Ethical preferences for influencing superiors: A 41-society study

With a 41-society sample of 9990 managers and professionals, we used hierarchical linear modeling to investigate the impact of both macro-level and micro-level predictors on subordinate influence ethics. While we found that both macro-level and micro-level predictors contributed to the model definition, we also found global agreement for a subordinate influence ethics hierarchy. Thus our findings provide evidence that developing a global model of subordinate ethics is possible, and should be based upon multiple criteria and multilevel variables

Societal-level versus individual-level predictions of ethical behavior: a 48-society study of collectivism and individualism

Is the societal-level of analysis sufficient today to understand the values of those in the global workforce? Or are individual-level analyses more appropriate for assessing the influence of values on ethical behaviors across country workforces? Using multi-level analyses for a 48-society sample, we test the utility of both the societal-level and individual-level dimensions of collectivism and individualism values for predicting ethical behaviors of business professionals. Our values-based behavioral analysis indicates that values at the individual-level make a more significant contribution to explaining variance in ethical behaviors than do values at the societal-level. Implicitly, our findings question the soundness of using societal-level values measures. Implications for international business research are discussed

Acceptability to patients, carers and clinicians of an mHealth platform for the management of Parkinson's disease (PD_Manager): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is a degenerative neurological condition causing multiple motor and non-motor symptoms that have a serious adverse effect on quality of life. Management is problematic due to the variable and fluctuating nature of symptoms, often hourly and daily. The PD_Manager mHealth platform aims to provide a continuous feed of data on symptoms to improve clinical understanding of the status of any individual patient and inform care planning. The objectives of this trial are to (1) assess patient (and family carer) perspectives of PD_Manager regarding comfort, acceptability and ease of use; (2) assess clinician views about the utility of the data generated by PD_Manager for clinical decision making and the acceptability of the system in clinical practice. METHODS/DESIGN: This trial is an unblinded, parallel, two-group, randomised controlled pilot study. A total of 200 persons with Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 3, experiencing motor fluctuations at least 2 h per day), with primary family carers, in three countries (110 Rome, 50 Venice, Italy; 20 each in Ioannina, Greece and Surrey, England) will be recruited. Following informed consent, baseline information will be gathered, including the following: age, gender, education, attitudes to technology (patient and carer); time since Parkinson's diagnosis, symptom status and comorbidities (patient only). Randomisation will assign participants (1:1 in each country), to PD_Manager vs control, stratifying by age (1 ≤ 70 : 1 > 70) and gender (60% M: 40% F). The PD_Manager system captures continuous data on motor symptoms, sleep, activity, speech quality and emotional state using wearable devices (wristband, insoles) and a smartphone (with apps) for storing and transmitting the information. Control group participants will be asked to keep a symptom diary covering the same elements as PD_Manager records. After a minimum of two weeks, each participant will attend a consultation with a specialist doctor for review of the data gathered (by either means), and changes to management will be initiated as indicated. Patients, carers and clinicians will be asked for feedback on the acceptability and utility of the data collection methods. The PD_Manager intervention, compared to a symptom diary, will be evaluated in a cost-consequences framework. DISCUSSION: Information gathered will inform further development of the PD_Manager system and a larger effectiveness trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN17396879 . Registered on 15 March 2017

Paralelos

This article proposes a cross-reading of two French authors, Serge Moscovici and Pierre Bourdieu. They have contributed greatly to introducing new concepts and new theories into the social sciences, in an attempt to identify possible complementarities that they, or even their most direct followers, have rarely examined. Particular emphasis is given to the themes introduced by the philosophy and sociology of science, on which both took positions potentially more convergent than divergent. Its integration will be all the more necessary as the acceleration of current scientific and technological output presents new challenges to social reflexivity. Cet article propose une lecture croisée de deux auteurs français –Serge Moscovici et Pierre Bourdieu– qui contribuèrent largement à introduire de nouveaux concepts et de nouvelles théories en sciences sociales. On tâchera d’identifier de possibles complémentarités qu’eux-mêmes, voire leurs plus proches disciples, ont rarement examinées. On soulignera particulièrement les thèmes issus de la philosophie et de la sociologie de la science, sur lesquels les deux auteurs ont pris position en termes potentiellement plus convergents que divergents. Leur intégration est d’autant plus nécessaire que l’accélération de la production scientifique et technologique des temps actuels pose de nouveaux défis à la réflexivité sociale. Propõe-se uma leitura cruzada de dois autores franceses – Serge Moscovici e Pierre Bourdieu – que muito contribuíram para introduzir novos conceitos e novas teorias nas ciências sociais, numa tentativa de identificar possíveis complementaridades que eles próprios, ou mesmo os seus mais diretos continuadores, raramente examinaram. É dado particular relevo aos temas introduzidos pela filosofia e pela sociologia da ciência, sobre os quais ambos tomaram posição em termos potencialmente mais convergentes do que divergentes. A sua integração será tanto mais requerida quanto a aceleração da produção científica e tecnológica dos tempos atuais veio colocar novos desafios à reflexividade social.Se propone una lectura cruzada de dos autores franceses –Serge Moscovici y Pierre Bourdieu– que mucho contribuyeron a introducir nuevos conceptos y nuevas teorias en las ciencias sociales, en un intento de identificar posibles complementariedades que ellos mismos, o incluso sus más directos continuadores, raramente examinaron. Se hace especial hincapié en los temas introducidos por la filosofía y la sociologia de la ciencia, sobre los cuales ambos tomaron posición en términos potencialmente más convergentes que divergentes. Su integración será tanto más necesaria cuanto que la aceleración de la producción científica y tecnológica de los tiempos actuales ha venido a plantear nuevos desafíos a la reflexividad social.

Differences in strategies of upward influence: A comparative study of managers from

ABSTRACT This research investigates the impact that working together has on Eastern and Western culture managers regarding their strategies of upward influence. Specifically, we will investigate the degree to which foreign culture behavioral tactics are adopted by expatriates, and the impact of a long-term foreign sovereign on home-country managers' behavior. Macao provides a unique environment to investigate these issues. Thus, our subjects include Portuguese expatriates working in Macao and Macanese Chinese working in Macao, as well as Chinese working in China, and Portuguese working in Portugal. The latter two groups serve as our baseline groups. The findings indicate that there are cross-cultural differences in upward influence strategies that indicate tendencies for divergent and/or crossvergent behavior, with no indication of convergence. JEL: M1