Understanding the significance of Olympic values in adults of Chile and Argentina

Olympic values serve as a significant educational strategy advocated by both the International Olympic Committee and National Olympic Committees globally. Despite their widespread promotion, there exists a dearth of research comparing the comprehension of Olympic values among the adult population. This study aimed to scrutinize the understanding of Olympic values among a sample of 200 Chilean and Argentine adults aged between 18 and 65 years. The investigation was conducted in the context of recent mega sporting events, specifically the Youth Olympic Games in Buenos Aires 2018 and the forthcoming Pan American Games in Santiago 2023. Employing the Fair Play theory and the Moral Competence Test, the research revealed a higher level of moral competence in the Argentine population compared to their Chilean counterparts. Interestingly, no discernible impact of the Youth Olympic Games in Buenos Aires was observed in Argentina. Parental influence emerged as the most significant factor affecting moral competence in both countries, while religion and media demonstrated comparatively less influence. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the interplay between Olympic values, moral competence, and contextual factors in adult populations across different nations

Efectos del entrenamiento de la fuerza con resistencia variable elástica a lo largo de la vida: una revisión sistemática

The benefits of strength training programs with isoto-nic free weights or machines have been well-documen-ted in all age groups. However, exercise and healthcare professionals sometime question whether it is possible to obtain the same results with devices of variable re-sistance, such as elastic bands. To answer this question, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify and summarize the positive effects of elastic resistance exercises used across the lifespan on health outcomes including body composition, functional and performan-ce capacity, and biochemical variables. A secondary aim was to identify common dosage parameters of strength training programs using elastic resistanceLos beneficios de los programas de entrenamiento de la fuerza con peso libre y máquinas isocinéticas del tipo isotónico han sido bien documentados en todas las franjas de edad. Sin embargo, los profesionales del ejercicio y la salud algunas veces se preguntan si es posible obtener los mismos resultados con dispositivos de resistencia variable, como por ejemplo las bandas elásticas. Para responder a esta pregunta, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar y resumir los efectos positivos de los ejercicios de fuerza con elásticos empleados a lo largo de las diferentes etapas de la vida sobre resultados relacionados con la salud, incluyendo la composición corporal, capacidad funcional, rendimiento físico y algunas variables bioquímicas. Un objetivo secundario fue identificar los parámetros de dosificación comunes de los programas de entrenamiento de la fuerza usando resistencia elásticaActividad Física y Deport

Relación entre la salud física ysalud mentalpsicológica en estudiantes Educación Física pertenecientes a distintas universidades de Chile

El objetivo de este estudio fue relacionar los efectos del confinamiento (COVID-19), en la salud física y psicológica, en universitarios de Educación física de Chile. La metodología es cuantitativa, transversal y descriptiva; la muestra estuvo constituida por 254 estudiantes pertenecientes a siete universidades chilenas. El 63% de la muestra fueron hombres (n = 160) y 37% mujeres (n = 94). La recogida de la información fue por medio del cuestionario auto informe del Impacto Psicológico del Coronavirus. Los resultados muestran que la variable Actividad Física en confinamiento se relacionó de forma negativa y significativa con la variable de IMC y Uso de Medios de Comunicación. Al relacionarse con Conductas Asociadas al Confinamiento y Escala de Experiencias Positivas ante la Adversidad, fue positiva y significativa; en relación a la Escala de Distres, se correlacionó negativa significativamente, de igual manera con la Escala de interferencia por el Coronavirus y Cuestionario de Impacto Psicológico del Coronavirus. Se concluye que existen efectos negativos para la salud física y psicológica de los estudiantes de Educación física producto del confinamiento y algunos positivos como el autocuidado y sistemas de protección

Saber disciplinario en la formación inicial docente : El caso de los estudiantes de último año de carreras de Pedagogía en Educación Física y Deportes en Chile

Este trabajo, buscó determinar el desempeño de saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último año de la Carrera deEducación Física y Deporte de Chile. Se describió y analizó el nivel de conocimientos disciplinarios como también diferencias significativas entre áreas, universidades, tipo de casas de estudios, género y dependencia escolar. Estudio descriptivo, observacional exploratorio, de carácter transversal asociadas a siete áreas de conocimientos disciplinarios vinculados a campos aplicativos y ejes temáticos propios del sistema educativo, propuestos en las Bases Curriculares Nacionales del Ministerio de Educación. El tipo de muestreo aplicado fue no probabilístico, por conveniencia, el cual consideró a seis universidades, contemplando un n=214 estudiantes. Se empleó una prueba de selección múltiple, que consideró 70 ítems, centrado en conocimientos disciplinarios, sometido previamente a validación de contenido y de consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach de .778), y pruebas de normalidad (Kolmogorov – Smirnov). Para determinar las diferencias entre distintas dimensiones, se utilizó estadística inferencial, ANOVA y prueba de Tuckey. Es posible determinar que los saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último semestre, poseen un desempeño regular. Los resultados contribuyen a los planes de mejoras de las casas de estudios.Chile is facing a long and complex academic, social, and political discussion about the quality assurance of Initial Teacher training. The institutions that train Physical Education and Sports Teachers have diversified. Evaluation of the different dimensions ofteacher training has created a network of relevant topics to be investigated. This work sought to evaluate the performance ofdisciplinary knowledge of senior students of the Physical Education and Sports Degree in Chile. The level of disciplinary knowledgewas described and analysed, and differences between areas, universities, institution type, gender, and school dependency were alsoevaluated. This study was a descriptive, observational, exploratory, cross-sectional study associated with seven areas of disciplinary knowledge linked to applied fields and thematic axes of the educational system, proposed in the National Curricular Bases ofthe Ministry of Education. The sampling type was non-probabilistic, for convenience, which considered six universities, with atotal number of 214 students. A multiple-choice test was used, with 70 questions, focused on disciplinary knowledge, which waspreviously subjected to content validation and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of .778), and normality tests (Kolmogorov -Smirnov). To determine the differences between different dimensions, inferential statistics, ANOVA and Tuckey tests were used. We concluded that the disciplinary knowledge of students in their last semester was regular. These results will contribute to the improvement of curricular studies in the different institutes.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Associaçao entre qualidade do sono e dor em jovens atletas amadores

[EN]Introduction: It has been shown that there is a close association between sleep quality and pain. In young athletes, sleep disorders and pain have a particularly high prevalence; however, the relationship between them has not been widely studied. Objective: To study the association between sleep quality and pain in young athletes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 71 young amateur athletes (39 males) were included. The mean age was 16.9 ± 1.2 years, with 6.5 ± 3.2 years of sports practice and 5.2 ± 1.2 hours of training per week. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The participants were classified according to sleep quality, as PSQI-I = without sleep disorders, PSQI-II = requiring medical assistance and PSQI-III = requiring medical assistance and treatment. Also, pain intensity was assessed on the Numerical Rating Scale, both at rest (NRSr) and during sports activity (NRSs), along with pain duration. Results: The individuals classified as PSQI-III presented higher NRSr (Mdn = 2.0; IQR = 4.0 vs. Mdn = 0.0; IQR = 2.0; p = 0.04) and higher NRSs (Mdn = 4.0; IQR = 5.0 vs. Mdn = 0.0; IQR = 2.0; p = 0.03) than the individuals classified as PSQI-I. No differences were observed in relation to pain duration. The PSQI score was positively but weakly associated with NRSr (rs = 0.24, p=0.046) and NRSs (rs = 0.27, p = 0.03) but not with pain duration. Conclusion: Young athletes with lower levels of sleep quality show higher levels of pain at rest and during sports practice. Therefore, sleep quality and pain should be considered in the routine assessment of young athletes, by technical and health teams. Level of evidence III; type of study: Cross-sectional . [ES]Introducción: Se demostró que existe estrecha relación entre calidad del sueño y dolor. En atletas jóvenes, los disturbios del sueño y dolor tienen prevalencia bastante alta, sin embargo, la relación entre ellos no fue ampliamente estudiada. Objetivo: Estudiar la asociación entre calidad del sueño y dolor en atletas jóvenes. Métodos: Fue realizado un estudio transversal, en el cual fueron incluidos 71 atletas jóvenes amateurs (39 hombres). El promedio de edad fue de 16,9 ± 1,2 años, con 6,5 ± 3,2 años de práctica deportiva y 5,2 ± 1,2 horas de entrenamiento por semana. La calidad del sueño fue evaluada por medio del Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Los participantes fueron clasificados de acuerdo con la calidad del sueño, PSQI-I= sin disturbios del sueño, PSQI-II= requiere atención médica y PSQI-III= requiere atención médica y tratamiento. Además, la intensidad del dolor fue evaluada en la Escala de Evaluación Numérica en reposo (EANr) y durante la actividad deportiva (EANe), juntamente con la duración del dolor. Resultados: Los individuos clasificados como PSQI-III presentaron mayor valor en el EANr (Mdn = 2,0; IQR = 4,0 vs. Mdn = 0,0; IQR = 2,0; p = 0,04) y EANe mayores (Mdn = 4,0; IQR = 5,0 vs. Mdn = 0,0; IQR = 2,0; p = 0,03) que los individuos clasificados con PSQI-I. No fue observada ninguna diferencia con relación a la duración del dolor. El puntaje del PSQI fue positivo y con débil asociación a EANr (rs = 0,24, p=0.046) y EANe (rs = 0,27, p = 0,03), pero no con la duración del dolor. Conclusión: Los atletas jóvenes con niveles más bajos de calidad del sueño tienen niveles más elevados de dolor en reposo y durante la práctica deportiva. Por lo tanto, la calidad del sueño y el dolor deben ser considerados por los equipos técnicos y de salud en la evaluación rutinaria de atletas jóvenes. Nivel de evidencia III;Tipo de estudio: Transversal. [PT]Introdução: Demonstrou-se que existe estreita associação entre qualidade do sono e dor. Em atletas jovens, distúrbios do sono e dor têm prevalência bastante alta, no entanto, a relação entre eles não foi amplamente estudada. Objetivo: Estudar a associação entre qualidade do sono e dor em atletas jovens. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, no qual foram incluídos 71 atletas jovens amadores (39 homens). A média de idade foi de 16,9 ± 1,2 anos, com 6,5 ± 3,2 anos de prática esportiva e 5,2 ± 1,2 horas de treinamento por semana. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada por meio do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Os participantes foram classificados de acordo com a qualidade do sono, PSQI-I = sem distúrbios do sono, PSQI-II = requer atendimento médico e PSQI-III = requer atendimento médico e tratamento. Além disso, intensidade da dor foi avaliada na Escala de Avaliação Numérica em repouso (EANr) e durante a atividade esportiva (EANe), juntamente com a duração da dor. Resultados: Os indivíduos classificados como PSQI-III apresentaram maior valor no EANr (Mdn = 2,0; IQR = 4,0 vs. Mdn = 0,0; IQR = 2,0; p = 0,04) e EANe maiores (Mdn = 4,0; IQR = 5,0 vs. Mdn = 0,0; IQR = 2,0; p = 0,03) do que os indivíduos classificados com PSQI-I. Nenhuma diferença foi observada com relação à duração da dor. O escore do PSQI foi positivo e com fraca associação a EANr (rs= 0,24, p=0.046) e EANe (rs= 0,27, p = 0,03), mas não com a duração da dor. Conclusão: Atletas jovens com níveis mais baixos de qualidade do sono têm níveis mais elevados de dor em repouso e durante a prática esportiva. Portanto, a qualidade do sono e a dor devem ser consideradas pelas equipes técnicas e de saúde na avaliação rotineira de atletas jovens. Nível de evidência III; Tipo de estudo: Transversal

Physical Exercise Methods and Their Effects on Glycemic Control and Body Composition in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): A Systematic Review

The prevalence of T2DM represents a challenge for health agencies due to its high risk of morbidity and mortality. Physical Activity (PA) is one of the fundamental pillars for the treatment of T2DM, so Physical Exercise (PE) programs have been applied to research their effectiveness. The objective of the study was to analyze the effects of PE methods on glycemic control and body composition of adults with T2DM. A systematic review without meta-analysis was performed, using the PubMed database. Quasi-experimental and pure experimental clinical trials were included, which were available free of charge and were published during 2010–2020. In the results, 589 articles were found and 25 passed the inclusion criteria. These were classified and analyzed according to the methods identified (AE, IE, RE, COM, and others), duration and variable(s) studied. It is concluded that PE is effective for glycemic control and body composition in adults with T2DM using different methods (AE, IE, RE, COM, and others), both in the short and long term. Adequate organization of PE components such as frequency, duration, volume, and intensity, is essential

Saber disciplinario en la formación inicial docente. El caso de los estudiantes de último año de carreras de Pedagogí­a en Educación Fí­sica y Deportes en Chile

Chile is facing a long and complex academic, social, and political discussion about the quality assurance of Initial Teacher training. The institutions that train Physical Education and Sports Teachers have diversified. Evaluation of the different dimensions of teacher training has created a network of relevant topics to be investigated. This work sought to evaluate the performance of disciplinary knowledge of senior students of the Physical Education and Sports Degree in Chile. The level of disciplinary knowledge was described and analysed, and differences between areas, universities, institution type, gender, and school dependency were also evaluated. This study was a descriptive, observational, exploratory, cross-sectional study associated with seven areas of disciplinary knowledge linked to applied fields and thematic axes of the educational system, proposed in the National Curricular Bases of the Ministry of Education. The sampling type was non-probabilistic, for convenience, which considered six universities, with a total number of 214 students. A multiple-choice test was used, with 70 questions, focused on disciplinary knowledge, which was previously subjected to content validation and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of .778), and normality tests (Kolmogorov - Smirnov). To determine the differences between different dimensions, inferential statistics, ANOVA and Tuckey tests were used. We concluded that the disciplinary knowledge of students in their last semester was regular. These results will contribute to the improvement of curricular studies in the different institutes.Este trabajo, buscó determinar el desempeño de saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último año de la Carrera de Educación Fí­sica y Deporte de Chile. Se describió y analizó el nivel de conocimientos disciplinarios como también diferencias significativas entre áreas, universidades, tipo de casas de estudios, género y dependencia escolar. Estudio descriptivo, observacional exploratorio, de carácter transversal asociadas a siete áreas de conocimientos disciplinarios vinculados a campos aplicativos y ejes temáticos propios del sistema educativo, propuestos en las Bases Curriculares Nacionales del Ministerio de Educación. El tipo de muestreo aplicado fue no probabilí­stico, por conveniencia, el cual consideró a seis universidades, contemplando un n = 214 estudiantes. Se empleó una prueba de selección múltiple, que consideró 70 í­tems, centrado en conocimientos disciplinarios, sometido previamente a validación de contenido y de consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach de .778), y pruebas de normalidad (Kolmogorov – Smirnov). Para determinar las diferencias entre distintas dimensiones, se utilizó estadí­stica inferencial, ANOVA y prueba de Tuckey. Es posible determinar que los saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último semestre, poseen un desempeño regular. Los resultados contribuyen a los planes de mejoras de las casas de estudios

Effects of Combined Movement and Storytelling Intervention on Fundamental Motor Skills, Language Development and Physical Activity Level in Children Aged 3 to 6 Years: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

This study protocol aims to analyze and compare the effects of combined movement and storytelling intervention (CMSI) on fundamental motor skills (locomotor skills and object control), language development (language comprehension, language expression, vocabulary and language description), and physical activity levels (light intensity, moderate-to-vigorous intensity and sedentary time) in children aged 3 to 6 years. The sample will consist of 144 children from 12 class groups, randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups (n = 72 children) and 3 control groups (n = 72 children), belonging to 4 class groups of upper-middle-level classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 3 to 4 years), 4 transition level 1 classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 4 to 5 years) and 4 transition level 2 classes (2 experimental and 2 control; 5 to 6 years). The experimental groups will perform CMSI for 3 sessions per week (40 min per session) over 12 weeks (using one motor story per week), while the control groups will not receive any treatment. The main outcome will provide information about fundamental motor skills, language development, and physical activity levels. Our hypothesis indicates that CMSI has the potential to generate significant increases in selected assessments. If this intervention proves to be beneficial, it could contribute to preschool and school curricula

Disciplinary knowledge in initial teacher training : The case of senior teaching students in Physical Education and Sports in Chile

Este trabajo, buscó determinar el desempeño de saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último año de la Carrera de Educación Física y Deporte de Chile. Se describió y analizó el nivel de conocimientos disciplinarios como también diferencias significativas entre áreas, universidades, tipo de casas de estudios, género y dependencia escolar. Estudio descriptivo, observacional exploratorio, de carácter transversal asociadas a siete áreas de conocimientos disciplinarios vinculados a campos aplicativos y ejes temáticos propios del sistema educativo, propuestos en las Bases Curriculares Nacionales del Ministerio de Educación. El tipo de muestreo aplicado fue no probabilístico, por conveniencia, el cual consideró a seis universidades, contemplando un n = 214 estudiantes. Se empleó una prueba de selección múltiple, que consideró 70 ítems, centrado en conocimientos disciplinarios, sometido previamente a validación de contenido y de consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach de .778), y pruebas de normalidad (Kolmogorov - Smirnov). Para determinar las diferencias entre distintas dimensiones, se utilizó estadística inferencial, ANOVA y prueba de Tuckey. Es posible determinar que los saberes disciplinarios de las y los estudiantes de último semestre, poseen un desempeño regular. Los resultados contribuyen a los planes de mejoras de las casas de estudios.Chile is facing a long and complex academic, social, and political discussion about the quality assurance of Initial Teacher training. The institutions that train Physical Education and Sports Teachers have diversified. Evaluation of the different dimensions of teacher training has created a network of relevant topics to be investigated. This work sought to evaluate the performance of disciplinary knowledge of senior students of the Physical Education and Sports Degree in Chile. The level of disciplinary knowledge was described and analysed, and differences between areas, universities, institution type, gender, and school dependency were also evaluated. This study was a descriptive, observational, exploratory, cross-sectional study associated with seven areas of disciplinary knowledge linked to applied fields and thematic axes of the educational system, proposed in the National Curricular Bases of the Ministry of Education. The sampling type was non-probabilistic, for convenience, which considered six universities, with a total number of 214 students. A multiple-choice test was used, with 70 questions, focused on disciplinary knowledge, which was previously subjected to content validation and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of .778), and normality tests (Kolmogorov - Smirnov). To determine the differences between different dimensions, inferential statistics, ANOVA and Tuckey tests were used. We concluded that the disciplinary knowledge of students in their last semester was regular. These results will contribute to the improvement of curricular studies in the different institutes