Organización criminal de robo y hurto de vehículos en El Callao-2021

La presente investigación es manifestada, con los resultados que se ha podido recoger y verificar la información de lo que acontece en estos días sobre el la organización del crimen organizado del hurto, robo de autopartes y automóviles, Distrito del callao durante el periodo 2021, infringiendo la ley donde se encuentra la modalidad en las acciones jurídicas que se realiza, lo que para la presente investigación se recurrió a muchos medios donde se proporción la información correcta de las cantidad de y modalidades que utilizan el crimen organizado dentro de la jurisdicción del Callao. El índice de denuncia hasta la fecha que se da en la comisaria el callao y la unidad de robo de vehículos, indican ha aumentado por la misma razón que no hay personal para patrullar en las noches y están limitados del crimen organizado, realice los actos delincuenciales, donde la población del callao en el periodo 2021, esta perjudicada con los robos, hurtos, robo de auto partes, estas que tiene cargo el crimen organizado. De acuerdo a los encuestados las redes sociales en muy importante para ver la incidencia de todo que sucede en el distrito del callao en el periodo 2021, sobre el robo y hurto de vehículos de vehículo, ayuda para denunciar donde se está realizando los robos de vehículos y ver así donde son los lugares más frecuentes de dichos actos, Algunos encuestados indicaron que no denunciaron su robo de vehículo, por el mismo hecho de tener desconfianza en las autoridades y sobre todo a la policía. Si realmente nos enfocamos dentro del contexto del hurto robo de vehículo por las organizaciones criminales, vemos que el impacto económico para recuperar los vehículos robados, la encuestada recuperación y gastos para el arreglo del vehículo al final tiene un costo de 2500 y 4000.The present investigation is manifested, with the results that it has been possible to collect and verify the information of what is happening these days about the organized crime organization of theft, theft of auto parts and automobiles, Callao District during the period 2021, infringing the law where the modality in the legal actions that is carried out is found, which for the present investigation was resorted to many means where the correct information was provided on the amount of and modalities used by organized crime within the jurisdiction of Callao. The rate of complaints to date that occurs in the Callao police station and the vehicle theft unit, indicate that it has increased for the same reason that there are no personnel to patrol at night and they are limited to organized crime, carry out criminal acts , where the population of Callao in the period 2021, is harmed by robberies, thefts, theft of auto parts, these are in charge of organized crime. According to those surveyed, social networks are very important to see the incidence of everything that happens in the Callao district in the period 2021, about the theft and theft of vehicles, help to report where vehicle thefts are being carried out and to see where the most frequent places of such acts are, Some respondents indicated that they did not report their vehicle theft, due to the very fact of distrusting the authorities and especially the police. If we really focus within the context of vehicle theft by criminal organizations, we see that the economic impact to recover stolen vehicles, the respondent recovery and expenses for the repair of the vehicle in the end has a cost of 2500 and 4000

Airframe Integrity Based on Bayesian Approach

Aircraft aging has become an immense challenge in terms of ensuring the safety of the fleet while controlling life cycle costs. One of the major concerns in aircraft structures is the development of fatigue cracks in the fastener holes. A probabilistic-based method has been proposed to manage this problem. In this research, the Bayes' theorem is used to assess airframe integrity by updating generic data with airframe inspection data while such data are compiled. This research discusses the methodology developed for assessment of loss of airframe integrity due to fatigue cracking in the fastener holes of an aging platform. The methodology requires a probability density function (pdf) at the end of SAFE life. Subsequently, a crack growth regime begins. As the Bayesian analysis requires information of a prior initial crack size pdf, such a pdf is assumed and verified to be lognormally distributed. The prior distribution of crack size as cracks grow is modeled through a combined Inverse Power Law (IPL) model and lognormal relationships. The first set of inspections is used as the evidence for updating the crack size distribution at the various stages of aircraft life. Moreover, the materials used in the structural part of the aircrafts have variations in their properties due to their calibration errors and machine alignment. A Matlab routine (PCGROW) is developed to calculate the crack distribution growth through three different crack growth models. As the first step, the material properties and the initial crack size are sampled. A standard Monte Carlo simulation is employed for this sampling process. At the corresponding aircraft age, the crack observed during the inspections, is used to update the crack size distribution and proceed in time. After the updating, it is possible to estimate the probability of structural failure as a function of flight hours for a given aircraft in the future. The results show very accurate and useful values related to the reliability and integrity of airframes in aging aircrafts. Inspection data shown in this dissertation are not the actual data from known aircrafts and are only used to demonstrate the methodologies

Endophthalmitis following penetrating eye injuries

Postinjury endophthalmitis is the eye infection with the worst prognosis. A retrospective 9-year study was made of penetrating eye injuries, with an analysis of the incidence of infection and its relation to the type of wound and the presence of intraocular foreign bodies. There were 403 cases of penetrating eye injury; of these, 233 affected the cornea and 170 involved the posterior pole. Intraocular foreign bodies were present in 40 cases. Endophthalmitis developed in 4.2% of cases (17/403), and was more common in patients with posterior pole involvement (7%) than in purely corneal trauma (2.1%) (p = 0.03, Chi-square). Infection was in turn more frequent in the presence of intraocular foreign bodies (15%) (p = 0.17, Chi-square). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common cause (23.4%), while in three cases (17.6%) mixed infection was detected. The visual results were evisceration or non-perception of light in 82.3% of cases

IN VITRO EQUIVALENCE STUDY OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF CARBAMAZEPINE REFERENCE TABLETS USING USP APPARATUSES 2 AND 4

Objective: To perform an in vitro equivalence study of two doses of carbamazepine reference tablets sold in the local market under hydrodynamic conditions of USP Apparatus 4, a dissolution apparatus that better simulates the human gastrointestinal tract. Results were compared with dissolution official conditions using USP Apparatus 2. Methods: Dissolution profiles of both formulations were carried out with an automated USP Apparatus 2 at 75 rpm and 900 ml of dissolution medium. USP Apparatus 4 with laminar flow at 16 ml/min and 22.6 mm cells were used. 1% lauryl sulfate aqueous solution at 37.0±0.5 °C was used as dissolution medium. Spectrophotometric determination of drug at 285 nm was carried out during 60 min. Dissolution profiles were compared with model-independent and-dependent approaches. Results: When comparing dissolution profiles of low vs. high dose similar profiles were found (f2>50) in each dissolution apparatus, however, when the same dose was compared, USP 2 vs. USP 4, opposite results were obtained. Comparison of mean dissolution time and dissolution efficiency data corroborates these results. Weibull function was the best mathematical model that described the in vitro dissolution performance of carbamazepine. No significant differences were found in Td values (low vs. high dose) but opposite results were also found with USP 2 vs. USP 4. Conclusion: Equivalent dissolution performance of two doses of carbamazepine reference tablets were found in each USP dissolution apparatus. The main problem identified in this comparative study is the low dissolution rate and extent found with USP Apparatus 4. More research on this field is necessary for all available doses of reference drug products since the quality of generic formulations depends on the quality of references

INFLUENCE OF DOSE AND USP DISSOLUTION APPARATUS IN THE RELEASE PERFORMANCE OF REFERENCE TABLETS: PROPRANOLOL-HCl AND RANITIDINE-HCl CASES

Objective: Due to quality of generic formulations depends on available information of reference drug products the aim of this work was to perform an in vitro dissolution study of two doses of propranolol-HCl and ranitidine-HCl reference tablets using USP basket or paddle apparatus and flow-through cell method. Methods: Two doses of propranolol-HCl (10-mg and 80-mg) and ranitidine-HCl (150-mg and 300-mg) of Mexican reference products were used. Dissolution profiles of propranolol-HCl were obtained with USP basket apparatus at 100 rpm and 1000 ml of 1% hydrochloric acid. Profiles of ranitidine-HCl were determined with USP paddle apparatus at 50 rpm and 900 ml of distilled water. All formulations were also studied with the flow-through cell method using laminar flow at 16 ml/min. Dissolution profiles were compared by model-independent (f2 similarity factor, mean dissolution time and dissolution efficiency) and model-dependent methods (dissolution data adjusted to some mathematical equations). Time data, derived from these adjustments, as t50%, t63.25%, and t85% were used to compare dissolution profiles. Results: With all approaches used and being high solubility drugs significant differences were found between low and high doses and between USP dissolution apparatuses (*P<0.05). Conclusion: In vitro dissolution performance of two doses of propranolol-HCl and ranitidine-HCl was not expected. Considering the same USP dissolution apparatus, the reference tablets did not allow the simultaneous release of the used doses. The results could be of interest for pharmaceutical laboratories or health authorities that classify some drug products as a reference to be used in dissolution and bioequivalence studies

Aplicación del lean office para mejorar la satisfacción del cliente en la empresa Comphill S.A., Trujillo 2023

En la presente investigación busca mejorar la satisfacción del cliente por la atención de las áreas administrativas de la empresa COMPHILL S.A mediante la implementación de la metodología lean office y sus herramientas de mejora del VSM y las 5S,El estudio fue tipo aplicado, con un enfoque cuantitativo ,con una población de 500 clientes que adquieren los servicios pertinentes de acorde a sus requerimientos dentro de la empresa, como resultados se obtuvo que la satisfacción de los clientes por la atención de las áreas administrativas, mejoro de forma significativa en los tramites documentarios, evidenciando la implementación de esta metodología donde la muestra conformada por 50 clientes encuestados, se identificó como la satisfacción aumento desde un 20% a un 92%, esto adecuado al tiempo de aplicación, la razón de cambio fue significativa, porque establece una mejora de 72% en criterios de aceptación sobre el servicio brindado. Así mismo logramos identificar que las buenas prácticas laborales hacen fortalecer la estructura de la empresa COMPHILL S.A. y a su vez se mejora la satisfacción de los clientes según sus necesidades diarias

Automatic classification of human facial features based on their appearance

[EN] Classification or typology systems used to categorize different human body parts have existed for many years. Nevertheless, there are very few taxonomies of facial features. Ergonomics, forensic anthropology, crime prevention or new human-machine interaction systems and online activities, like e-commerce, e-learning, games, dating or social networks, are fields in which classifications of facial features are useful, for example, to create digital interlocutors that optimize the interactions between human and machines. However, classifying isolated facial features is difficult for human observers. Previous works reported low inter-observer and intra-observer agreement in the evaluation of facial features. This work presents a computer-based procedure to automatically classify facial features based on their global appearance. This procedure deals with the difficulties associated with classifying features using judgements from human observers, and facilitates the development of taxonomies of facial features. Taxonomies obtained through this procedure are presented for eyes, mouths and noses.Fuentes-Hurtado, F.; Diego-Mas, JA.; Naranjo Ornedo, V.; Alcañiz Raya, ML. (2019). Automatic classification of human facial features based on their appearance. PLoS ONE. 14(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211314S120141Damasio, A. R. (1985). Prosopagnosia. Trends in Neurosciences, 8, 132-135. doi:10.1016/0166-2236(85)90051-7Bruce, V., & Young, A. (1986). Understanding face recognition. British Journal of Psychology, 77(3), 305-327. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1986.tb02199.xTodorov, A. (2011). Evaluating Faces on Social Dimensions. Social Neuroscience, 54-76. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195316872.003.0004Little, A. C., Burriss, R. P., Jones, B. C., & Roberts, S. C. (2007). 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The Influence of Each Facial Feature on How We Perceive and Interpret Human Faces

[EN] Facial information is processed by our brain in such a way that we immediately make judgments about, for example, attractiveness or masculinity or interpret personality traits or moods of other people. The appearance of each facial feature has an effect on our perception of facial traits. This research addresses the problem of measuring the size of these effects for five facial features (eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth, and jaw). Our proposal is a mixed feature-based and image-based approach that allows judgments to be made on complete real faces in the categorization tasks, more than on synthetic, noisy, or partial faces that can influence the assessment. Each facial feature of the faces is automatically classified considering their global appearance using principal component analysis. Using this procedure, we establish a reduced set of relevant specific attributes (each one describing a complete facial feature) to characterize faces. In this way, a more direct link can be established between perceived facial traits and what people intuitively consider an eye, an eyebrow, a nose, a mouth, or a jaw. A set of 92 male faces were classified using this procedure, and the results were related to their scores in 15 perceived facial traits. We show that the relevant features greatly depend on what we are trying to judge. Globally, the eyes have the greatest effect. However, other facial features are more relevant for some judgments like the mouth for happiness and femininity or the nose for dominance.This study was carried out using the Chicago Face Database developed at the University of Chicago by Debbie S. Ma, Joshua Correll, and Bernd Wittenbrink.Diego-Mas, JA.; Fuentes-Hurtado, FJ.; Naranjo Ornedo, V.; Alcañiz Raya, ML. (2020). The Influence of Each Facial Feature on How We Perceive and Interpret Human Faces. i-Perception. 11(5):1-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041669520961123S118115Ahonen, T., Hadid, A., & Pietikainen, M. (2006). Face Description with Local Binary Patterns: Application to Face Recognition. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 28(12), 2037-2041. doi:10.1109/tpami.2006.244Axelrod, V., & Yovel, G. (2010). External facial features modify the representation of internal facial features in the fusiform face area. NeuroImage, 52(2), 720-725. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.04.027Belhumeur, P. N., Hespanha, J. P., & Kriegman, D. J. (1997). Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: recognition using class specific linear projection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 19(7), 711-720. doi:10.1109/34.598228Biederman, I. (1987). Recognition-by-components: A theory of human image understanding. 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Descripción de las medidas laborales adoptadas ante la pandemia Covid-19 en Colombia: características y alcance

With the declaration of a health emergency in the face of the global Covid-19 pandemic, the government began to implement a series of measures to mitigate the risk of contagion, with significant consequences in the economic sector, especially in labor matters. This article describes the labor regulations issued during the year 2020, characterizing their scope and affected actors. For this, a qualitative methodology was used through documentary analysis, with national regulations as the main unit of analysis, and research on labor measures at the international level as comparative sources. The results of the analysis allow us to arrive at a conceptual map represented by the regulations in the categories of labor and fiscal protection, from which classification by actors/beneficiaries and a comparison with the main measures in the central regions of the world are derived, identifying that the measures did not reach the expected effectiveness given the high rates of unemployment and informality that have been maintained since 2020 to date.Con la declaratoria de la emergencia sanitaria ante la pandemia mundial por Covid-19, el gobierno empezó a implementar una serie de medidas para mitigar el riesgo de contagio, con grandes consecuencias en el sector económico, especialmente en materia laboral. Este artículo describe la normatividad laboral expedida durante el año 2020, realizando una caracterización frente a su alcance y actores afectados. Para ello, se utilizó una metodología cualitativa mediante análisis documental, con la normatividad nacional como unidad de análisis principal, e investigaciones sobre medidas laborales a nivel internacional como fuentes comparativas. Los resultados del análisis permiten llegar a un mapa conceptual representado por la normatividad en las categorías de protección laboral y fiscal, de la que se derivan clasificación por actores/beneficiarios y un comparativo con las principales medidas en las principales regiones del mundo, identificando que las medidas no alcanzaron la efectividad esperada dadas las altas tasas de desempleo e informalidad que se mantienen desde el año 2020 a la fecha.Com a declaração de emergência sanitária face à pandemia global por Covid-19, o Governo passou a implementar um conjunto de medidas para mitigar o risco de contágio, com grandes consequências no setor económico, sobretudo em matéria laboral. Este artigo descreve os regulamentos trabalhistas emitidos durante o ano de 2020, fazendo uma caracterização quanto ao seu alcance e atores afetados. Para isso, utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa por meio da análise documental, tendo como principal unidade de análise as normativas nacionais, e a pesquisa sobre medidas trabalhistas em nível internacional como fontes comparativas. Os resultados da análise permitem chegar a um mapa conceitual representado pelas regulamentações nas categorias de proteção trabalhista e fiscal, do qual deriva a classificação por atores/beneficiários e uma comparação com as principais medidas nas principais regiões do mundo, identificando que as medidas não atingiram a efetividade esperada dados os altos índices de desemprego e informalidade que se mantêm desde 2020 até o momento

When climate change couples social neglect: malaria dynamics in Panama

A major challenge of infectious disease elimination is the need to interrupt pathogen transmission across all vulnerable populations. Ethnic minorities are among the key vulnerable groups deserving special attention in disease elimination initiatives, especially because their lifestyle might be intrinsically linked to locations with high transmission risk. There has been a renewed interest in malaria elimination, which has ignited a quest to understand factors necessary for sustainable malaria elimination, highlighting the need for diverse approaches to address epidemiological heterogeneity across malaria transmission settings. An analysis of malaria incidence among the Guna Amerindians of Panama over the last 34 years showed that this ethnic minority was highly vulnerable to changes that were assumed to not impact malaria transmission. Epidemic outbreaks were linked with El Nino Southern Oscillations and were sensitive to political instability and policy changes that did not ensure adequate attention to the malaria control needs of the Gunas. Our results illustrate how the neglect of minorities poses a threat to the sustainable control and eventual elimination of malaria in Central America and other areas where ethnic minorities do not share the benefits of malaria control strategies intended for dominant ethnic groups