La Atención Psicológica desde la Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED): el Servicio de Psicología Aplicada (SPA)

The Servicio de Psicología Aplicada (SPA) is a psychological service of open university in Spain (UNED). This service has professional, teaching, and research functions. Specially, the aim of this service is the training of novel psychologists in Spanish university context. The present paper describes the structure and dynamic of SPA and we show different contents regarding to historical aspects, stuff, activities and resources. Moreover, we include some data about, services, customer profile, and requests. Finally, limitations and future aims are shown.ResumenEl Servicio de Psicología Aplicada de la UNED es una unidad psicológica con una doble función: la formación de futuros psicólogos y la atención psicológica mediante la realización del ejercicio profesional supervisado. El presente trabajo describe la organización y funcionamiento de este Servicio. Se expone un breve recorrido histórico desde sus inicios, las unidades organizativas que lo componen, la dinámica de funcionamiento y las actividades desempeñadas. Además, se recogen algunos datos cuantitativos de la atención realizada, el perfil de sus usuarios y sus principales demandas. Finalmente, se mencionan algunos de los propósitos futuros más inmediatos.AbstractThe Servicio de Psicología Aplicada (SPA) is a psychological service of open university in Spain (UNED). This service has professional, teaching, and research functions. Specially, the aim of this service is the training of novel psychologists in Spanish university context. The present paper describes the structure and dynamic of SPA and we show different contents regarding to historical aspects, stuff, activities and resources. Moreover, we include some data about, services, customer profile, and requests. Finally, limitations and future aims are shown

Procesos de subsidencias en la ciudad de Toluca y alrededores asociadas a la sobreexplotación de los mantos acuíferos. una aproximación a partir de correlación de técnicas radar y datos geológicos superficiales

El crecimiento urbano desmedido en México ha causado diversos impactos negativos en el ambiente. Entre los problemas ambientales más sentidos en la sociedad es la escasez de agua. La Ciudad de Toluca se encuentra asentada sobre el Acuífero del Valle de Toluca (AVT), siendo considerado el segundo más sobreexplotado de México debido a la cantidad de población que depende de su aprovechamiento. En el presente trabajo se empleó una técnica de Interferometría de Radar (InSAR), conocida como Persistent Scatterer (PS) para la evaluación multitemporal (2003-2010) de procesos de subsidencia asociados al abatimiento del AVT. Para ello se utilizó imágenes complejas de radar del sensor ENVISAT-ASAR, de donde se obtuvieron valores promedio de deformación superficial anual a escala milimétrica. El proceso de validación del método PS consistió en la correlación de columnas estratigráficas y estimación de curvas de abatimiento. Los resultados derivados del análisis mostraron velocidades máximas de subsidencia de hasta 69 mm/año que se concentran en el área este-noreste de la Ciudad de Toluca, la ubicación de las deformaciones guarda una relación intrínseca con secuencias de depósitos vulcanoclasticos y lacustres ricos en arcilla. De igual forma, dichas áreas de subsidencia máxima corresponden con la mayor concentración de los pozos de extracción de agua.CONACY

Low X-Ray Luminosity Galaxy Clusters. II. Optical properties and morphological content at 0.18 < z < 0.70

This is the second of a series of papers on low X-ray luminosity galaxy clusters, in which we present the $r^\prime$, $g^\prime$ and $i^\prime$ photometry obtained with GMOS-IMAGE at Gemini North and South telescopes for seven systems in the redshift range of 0.18 to 0.70. Optical magnitudes, colours and morphological parameters, namely, concentration index, ellipticity and visual morphological classification, are also given. At lower redshifts, the presence of a well-defined red cluster sequence extending by more than 4 magnitudes showed that these intermediate-mass clusters had reached a relaxed stage. This was confirmed by the small fraction of blue galaxy members observed in the central regions of $\sim$ 0.75 Mpc. In contrast, galaxy clusters at higher redshifts had a less important red cluster sequence. We also found that the galaxy radial density profiles in these clusters were well fitted by a single power law. At 0.18 $<$ z $<$ 0.70, we observed an increasing fraction of blue galaxies and a decreasing fraction of lenticulars, with the early-type fraction remaining almost constant. Overall, the results of these intermediate-mass clusters are in agreement with those for high mass clusters.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Hydrogeological characterization of the Salinas-Los Hoyos evaporitic karst (Malaga province, S Spain) using topographic, hydrodynamic, hydrochemical and isotopic methods

The Salinas-Los Hoyos karst system is a geological diapiric structure formed by materials of diverse nature (clays, sandstones, evaporites, volcanic rocks, dolostones, etc.) placed between Malaga and Granada provinces (S Spain). The abundance of evaporite rocks (gypsum, anhydrite and halite) and their high solubility contribute to the development of exokarstic features (dolines, uvalas, sinkholes). Grande and Chica lakes are dolines located in the western border of the diapir that are intersected by the piezometric level. Close to the first wetland is the Aguileras spring, which is the main discharge point of the west sector of the system. To assess the wetland-spring relation and the general functioning of the system, the geomorphologic framework has been analyzed and hydrogeological controls have been performed, consisting in limnimetric and discharge logging and in situ measurements of physico-chemical parameters (EC and water temperature). Furthermore, spring, wetland and rain water samples have been taken for subsequent chemical and isotopic analysis. Preliminary results show that wetland water level and spring discharge follow a similar trend, consistently with the inertia of the system. However, their hydrochemical evolution and isotopic values differ, thus wetland groundwater interaction has not been fully determined. Nevertheless, present research suggests that the hydrogeological connection would be more likely during wet periods, when the water table is at higher altitude.Key words: Evaporitic (karst) aquifer, Hydrological and hydrogeological behaviours, Natural responses, South Spain, Wetlands

Preliminary hydrogeological characterization of an evaporite karst area (province of Cordoba, South Spain)

The northern sector of the Subbetic Domain in the Betic Cordillera is formed by an olistostrome unit known as the Chaotic Subbetic Complex (CSC). This megabreccia is basically made of Triassic (Keuper) clays and evaporites (gypsum, anhidrite and halite) as well as blocks of other lithologies (limestones, dolostones, sandstones, etc). Despite that low permeability has been traditionally assumed for these materials, water flow and storage through them is likely derived of their aquitard behavior, but also because of the highly permeable conduits generated by dissolution/karstification processes within the evaporite rocks. The geological complexity of the CSC materials determines their hydrogeological heterogeneity, with groundwater flow systems of different length and various scales from recharge areas to discharge zones. Three springs draining the CSC outcrops have been identified around an evaporitic karst plateau located between the Anzur River (to the North) and the Genil River (to the South), in the province of Cordoba (Spain). Data logger devices have been installed in two of them, located at the Anzur River (left margin), providing an hourly record of discharge, electrical conductivity and water temperature. Water samples have been collected fortnightly for subsequent chemical analysis. After two years of record, the results obtained show that the response of the springs to rainfall events is completely different between them. One has a clearly karstic behavior, with a rapid response to recharge whereas the other one is more inertial, and variations in its waters occur in a yearly scale. This is an evidence of the aforementioned hydrogeological heterogeneity of the CSC.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

On Spike-Timing-Dependent-Plasticity, Memristive Devices, and Building a Self-Learning Visual Cortex

In this paper we present a very exciting overlap between emergent nanotechnology and neuroscience, which has been discovered by neuromorphic engineers. Specifically, we are linking one type of memristor nanotechnology devices to the biological synaptic update rule known as spike-time-dependent-plasticity (STDP) found in real biological synapses. Understanding this link allows neuromorphic engineers to develop circuit architectures that use this type of memristors to artificially emulate parts of the visual cortex. We focus on the type of memristors referred to as voltage or flux driven memristors and focus our discussions on a behavioral macro-model for such devices. The implementations result in fully asynchronous architectures with neurons sending their action potentials not only forward but also backward. One critical aspect is to use neurons that generate spikes of specific shapes. We will see how by changing the shapes of the neuron action potential spikes we can tune and manipulate the STDP learning rules for both excitatory and inhibitory synapses. We will see how neurons and memristors can be interconnected to achieve large scale spiking learning systems, that follow a type of multiplicative STDP learning rule. We will briefly extend the architectures to use three-terminal transistors with similar memristive behavior. We will illustrate how a V1 visual cortex layer can assembled and how it is capable of learning to extract orientations from visual data coming from a real artificial CMOS spiking retina observing real life scenes. Finally, we will discuss limitations of currently available memristors. The results presented are based on behavioral simulations and do not take into account non-idealities of devices and interconnects. The aim of this paper is to present, in a tutorial manner, an initial framework for the possible development of fully asynchronous STDP learning neuromorphic architectures exploiting two or three-terminal memristive type devices. All files used for the simulations are made available through the journal web site1