Changes in the kinase activity of the insulin receptor account for an increased insulin sensitivity of mammary gland in late pregnancy

Copyright (1998) The Endocrine Society .The paper can be found at the following URL on the website http://endo.endojournals.org

Expresión diferencial de proteínas del citoesqueleto del macrófago tras la interacción con Candida albicans: Problemas en la normalización de las muestras

Comunicaciones a congreso

Feasibility of Ceilometers Data to Estimate Radiative Forcing Values: Application to Different Conditions around the COVID-19 Lockdown Period

The authors would like to acknowledge to ACTRIS-SPAIN (CGL2017-90884-REDIT), coordinated by Granada University, for providing quality-assured aerosol measurements and acknowledge to AERONET and COPERNICUS Global Land Services for sun-photometer and satellite quality-assured data processing and distribution. The authors also acknowledge to the Atmospheric Modelling & Weather Forecasting Group in the University of Athens, the Earth Science Dpt. from the Barcelona Supercomputing Centre and the Naval Research laboratory for the provision of SKIRON, DREAM/BSCDREAM8b and NAAPs aerosol maps, respectively. Philippe Dubuisson, the developer of the GAME code, is specially acknowledged. Furthermore, the developers of the HYSPLIT model are also acknowledged. The task of identifying African dust events and quantifying the dust contribution in the regions of the Spanish territory has been routinely carried out in the framework of projects funded by the Spanish ministry for the Ecological Transition (MITECO).In this study, the feasibility of using ceilometer signals to retrieve radiative forcing values is evaluated. The Global Atmospheric Model (GAME) radiative transfer model is used to estimate the shortwave and longwave radiative forcing using an aerosol parameterization based on AERONET data and vertical profiles from a Lufft CHM-15k Nimbus ceilometer. First, eight cases confirmed as dusty days are analyzed to check the feasibility of using ceilometer profiles to feed GAME. The obtained radiative forcing estimates are in good agreement with the literature showing negative values in the short wave (SW) (cooling effect) and positive values in the long wave (LW) (heating effect), both at all levels. As in the literature, radiative forcing estimates show a strong dependence on variations in the aerosol optical depth (AOD), solar zenith angle (θz), surface temperature (ST), and single scattering albedo at 440 nm (SSA440). Thus, GAME can be fed using ceilometer measurements obtaining reliable results. Then, as the temporal evolution of the AOD440 between 27 January and 15 June compared to the 6-year weekly AERONET AOD440 average (from 2014 to 2019) shows a decrease because of the lockdown imposed in Spain due to the COVID-19, a total of 37 radiative forcing calculations without African dust, divided into 8 scenarios, are performed in order to check the effect of the lockdown measures in the radiative forcing. It is shown that the decrease in the AOD, during the lockdown, caused a decrease in the cooling effect in the SW spectral range at all levels. Besides, the increase in the ST increased the heating effect of the aerosols in the LW at the top of the atmosphere and the presence of pollution and absorbing particles (SSA440 < 0.90) caused an increase of the heating effect in the LW at the surface. Therefore, the observed variations in the radiative forcing estimates before and during the lockdown are directly related with the decrease in emissions of aerosols related to human activities.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (CRISOL) CGL2017-85344-RMadrid Regional Government (TIGAS-CM) Y2018/EMT-5177Maria Sklodowska-Curie IF 796539H2020 programme from the European Union 654109; 87111

In Vivo insulin-dependent glucose uptake of specific tissues is decreased during aging of mature wistar rats

Copyright (1997) The Endocrine Society .The paper can be found at the following URL on the website http://endo.endojournals.org

New avenues for increasing yield and stability in C3 cereals: exploring ear photosynthesis

Small grain cereals such as wheat, rice and barley are among the most important crops worldwide. Any attempt to increase crop productivity and stability through breeding implies developing new strategies for plant phenotyping, including defining ideotype attributes for selection. Recently, the role of non-foliar photosynthetic organs, particularly the inflorescences, has received increasing attention. For example, ear photosynthesis has been reported to be a major contributor to grain filling in wheat and barley under stress and good agronomic conditions. This review provides an overview of the particular characteristics of the ear that makes this photosynthetic organ better adapted to grain filling than the flag leaf and revises potential metabolic and molecular traits that merit further research as targets for cereal improvement. Currently, the absence of high-throughput phenotyping methods limits the inclusion of ear photosynthesis in the breeding agenda. In this regard, a number of different approaches are presented

Diseño de experiencias prácticas sobre memoria cache

La planificación de actividades prácticas a fin de consolidar el aprendizaje de los conceptos clave relacionados con la memoria cache no es una tarea fácil. En esta ponencia destacamos los conceptos que hemos considerado fundamentales sobre el sistema de memoria cache. A continuación planteamos un conjunto de actividades prácticas basándonos en el refuerzo de dichos conceptos y establecemos la metodología para su enseñanza. Finalmente, presentamos una herramienta de ayuda, accesible mediante un navegador web, que apoyará el proceso de aprendizaje

Non-conservation of folding rates in the thioredoxin family reveals degradation of ancestral unassisted-folding

Evolution involves not only adaptation, but also the degradation of superfluous features. Many examples of degradation at the morphological level are known (vestigial organs, for instance). However, the impact of degradation on molecular evolution has been rarely addressed. Thioredoxins serve as general oxidoreductases in all cells. Here, we report extensive mutational analyses on the folding of modern and resurrected ancestral bacterial thioredoxins. Contrary to claims from recent literature, in vitro folding rates in the thioredoxin family are not evolutionarily conserved, but span at least a ∼100-fold range. Furthermore, modern thioredoxin folding is often substantially slower than ancestral thioredoxin folding. Unassisted folding, as probed in vitro, thus emerges as an ancestral vestigial feature that underwent degradation, plausibly upon the evolutionary emergence of efficient cellular folding assistance. More generally, our results provide evidence that degradation of ancestral features shapes, not only morphological evolution, but also the evolution of individual proteins.This research was supported by FEDER Funds, grant BIO2015-66426-R from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness ( J.M.S.-R.), grant RGP0041/2017 from the Human Frontier Science Program ( J.M.S.-R. and E.A.G.) and National Institutes of Health 1R01AR069137 (E.A.G.), Department of Defence MURI W911NF-16-1-0372 (E.A.G.)

Analysis of the relationship between physical-healthy habits and diet with obesity in primary school students of the Province of Granada

La obesidad y el sobrepeso se han convertido en uno de los trastornos más importantes de la actualidad. La aparición de este tipo de trastorno se debe a la influencia de factores como la dieta desequilibrada o la falta de actividad física, factores que provocan un aumento del IMC en escolares. Este estudio se realizó sobre 161 escolares de educación primaria, de edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 12 años y pertenecientes a la provincia de Granada. Se pretende analizar la relación existente entre los parámetros de la actividad física y la calidad de la dieta con los niveles de obesidad. Los resultados mostraron que la mayor parte de la población estudiada se encontraba dentro del normopeso y en una baja proporción los alumnos presentaban una dieta de baja calidad, sin haber diferencias significativas en cuanto al género. Por otra parte, el análisis de los datos mostró que el género masculino realiza mayor actividad física y por tanto presenta menos sedentarismo que el género femenino. Como conclusión, se demuestra la necesidad de motivar a la realización de deporte, sobre todo al género femenino, además de concienciar a los jóvenes de las consecuencias del sedentarismo y la obesidad.Obesity and overweight have become one of the most important disorders nowadays. The onset of this type of disorder is due to the influence of factors such as unbalanced diet or lack of physical activity, factors that cause an increase in BMI in schoolchildren. This study was conducted on 161 schoolchildren of primary education, aged between 10 and 12 years old and belonging to the province of Granada. The aim is to analyze the relationship between physical activity parameters and diet quality with obesity levels. The results showed that participants were in a normal weight, whereas a low proportion of students presented a low-quality diet, with no significant differences by gender. On the other hand, the analysis of the data showed that males perform greater physical activity and therefore present less sedentary habits than females. In conclusion, the need to encourage students to carry out sports is demonstrated, especially in females. In addition, it is important to raise youth’s awareness on health consequences of sedentary habits and obesity