Plan de negocio para empresa Burkert mediante un análisis de mercado de la industria de bebidas gaseosas

Tesis (Ingeniero Industrial)Burkert es una empresa de control de fluidos, que busca solucionar o satisfacer las necesidades de la industria de bebidas gaseosas en el país, asociada a la mejora continua de los procesos productivos. Se busca complementar las ventas de productos con las ventas de servicios de mantención o solución de problemas. Esta empresa contará con los profesionales más adecuados, para la entrega completa de un servicio de calidad total. Esta empresa estará ubicada en la comuna de Pudahuel. Burkert entregará dos servicios, los cuales son la venta de productos como se mencionó anteriormente y la entrega de servicios de mantención y solución de problemas a las máquinas presentes en los procesos productivos. Se busca ser un nuevo competidor íntegro, con fines de crecimiento año tras año con el mejoramiento de la posición de la empresa. La industria de bebidas gaseosas se divide en dos grandes empresas, las cuales son Coca Cola Company y CCU, Andinas y Embonor son franquicias de Coca Cola Company y ocupan más del 50% del mercado en la industria, en cuanto a CCU cubre entre 20-25% de la participación de mercado. La ubicación estratégica ayudará a centrarse en el mercado objetivo ubicado a los alrededores de la comuna, asegurando el éxito de la empresa. Para esto se llevará a cabo un plan de marketing, con el fin de plantear las estrategias que se llevaran a cabo y con el fin de comercializar los servicios de Burkert. La estrategia de posicionamiento ayudará a posicionar a Burkert como líder en control de fluidos en Chile, asegurando el cumplimiento de la misión y visión de la empresa. La estrategia financiera, se basará en el crecimiento año tras año en las ventas de productos y mejoramiento de la rentabilidad de la empresa. Por otro lado, la inversión inicial que necesita la empresa, se logrará a través de entidades bancarias y financiamiento propio de la empresa, con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de los inversionistas. Mediante un análisis con flujo de caja a un horizonte de 5 años para el escenario con financiamiento mixto, se obtuvo un VAN de $666.696.904, TIR de 63$386.500.000, con tasa de descuento WACC 14%.Burkert is a fluid control company that seeks to solve or satisfy the needs of the soft drink industry in the country, associated with the continuous improvement of production processes. It seeks to complement product sales with sales of maintenance services or troubleshooting. This company will have the most suitable professionals, for the complete delivery of a total quality service. This company will be located in the commune of Pudahuel. Burkert will deliver two services, which are the sale of products as mentioned above and the delivery of maintenance and troubleshooting services to the machines present in the production processes. It seeks to be a new integrated competitor, with the aim of growing year after year with the improvement of the company's position. The soft drink industry is divided into two large companies, which are Coca Cola Company and CCU, Andinas and Embonor are Coca Cola Company franchises and occupy more than 50% of the market in the industry, as far as CCU covers between 20- 25% market share. The strategic location will help to focus on the target market located around the commune, ensuring the success of the company. For this, a marketing plan will be carried out, in order to outline the strategies that will be carried out and in order to commercialize the Burkert services. The positioning strategy will help position Burkert as a leader in fluid control in Chile, ensuring compliance with the mission and vision of the company. The financial strategy will be based on the year after year growth in product sales and improvement of the company's profitability. On the other hand, the initial investment needed by the company will be achieved through banking entities and the company's own financing, in order to reduce the risk of investors. Through an analysis with cash flow at a horizon of 5 years for the mixed financing scenario, a VAN of $666,696,904, TIR of 63$ 386,500,000, with a discount WACC 14%

Aprendizaje Servicio desde la Biodiversidad (ApSB)

En la propuesta inicial del proyecto, se plantearon una serie de objetivos relacionados con el aprovechamiento de los propios recursos de la UCM y de su entorno, como mejora de la calidad docente, vinculada a los procesos de innovación, a través del uso de metodologías novedosas que permitieran relacionar a la institución con la realidad conectada a la Biodiversidad. El objetivo general ha consistido en implantar las actividades relacionadas con el Programa de Seguimiento de Biodiversidad (PSB), como eje vertebrador entre el conocimiento necesario de patrones y tendencias que deben tener los estudiantes universitarios y la sociedad que participa y disfruta de todos estos elementos. Para ello, los objetivos del proyecto se han contemplado desde una triple perspectiva: Formativa, Investigadora y de Transferencia del Conocimient

Selective Harmonic Mitigation Technique for High-Power Converters

In high-power applications, the maximum switching frequency is limited due to thermal losses. This leads to highly distorted output waveforms. In such applications, it is necessary to filter the output waveforms using bulky passive filtering systems. The recently presented selective harmonic mitigation pulsewidth modulation (SHMPWM) technique produces output waveforms where the harmonic distortion is limited, fulfilling specific grid codes when the number of switching angles is high enough. The related technique has been previously presented using a switching frequency that is equal to 750 Hz. In this paper, a special implementation of the SHMPWM technique optimized for very low switching frequency is studied. Experimental results obtained applying SHMPWM to a three-level neutral-point-clamped converter using a switching frequency that is equal to 350 Hz are presented. The obtained results show that the SHMPWM technique improves the results of previous selective harmonic elimination pulsewidth modulation techniques for very low switching frequencies. This fact highlights that the SHMPWM technique is very useful in high-power applications, leading its use to an important reduction of the bulky and expensive filtering elements.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TEC2006-03863Junta de Andalucía EXC/2005/TIC-117

Epistasis between cultural traits causes paradigm shifts in cultural evolution

Every now and then the cultural paradigm of a society changes. While current models of cultural shifts usually require a major exogenous or endogenous change, we propose that the mechanism underlying many paradigm shifts may just be an emergent feature of the inherent congruence among different cultural traits. We implement this idea through a population dynamics model in which individuals are defined by a vector of cultural traits that changes mainly through cultural contagion, biased by a 'cultural fitness' landscape, between contemporary individuals. Cultural traits reinforce or hinder each other (through a form of cultural epistasis) to prevent cognitive dissonance. Our main result is that abrupt paradigm shifts occur, in response to weak changes in the landscape, only in the presence of epistasis between cultural traits, and regardless of whether horizontal transmission is biased by homophily. A relevant consequence of this dynamics is the irreversible nature of paradigm shifts: the old paradigm cannot be restored even if the external changes are undone. Our model puts the phenomenon of paradigm shifts in cultural evolution in the same category as catastrophic shifts in ecology or phase transitions in physics, where minute causes lead to major collective changes.This work was supported by the Spanish projects VARIANCE (FIS2015-64349-P, MINECO/FEDER, UE), BASIC (FIS2018-098186-B-100, MICINN/FEDER, UE), MiMevo (FIS2017-89773-P, MINECO/FEDER, UE) and SEV-2013-0347 (MINECO).Publicad

Effects of fructose-induced metabolic syndrome on rat skeletal cells and tissue, and their responses to metformin treatment

Aims: Deleterious effects of metabolic syndrome (MS) on bone are still controversial. In this study we evaluated the effects of a fructose-induced MS, and/or an oral treatment with metformin on the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), as well as on bone formation and architecture. Methods: 32 male 8 week-old Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: control (C), control plus oral metformin (CM), rats receiving 10% fructose in drinking water (FRD), and FRD plus metformin (FRDM). Samples were collected to measure blood parameters, and to perform pQCT analysis and static and dynamic histomorphometry. MSC were isolated to determine their osteogenic potential. Results: Metformin improved blood parameters in FRDM rats. pQCTand static and dynamic histomorphometry showed no significant differences in trabecular and cortical bone parameters among groups. FRD reduced TRAP expression and osteocyte density in trabecular bone and metformin only normalized osteocyte density. FRD decreased the osteogenic potential of MSC and metformin administration could revert some of these parameters. Conclusions: FRD-induced MS shows reduction in MSC osteogenic potential, in osteocyte density and in TRAP activity. Oral metformin treatment was able to prevent trabecular osteocyte loss and the reduction in extracellular mineralization induced by FRD-induced MS.Laboratorio de Investigación en Osteopatías y Metabolismo Minera

Predicting temporary wetland plant community responses to changes in the hydroperiod

The expected changes on rainfall in the next decades may cause significant changes of the hydroperiod of temporary wetlands and, consequently, shifts on plant community distributions. Predicting plant community responses to changes in the hydroperiod is a key issue for conservation and management of temporary wetlands. We present a predictive distribution model for Arthrocnemum macrostachyum communities in the Doñana wetland (Southern Spain). Logistic regression was used to fit the model using the number of days of inundation and the mean water height as predictors. The internal validation of the model yielded good performance measures. The model was applied to a set of expected scenarios of changes in the hydroperiod to anticipate the most likely shifts in the distribution of Arthrocnemum macrostachyum communities

Mirando hacia el Sudeste de Asia: gestión externa provincial desde la Región Centro (2015-2019)

Tras la crisis del 2001 se impulsó en Argentina una política neodesarrollista que, conjugada con un entorno internacional favorable en cuanto a demanda y precios de productos primarios, mejoró la competitividad del sector exportador y desencadenó un notable incremento del comercio argentino hacia los países del Este de Asia. En este marco, se vieron especialmente favorecidas las provincias de la Región Centro (Córdoba, Santa Fe y Entre Ríos) debido a su estructura productiva de carácter agro–exportador complementaria con la demanda asiática. Frente a este panorama, estas unidades subnacionales han llevado a cabo en los últimos años acciones externas hacia sus socios del Sudeste de Asia tendientes a explotar los beneficios de una intensificación comercial. El trabajo busca analizar la gestión externa implementada por la Región Centro hacia los principales socios del Sudeste de Asia (Vietnam, Indonesia, Tailandia, Malasia, Filipinas y Singapur) entre los años 2015–2019, correspondientes a las últimas gestiones provinciales que acompañaron estas relaciones comerciales. Asimismo, se estudia el estado de las exportaciones de la Región Centro hacia el Sudeste de Asia, ahondando en su evolución, composición de la canasta de bienes exportables y participación en el total de las ventas al exterior, comparadas con las importaciones a nivel nacional. A su vez, se tendrán en cuenta los lineamientos nacionales de política exterior hacia la región asiática durante el gobierno de Mauricio Macri, quien representa un giro ortodoxo en el modelo de inserción internacional. Para ello, se sigue la línea de la tradición latinoamericana de estudios internacionales, principalmente la escuela de la autonomía. Se entiende que una mayor diversificación de socios comerciales y de productos de la canasta exportadora fortalece los márgenes de autonomía en el plano internacional, especialmente con respecto a China.After the 2001 crisis, a new–developmentalist policy was promoted in Argentina. Combined with a favorable international environment in terms of demand and commodity prices, it improved the competitiveness of exportations and triggered a notable increase of trade towards Eastern Asian countries. The provinces of the Central Region (Córdoba, Santa Fe and Entre Ríos) were especially favored due to their agricultural productive structure that complements with Asian demands. In this context, these sub–national units have carried out in recent years external actions towards their partners in Southeast Asia in order to exploit the benefits of this commercial tendency. This work aims to analyze the external management implemented by the last administrations of Central Region governments towards their main partners in Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore) between 2015–2019. In addition, we study the current status of exports from the Central Region to these countries, as well as its evolution, product composition and the proportional contribution of these countries in total sales abroad, compared with national imports. It will also be considered the national foreign policy guidelines towards Asia during Mauricio Macri administration, who represented an orthodox turn in the international insertion strategy. This analysis will be carried out under the light of the Latin American tradition of international studies, mainly the school of autonomy. We pose that a greater diversification of trading partners and exportation products will strengthen the margins of our action in the international scenario, especially regarding China.Fil: Aguirre, Franco Luciano. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Área de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Gangi Jacobacci, José Ignacio. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Politicas y Relaciones Internacionales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Cultura y Sociedad; Argentina. Centro de Estudios e Investigación en Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

The Influence of Urban Environments on Oxidative Stress Balance: A Case Study on the House Sparrow in the Iberian Peninsula

The House Sparrow is a globally distributed species and is closely associated with anthropised environments. They are well-adapted to urban life; therefore the decline of their populations in Europe represents an unexpected event that demands an investigation into its causes. Causes that have promoted this decline are not well-known, but one of the highlighted hypotheses is an increase of oxidative stress linked to the toxicity of pollution in urban areas. From an ecophysiological perspective, oxidative damage, antioxidant defense, and oxidative balance are considered reliable indicators of environmental stressors such as pollutants. To carry out this study, blood samples were collected from House Sparrows in three different habitats that varied in terms of urbanization degree: urban, suburban, and rural; during the winter and breeding season. According to our results, urban sparrows showed higher levels of oxidative damage and higher activity of antioxidant enzymes, but lower antioxidant capacity in comparison with the rural birds; and these differences especially increase during the breeding season. The maintenance of oxidative balance increases in an urban environment in comparison to a rural one; we suggest that the high level of pollution and the poor quality diet linked to urban environments. The breeding season is expected to be particularly challenging for the oxidative balance of urban birds, when the reallocation of resources between self-maintenance and reproduction may be critical due to the scarcity of antioxidants found in urban areas. This study may contribute to determining the causes of the population decrease of House Sparrows in cities

Selective Harmonic Mitigation Technique for Cascaded H-Bridge Converters With Nonequal DC Link Voltages

Multilevel converters have received increased interest recently as a result of their ability to generate high quality output waveforms with a low switching frequency. This makes them very attractive for high power applications. A Cascaded HBridge converter is a multilevel topology which is formed from the series connection of H-Bridge cells. Optimized pulse width modulation techniques such as Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE-PWM) or Selective Harmonic Mitigation (SHM-PWM) are capable of pre-programming the harmonic profile of the output waveform over a range of modulation indices. Such modulation methods may however not perform optimally if the DC links of the Cascaded H-Bridge Converter are not balanced. This paper presents a new SHM-PWM control strategy which is capable of meeting grid codes even under non-equal DC link voltages. The method is based on the interpolation of different sets of angles obtained for specific situations of imbalance. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the proposed control method