa Department, southern Perú

Two ash-flow sheets of markedly different age and petrography are exposed in the Castillo de Callalli. The lower, phenocryst-rich ash-flow sheet of low-silica rhyolite has a K-Ar age of 20.7 -+ 0.6 Ma. The overlying ash-flow sheet is composed of sanidine-bearing high-silica rhyolite. An 40Ar/39Ar age of 4.72 +- 0.02 Ma and petrographic characteristics show that the unit is almost certainly the lower ash-flow sheet of the Cailloma Tuff, which in adjacent quadrangles has been mapped variously as Fm. Sencca, Fm. Garza, Fm. Yauri, and Ignimbrita Acopata

Spontaneous photosensitization by Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae), in sheep from Northwestern Argentina

Heterophyllaea pustulata Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) is a phototoxic plant. It grows in the Andean area of northwest of Argentina, and it causes significant economic losses in the livestock. This plant induces dermal lesions by photosensitization probably due to its content of photosensitizing anthraquinones. This paper describes an outbreak of poisoning in Corriedale sheepfold, which had an incidence of 49%. Ear skin biopsies and blood samples were collected of six affected animals. Liver enzymes remained within the reference limits. Histopathologically, a deep necrotizing dermatitis was identified in all samples. H. pustulata was identified in the areas of grazing. Anthraquinone concentration in leaves was 0.84% p/p, expressed as rubiadin. All findings allow us to conclude that the diagnosis is a primary photosensitization. Huge regional economic losses could be attributed to H. pustulata poisoning, although its toxicity has been little studied.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Morfoanatomía foliar y caulinar de Heterophyllaea pustulata (Rubiaceae)

Introducción y Objetivos: Heterophyllaea pustulata (Rubiaceae) crece en el noroeste argentino. Tiene importancia ganadera debido a que produce fotosensibilización en el ganado que la consume. Es por ello que se plantea estudiar la morfoanatomía foliar y caulinar de la especie con el objeto de determinar caracteres estructurales que faciliten la identificación de la planta. M&M: Se tomaron y estudiaron hojas y tallos de plantas adultas jóvenes y plántulas obtenidas a través de cultivos in vitro, mediante técnicas histológicas convencionales. Se presentan imágenes obtenidas con microscopio óptico y electrónico de barrido. Resultados: Los resultados indican que la especie estudiada comparte caracteres morfológicos y anatómicos con otras especies de Rubiaceae, aunque presenta otras que no fueron descritas anteriormente, tales como la epidermis con cutícula estriada y la anatomia del tallo. Conclusiones: Los caracteres diagnósticos que facilitan la identificación de la especie son: margen microdenticulado de la lámina, epidermis con cutícula estriada en hojas y tallos jóvenes, tricomas simples eglandulares, mesófilo con rafidios y drusas, además de las cavidades lisígenas en todos los órganos de la planta.Background and aims: Heterophyllaea pustulata (Rubiaceae) grows in northwestern Argentina. It has livestock importance because it produces photosensitization in the cattle that consume it. That is why it is proposed to study the foliar and caulinar morpho-anatomy of the species in order to determine structural characters that facilitate the identification of the plant.M&M: Leaves and stems of young adult plants and seedlings obtained through in vitrocultures were taken and studied by conventional histological techniques. Images obtained with optical and scanning electron microscopy are presented.Results: The results indicate that the studied species have morphological and anatomical characters similar to other species of Rubiaceae, although it presents others that were not previously described, such as the structure of the epidermis with striated cuticle and the anatomy of the stem.Conclusions: It is found that the diagnostic characters that facilitate the identification of the plant are: microdenticulated margin of the lamina, epidermis with striated cuticle in leaves and young stems, simple eglandular trichomes, mesophyll with raphides and druses, in addition to the lysigenous cavities in all the organs of the plant.Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco SemiáridoFil: Gallardo, Silvana C. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Alemán, María M. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Avilés, Zulma J. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal Chaco Semiarido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal Chaco Semiarido. Grupo de Patología, Epidemiología e Investigación Diagnóstica-Área de Sanidad Animal; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Olga Gladys. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; Argentin

Hallazgos histopatológicos e histomorfométricos en glándula tiroidea de fetos y neonatos bovinos con bocio congénito

PosterSe define como bocio al agrandamiento no inflamatorio, no neoplásico, de la glándula tiroides. En el Noroeste Argentino(NOA) la causa más frecuente de bocio es la carencia de yodo(I), confrecuencia asociado al déficit de selenio(Se). En este trabajo evaluamos una serie de casos de bocio congénito recibidos durante el periodo 2014-2020 en el laboratorio del Servicio Veterinario Especializado de Diagnóstico INTA-Salta.Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco SemiáridoFil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Colque Caro, Luis Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido. Área de Investigación en Salud Animal; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre Castro, Laura Sabrina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre Castro, Laura Sabrina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; ArgentinaFil: Avellaneda Cáceres, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Avellaneda Cáceres, Agustín. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; ArgentinaFil: Acuña, F. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acuña, F. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Barbeito, C.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barbeito, C. Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP); ArgentinaFil: Moore, Prando Dadin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Moore, Prando Dadin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación Animal del Chaco Semiárido; ArgentinaFil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Photovoltaic system grid-connected with active power filter functions for mitigate current harmonics feeding nonlinear loads

In this article a photovoltaic system with active power filter functions is proposed in order to mitigate current harmonics generated by a nonlinear load, connected to the point of common coupling. The modeling and control of the photovoltaic system is developed. It is used the proportional resonant controller to control the current injected into the electrical grid. Also, the THD of grid current is analyzed to verify the effect of compensating current generated by the photovoltaic inverter. The simulations were performed using the Matlab/Simulink software considering three different loads: R load, rectifier with RL and RC load, and these results validate the proposed system13th IEEE International conference on industry applications (induscon

Fault-Tolerant Strategy for the MMC-Based PV System With Faults Detection and Converter Reconfiguration Using Permutation Algorithms

The modular multilevel converter has gained popularity in various applications, including photovoltaic (PV) solar energy conversion. Its modular structure allows for the transformation of an MMC into an MMC-based photovoltaic system, sharing key operational characteristics such as modularity, flexibility, redundancy, increased efficiency, and fault tolerance. To ensure the reliability and uninterrupted operation of the modified MMC, even in the event of potential failures in the photovoltaic submodules (PVSMs), a fault-tolerant strategy is developed in this study. It assumes that the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of the PVSMs is already guaranteed. Redundant submodules (rSM) are utilized to maintain power balance between the converter arms through voltage control, while reserve submodules (RSMs) are in place to rescue the converter in case of a failure. The detection and localization of faults in the PVSMs/rSMs are achieved through sliding mode observers (SMOs), and the converter reconfiguration is carried out using the proposed permutation algorithms for switching signals and SMs voltages. For precise control of the output current and electrical grid connection, the $dq$ -reference frame control method is employed. To validate these proposed algorithms, time-domain simulations are conducted using the Simulink/Matlab software

Photosensitization Induced by Heterophyllaea pustulata in Goats: Sequential Development of Skin Lesions

Five adult Saanen goats received a single oral dose of Heterophyllaea pustulata containing 42.25 μg/kg rubiadin (anthraquinone) and 3 adult goats were untreated controls. All goats were exposed to sunlight and sequential ear skin biopsies were collected before treatment and at 32 hours, 3 days, 8 days, and 15 days after treatment. Changes at 32 hours after dosing included epidermal spongiosis, single cell death and acantholysis, an increased BAX/BCL-2 protein ratio, and dermal edema. Lesions at day 3 included epidermal and adnexal necrosis, crust formation, and acanthosis. Acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and dermal fibrosis and neovascularization were present at day 15. The pro-apoptotic (BAX)/anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) protein ratio increased at 32 hours, whereas epidermal and dermal PCNA immunolabeling increased between days 8 and 15 after treatment. The cutaneous lesions were consistent with sunlight-induced damage, and the occurrence in treated but not control goats indicates photosensitization.Estación Experimental Agropecuaria SaltaFil: Micheloud, Juan Francisco. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Salta, Argentina.Fil: Luján, Lluís. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Colque-Caro, Luis A. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; Argentina. Universidad Católica de Salta, Argentina.Fil: Múñez-Montoya, Susana C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Barbeito, Claudio G. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Portiansky, Enrique L. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Gimeno, Eduardo J. Universidad Nacional de La Plata;Argentina