Experimental evaluation of interference alignment for broadband WLAN systems

[Abstract]: In this paper, we present an experimental study on the performance of spatial interference alignment (IA) in indoor wireless local area network scenarios that use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) according to the physical-layer specifications of the IEEE 802.11a standard. Experiments have been carried out using a wireless network testbed capable of implementing a 3-user MIMO interference channel. We have implemented IA decoding schemes that can be designed according to distinct criteria (e.g., zero-forcing or MaxSINR). The measurement methodology has been validated considering practical issues like the number of OFDM training symbols used for channel estimation or feedback time. In case of asynchronous users, a time-domain IA decoding filter is also compared to its frequency-domain counterpart. We also evaluated the performance of IA from bit error ratio measurement-based results in comparison to different time-division multiple access transmission schemes. The comparison includes single- and multiple-antenna systems transmitting over the dominant mode of the MIMO channel. Our results indicate that spatial IA is suitable for practical indoor scenarios in which wireless channels often exhibit relatively large coherence times.This work has been supported by Xunta de Galicia, MINECO of Spain, and by FEDER funds of the E.U. under Grant 2012/287, Grant TEC2013-47141-C4-R (RACHEL project), Grant CSD2008-00010 (COMONSENS project), and FPU Grants AP2010-2189 and AP2009-1105.Xunta de Galicia; 2012/28

Experimental evaluation of interference alignment for broadband WLAN systems

In this paper, we present an experimental study on the performance of spatial interference alignment (IA) in indoor wireless local area network scenarios that use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) according to the physical-layer specifications of the IEEE 802.11a standard. Experiments have been carried out using a wireless network testbed capable of implementing a 3-user MIMO interference channel. We have implemented IA decoding schemes that can be designed according to distinct criteria (e.g., zero-forcing or MaxSINR). The measurement methodology has been validated considering practical issues like the number of OFDM training symbols used for channel estimation or feedback time. In case of asynchronous users, a time-domain IA decoding filter is also compared to its frequency domain counterpart. We also evaluated the performance of IA from bit error ratio measurement-based results in comparison to different time-division multiple access transmission schemes. The comparison includes single- and multiple-antenna systems transmitting over the dominant mode of the MIMO channel. Our results indicate that spatial IA is suitable for practical indoor scenarios in which wireless channels often exhibit relatively large coherence times.This work has been supported by Xunta de Galicia, MINECO of Spain, and by FEDER funds of the E.U. under Grant 2012/287, Grant TEC2013-47141-C4-R (RACHEL project), Grant CSD2008-00010 (COMONSENS project), and FPU Grants AP2010-2189 and AP2009-1105

Activation of NF-kB Pathway by Virus Infection Requires Rb Expression

The retinoblastoma protein Rb is a tumor suppressor involved in cell cycle control, differentiation, and inhibition of oncogenic transformation. Besides these roles, additional functions in the control of immune response have been suggested. In the present study we investigated the consequences of loss of Rb in viral infection. Here we show that virus replication is increased by the absence of Rb, and that Rb is required for the activation of the NF-kB pathway in response to virus infection. These results reveal a novel role for tumor suppressor Rb in viral infection surveillance and further extend the concept of a link between tumor suppressors and antiviral activityM.E. is funded by BIO2005-06264 and Fundación Botín. A.V. and C.R. are funded by SAF-06868 and BFU2005-00599, respectively, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, and CCG08-CSIC/SAL-3441 (CR). M.A.G. is supported by the CSIC I3P Program and J. G-S. is supported by the IFARHU-SENACYT Program from Panama. M.C. is supported by Fundación Botín and Juan de la Cierva Program. L.M-V. is supported by Comunidad de Madrid. P.G. is supported by the JAE-CSIC predoctoral Program. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewe

Segmented-block poly(ether amide)s containing flexible polydisperse polyethyleneoxide sequences and rigid aromatic amide moieties

We describe the synthesis and characterization of three novel aromatic diamines containing oxyethylene sequences of different lengths. These diamines were polymerized using the low-temperature solution polycondensation method with isophthaloyl chloride (IPC), terepthaloyl chloride (TPC), [1,1’-biphenyl]-4,4’-dicarbonyl dichloride (BDC), and 4,4′-oxybis(benzoyl chloride) (OBE), obtaining twelve poly(ether amide)s with short segments of polydisperse polyethyleneoxide (PEO) sequences in the polymer backbone. These polymers show reasonably high molecular mass materials (Mw > 12,000), and the relationship between their structure and properties has been carefully studied. Compared with conventional polyamides containing monodisperse PEO sequences, the polydispersity of the PEO segments within the structural units exerts a significant influence on the crystallinity, flexibility, solubility, and the thermal properties of the polymers. For instance, the all-para oriented polyamides (TPCP-A), with an average number of 8.2 ethylenoxide units per structural unit can be transformed conventionally (Tm = 259 °C) in comparison with thermally untransformable polymer with 2 ethylenoxide units (Tm = 425 °C)FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2020-113264RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and (PID2019-108583RJ-I00/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033), and the Consejería de Educación—Junta de Castilla y León (BU306P1

Age estimation obtained from analysis of octopus (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797) beaks: Improvements and comparisons

Two methods are currently available for age estimation in octopus beaks. They have been applied to the same specimen from a sample of 30 individuals of Octopus vulgaris caught in central-eastern Atlantic waters. These techniques aim at revealing growth increments in the rostrum sagittal sections (RSS) and lateral wall surfaces (LWS) of octopus upper and lower beaks. Both methods were improved to reduce the time of sample preparation and to enhance the appearance of the increments. For each individual, two independent readings were done for upper and lower beak sections, as well as for the lateral wall surfaces. Vertical reflected light (epifluorescence) and image analysis system were shown to be useful in the observation and analysis of the sequence of increments. Precision of the ageing, increment counts obtained by both techniques, and increment widths were discussed. Using upper beak RSS led to more precise age estimates, whereas preparing LWS was quicker and simpler, and revealed a higher number of increments. Therefore, our study recommends counting growth increments in LWS of beaks to age adult common octopus

Numerical analysis of microwave heating cavity: Combining electromagnetic energy, heat transfer and fluid dynamics for a NaY zeolite fixed-bed

[EN] Three-dimensional mathematical model was developed for a rectangular TE10n microwave heating cavity system, working at 2.45 GHz. Energy/heat, momentum equations were solved together with Maxwell's electromagnetic field equations using comm. MULTIPHYSICS (R) simulation environment. The dielectric properties, epsilon' and epsilon '', of NaY zeolite (Si/Al = 2.5) were evaluated as a function of temperature. Considering these values, the microwave heating of a porous fixed-bed made of dry NaY zeolite was simulated. Electric field distribution, axial and radial temperature profiles and temperature evolution with time were obtained. The zeolite fixed bed was heated up to 180 degrees C in 5 min, with 30 W power. The fixed-bed temperature evolution under non-steady state conditions showed the same trend as the one observed experimentally with only an average deviation of 10.3%. The model was used to predict microwave heating of other materials improving energy efficiency of the microwave cavity. Furthermore, the developed model was able to predict thermal runaway for zeolites.Financial support from the European Research Council ERC-Advanced Grant HECTOR-267626 is gratefully acknowledged. Hakan Nigar acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Education for the FPU grant (Formacion del Profesorado Universitario - FPU12/06864), and also for the academic short stay grant (Estancia Breve - FPU2016) at the Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.Nigar, H.; Sturm, GSJ.; García-Baños, B.; Penaranda-Foix, FL.; Catalá Civera, JM.; Mallada, R.; Stankiewicz, A.... (2019). Numerical analysis of microwave heating cavity: Combining electromagnetic energy, heat transfer and fluid dynamics for a NaY zeolite fixed-bed. Applied Thermal Engineering. 155:226-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.03.117S22623815

Guidelines for the definition of operational management units

The objective of fisheries management is the sustainable exploitation of the fish resources over the extent of their spatial distribution. Along with the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) objectives, the socio-economic viability of the fisheries exploiting the resource is also to be achieved. To reach these aims, managers need to define the management units they are going to work with. For the purpose of GEPETO project, we define a management unit (MU) as the set of fishing fleets exploiting a common pool of fish resources with strong spatial overlapping and sharing of habitats, which make them being typically fished together. In other words, a MU is the set of fishing fleets exploiting a common fish community over their spatial distribution. MUs have to be defined by the fish community, by the spatial range of distribution of the fish community, and by the set of fishing fleets sharing the exploitation of the fish communityL'objectif de gestion de la pêche est l'exploitation durable des ressources halieutiques sur l'étendue de leur répartition spatiale. Avec la nouvelle Politique Commune de la pêche (PCP) l' objectif de la viabilité socio-économique des pêcheries exploitant la ressource doit également être réalisé. Pour l'atteindre, les gestionnaires doivent définir des unités de gestion. Les partenaires du projet GEPETO, définissent une unité de gestion (MU) comme l'ensemble des flottes de pêche exploitant un pool commun de ressources halieutiques disponibles dans des habitats communs, ce qui les rend très imbriquées. En d'autres termes, un MU est l'ensemble des flottes de pêche exploitant une communauté de poissons ordinaires sur leur répartition spatiale. La MU peu être définie par la communauté de poissons, par la gamme spatiale de la distribution de la communauté de poissons, et par l'ensemble des flottes de pêche qui partagent l'exploitation de la communauté de poissons