6 research outputs found
Long Cycles in a Perturbed Mean Field Model of a Boson Gas
In this paper we give a precise mathematical formulation of the relation
between Bose condensation and long cycles and prove its validity for the
perturbed mean field model of a Bose gas. We decompose the total density
into the number density of
particles belonging to cycles of finite length () and to
infinitely long cycles () in the thermodynamic limit. For
this model we prove that when there is Bose condensation,
is different from zero and identical to the condensate density. This is
achieved through an application of the theory of large deviations. We discuss
the possible equivalence of with off-diagonal long
range order and winding paths that occur in the path integral representation of
the Bose gas.Comment: 10 page
Fc-Optimized Anti-CD25 Depletes Tumor-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells and Synergizes with PD-1 Blockade to Eradicate Established Tumors
CD25 is expressed at high levels on regulatory T (Treg) cells and was initially proposed as a target for cancer immunotherapy. However, anti-CD25 antibodies have displayed limited activity against established tumors. We demonstrated that CD25 expression is largely restricted to tumor-infiltrating Treg cells in mice and humans. While existing anti-CD25 antibodies were observed to deplete Treg cells in the periphery, upregulation of the inhibitory Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) IIb at the tumor site prevented intra-tumoral Treg cell depletion, which may underlie the lack of anti-tumor activity previously observed in pre-clinical models. Use of an anti-CD25 antibody with enhanced binding to activating FcγRs led to effective depletion of tumor-infiltrating Treg cells, increased effector to Treg cell ratios, and improved control of established tumors. Combination with anti-programmed cell death protein-1 antibodies promoted complete tumor rejection, demonstrating the relevance of CD25 as a therapeutic target and promising substrate for future combination approaches in immune-oncology
The Approximating Hamiltonian Method for the Imperfect Boson Gas
7 pagesThe pressure for the Imperfect (Mean Field) Boson gas can be derived in several ways. The aim of the present note is to provide a new method based on the Approximating Hamiltonian argument which is extremely simple and very general