Movimientos de población en Andalucía y Cataluña (1995-2006). Una comparación desde la teoría de la modernización

El propósito de este trabajo es comparar los movimientos de población de Andalucía y Cataluña durante los años 1995-2006 y relacionar este movimiento con la modernización social del período. Se utilizan como indicadores de modernización el nivel de renta declarado y los años de escolarización, y se diferencia el territorio según el tamaño demográfico del municipio. Las conclusiones se resumen de los modos siguientes. La mejora en el nivel educativo se observa generalizada, salvo en los municipios andaluces menores (≤2.000), envejecidos y despoblados, y en los andaluces y catalanes mayores (>100.000), repoblados mediante procesos de sustitución demográfica, evidentes en la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona y no en las mayores ciudades andaluzas. En cambio, se observa una relación, significativa en el caso catalán e importante en el andaluz, entre el crecimiento demográfico y el de los ingresos familiares. En Andalucía (durante los años observados), el aumento de renta se ha debido al de población y la merma de renta ha sido efecto de la pérdida de población en bastante medida. No ha ocurrido de igual forma o en la misma medida en Cataluña. Ésta es una fórmula insostenible, puesto que no se puede mejorar a costa de crecer indefinidamente. Cabe concluir, pues, que la homogeneidad territorial es indicador y efecto de la modernización, pero también una condición y un factor para su continuidadThe purpose of this study is to compare the movements of people from Andalusia and Catalonia during the years 1995-2006 and to link these movements with social modernization of the same period. The indicators used for this purpose are level of declared income and the years of schooling. The territory has been differed depending on the municipality population size. The findings are summarized in the following ways. An improvement of the overall educational level is observed, except in smaller Andalusian municipalities ≤2000, aged and depopulated, and in bigger >100.000 Andalusian and Catalonian municipalities, repopulated by demographic processes, evident in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region but not in the major cities of Andalusia. Instead, there is a significant relation between population growth and family income in both regions. In Andalusia (for the obseved years) was due to the increase of population and the loss of income was the effect of the loss of population as well. This was not the case in the same way or to the same extent in Catalonia. This formula is unsustainaible, since it is not possible to improved at the expense of indefinite growth. It can be concluded therefore that the territorial homogeneity is an indicator and territorial effect of modernization, but also a condition and a factor for its continuit

International transmission of shocks under the classical Gold Standard (1880-1914): The role of Depositor Confidence as a source of amplification

En esta tesis se explora el papel de la confianza de los depositantes como fuente de amplificación y propagación de los choques internacionales a las tenencias de oro, centrándose principalmente en las crisis de 1893 y 1907. Mediante la obtención de respuestas dinámicas para diferentes momentos durante el clásico patrón oro (1880-1914), en particular haciendo la diferencia entre episodios de 'calma' y 'pánico', es posible caracterizar cambios en el impacto dinámico de estos choques, y ello se realiza a través de la estimación de un modelo FAVAR con parámetros que cambian en el tiempo. Asimismo, también se analizan los cambios a lo largo del tiempo en las volatilidades de los principales factores, con el fin de capturar los cambios dinámicos en el conjunto de información de los agentes económicos. En general, la lección principal es que incluso en la era clásica del patrón oro hubo cambios de régimen basados en el flujo de información, y esto es útil para explicar los cambios en el mecanismo de transmisión de los choques internacionales del oro.The role of depositor confidence as a source of amplification and propagation of International Gold shocks is explored in this paper, focusing principally on the panics of 1893 and 1907. By obtaining dynamic responses for different points in time during the classical Gold Standard (1880-1914), in particular making the difference between ‘calm’ and ‘panic’ episodes, it is possible to characterize changes in the dynamic impact of these shocks, and this task is performed through an estimated Time-Varying FAVAR model. Besides, changes over time in volatilities of main factors are also analyzed in order to capture the dynamic changes in the information set of economic agents. Overall, the main lesson is that even in the classical Gold Standard era there were regime changes based on the flow of information, and this is useful to explain changes in the transmission mechanism of International Gold shocks

Development of an advanced technique based on acoustic resonance in gases for determining relevant thermodynamic constants and properties

Se desarrolla una técnica de resonancia acústica y de microondas para la caracterización de mezclas de gases energéticos no convencionales y para realizar una termometría acústica en Argón. La resonancia de microondas se lleva acabo simultáneamente con la acústica para caracterizar el radio interno del resonador esférico y reducir así la incertidumbre en la velocidad del sonido en Argón. Se realizan medidas de la velocidad del sonido en Argón a diferentes presiones manteniendo siempre la temperatura constante a la temperatura del punto triple del agua. Al extrapolar la isoterma a presión nula se pueden obtener medidas con muy baja incertidumbre (aproximadamente 20 ppm) de la constante de Boltzman para la definición del nuevo Kelvin. Con un procedimiento parecido pero más simple y rápido es posible determinar tanto la ecuación del virial acústico como las capacidades caloríficas como gas perfecto de los gases y mezclas de gases estudiados.Departamento de Ingeniería Energética y FluidomecánicaDoctorado en Investigación en Ingeniería Termodinámica de Fluido

Modelo basado en procesos y reglas con enfoque BPM para la clasificación de clientes potenciales de Prisma Intelligence Consulting

El presente estudio se trata de una investigación no experimental, que permite el diseño de un modelo basado en procesos y reglas con enfoque BPM para la clasificación de clientes potenciales de Prisma Intelligence Consulting en la ciudad de Trujillo. Para esta investigación se utilizó la metodología utilizada por Camunda para el análisis y diseño del proceso y reglas de negocio utilizando el estándar de modelamiento de procesos BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) y para las reglas DMN (Decision Model and Notation). Como resultado se obtuvo el diseño de un modelo y se validó con simulación para los procesos y reglas, utilizando software open source. Como conclusión se logró la clasificación de clientes potenciales basado en procesos y reglas reduciendo el tiempo de las tareas hasta en un 89% demostrando de esa manera la eficiencia del modelo propuesto.The present study is non-experimental research, which allows the design of a processes and rules-based model with a BPM approach for the classification of potential clients of Prisma Intelligence Consulting in Trujillo city. The methodology used by Camunda was used for the analysis and design of the process and business rules using the BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) process modeling standard and DMN (Decision Model and Notation) for the rules. As a result, the design of a model was obtained and it was validated with simulation for the processes and rules, using open-source software. As a conclusion the classification of potential clients based on processes and rules was achieved, reducing the time of the tasks down to 89%, thus demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed model.Tesi

H2_2 dissociation over Au-nanowires and the fractional conductance quantum

The dissociation of H$_2$ molecules on stretched Au nanowires and its effect on the nanowire conductance are analyzed using a combination of Density Functional (DFT) total energy calculations and non-equilibrium Keldish-Green function methods. Our DFT simulations reproduce the characteristic formation of Au monoatomic chains with a conductance close to % the conductance quantum $G_0 = 2e^2/h$. These stretched Au nanowires are shown to be better catalysts for H$_2$ dissociation than Au surfaces. This is confirmed by the nanowire conductance evidence: while not affected practically by molecular hydrogen, atomic hydrogen induces the appearance of fractional conductances ($G \sim 0.5 G_0$) as observed experimentally.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Tree-structure Expectation Propagation for Decoding LDPC codes over Binary Erasure Channels

Expectation Propagation is a generalization to Belief Propagation (BP) in two ways. First, it can be used with any exponential family distribution over the cliques in the graph. Second, it can impose additional constraints on the marginal distributions. We use this second property to impose pair-wise marginal distribution constraints in some check nodes of the LDPC Tanner graph. These additional constraints allow decoding the received codeword when the BP decoder gets stuck. In this paper, we first present the new decoding algorithm, whose complexity is identical to the BP decoder, and we then prove that it is able to decode codewords with a larger fraction of erasures, as the block size tends to infinity. The proposed algorithm can be also understood as a simplification of the Maxwell decoder, but without its computational complexity. We also illustrate that the new algorithm outperforms the BP decoder for finite block-siz

Impact of Parenting Styles on Adolescents’ Self-Esteem and Internalization of Values in Spain

The relationship of parenting styles with adolescents’ outcomes was analyzed within a sample of Spanish adolescents. A sample of 1456 teenagers from 13 to 16 years of age, of whom 54.3% were females, reported on their parents’ child-rearing practices. The teenagers’ parents were classified into one of four groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful). The adolescents were then contrasted on two different outcomes: (1) priority given to Schwartz’s selftranscendence (universalism and benevolence) and conservation (security, conformity, and tradition) values and (2) level of self-esteem (appraised in five domains: academic, social, emotional, family and physical). The results show that Spanish adolescents from indulgent households have the same or better outcomes than adolescents from authoritative homes. Parenting is related with two self-esteem dimensions—academic and family—and with all the self-transcendence and conservation values. Adolescents of indulgent parents show highest scores in self-esteem whereas adolescents from authoritarian parents obtain the worst results. In contrast, there were no differences between the priority given by adolescents of authoritative and indulgent parents to any of the selftranscendence and conservation values, whereas adolescents of authoritarian and neglectful parents, in general, assign the lowest priority to all of these [email protected]

Representation of non-semibounded quadratic forms and orthogonal additivity

In this article we give a representation theorem for non-semibounded Hermitean quadratic forms in terms of a (non-semibounded) self-adjoint operator. The main assumptions are closability of the Hermitean quadratic form, the direct integral structure of the underlying Hilbert space and orthogonal additivity. We apply this result to several examples, including the position operator in quantum mechanics and quadratic forms invariant under a unitary representation of a separable locally compact group. The case of invariance under a compact group is also discussed in detail