Intervenciones Psicosociales en el Trastorno Bipolar

Introducción. En los últimos años han sido propuestas múltiples intervenciones psicosociales para el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar. Una revisión crítica de los modelos validados empíricamente resultaría de utilidad. Método. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos publicados en Medline/PubMed durante los años 2000- 2010 que respondieran al cruce de trastorno bipolar con las siguientes palabras claves: “psychosocial intervention”, “psychoeducational intervention” y “psychotherapy”. Resultados. Cuentan con validez empírica intervenciones provenientes de los modelos cognitivo-conductual, psicoeducativo, cuidado sistemático, interpersonal y familiar. Todas ellas dan cuenta de mejoras significativas en la adhesión a las indicaciones terapéuticas y un incremento en la funcionalidad Conclusiones. Si bien se utilizan diversas intervenciones psicosociales validadas para el abordaje del trastorno bipolar, su nivel de eficacia debería precisarse en base a variables más específicas como ser las formas clínicas, tipo de comorbilidad, fases o duración de la enfermedad. Estas delimitaciones permitirían seleccionar la intervención más adecuada según las características del paciente.Introduction. Multiple psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder have been proposed in recent years. Therefore, we consider that a critical review of empirically validated models would be useful. Methods. A review of the literature was conducted in Medline/PubMed for articles published during 2000-2010 that respond to the combination of “bipolar disorder” with the following key words: “psychosocial intervention,” “psychoeducational intervention” and “psychotherapy.” Results. Cognitive-behavioral, psychoeducational, systematic care models, interpersonal and family therapy interventions were found to be empirically validated. All of them reported significant improvements in therapeutic adherence and in the patients’ functionality. Conclusions. Although there are currently several validated psychosocial interventions for treating bipolar disorder, their efficacy needs to be specified in relation to more precise variables such as clinical type, comorbid disorders, stages or duration of the disease. Taking into account these clinical features would enable a proper selection of the most adequate intervention according to the patient’s specific characteristicsFil: Lolich, Maria. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vázquez, Gustavo H.. Universidad de Palermo; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez, Lina M.. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; ColombiaFil: Tamayo, Jorge M.. Universidad Ces.; Colombi

Intervenciones Psicosociales en el Trastorno Bipolar

Introducción. En los últimos años han sido propuestas múltiples intervenciones psicosociales para el tratamiento del trastorno bipolar. Una revisión crítica de los modelos validados empíricamente resultaría de utilidad. Método. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos publicados en Medline/PubMed durante los años 2000- 2010 que respondieran al cruce de trastorno bipolar con las siguientes palabras claves: “psychosocial intervention”, “psychoeducational intervention” y “psychotherapy”. Resultados. Cuentan con validez empírica intervenciones provenientes de los modelos cognitivo-conductual, psicoeducativo, cuidado sistemático, interpersonal y familiar. Todas ellas dan cuenta de mejoras significativas en la adhesión a las indicaciones terapéuticas y un incremento en la funcionalidad Conclusiones. Si bien se utilizan diversas intervenciones psicosociales validadas para el abordaje del trastorno bipolar, su nivel de eficacia debería precisarse en base a variables más específicas como ser las formas clínicas, tipo de comorbilidad, fases o duración de la enfermedad. Estas delimitaciones permitirían seleccionar la intervención más adecuada según las características del paciente.Introduction. Multiple psychosocial interventions for bipolar disorder have been proposed in recent years. Therefore, we consider that a critical review of empirically validated models would be useful. Methods. A review of the literature was conducted in Medline/PubMed for articles published during 2000-2010 that respond to the combination of “bipolar disorder” with the following key words: “psychosocial intervention,” “psychoeducational intervention” and “psychotherapy.” Results. Cognitive-behavioral, psychoeducational, systematic care models, interpersonal and family therapy interventions were found to be empirically validated. All of them reported significant improvements in therapeutic adherence and in the patients’ functionality. Conclusions. Although there are currently several validated psychosocial interventions for treating bipolar disorder, their efficacy needs to be specified in relation to more precise variables such as clinical type, comorbid disorders, stages or duration of the disease. Taking into account these clinical features would enable a proper selection of the most adequate intervention according to the patient’s specific characteristicsFil: Lolich, Maria. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vázquez, Gustavo H.. Universidad de Palermo; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez, Lina M.. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; ColombiaFil: Tamayo, Jorge M.. Universidad Ces.; Colombi

Identifying pathophysiological bases of disease in COVID-19

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that can affect lung physiology encompassing a wide spectrum of severities, ranging from asymptomatic and mild symptoms to severe and fatal cases; the latter including massive neutrophil infiltration, stroke and multiple organ failure. Despite many recents findings, a clear mechanistic description underlying symptomatology is lacking. In this article, we thoroughly review the available data involving risk factors, age, gender, comorbidities, symptoms of disease, cellular and molecular mechanisms and the details behind host/pathogen interaction that hints at the existence of different pathophysiological mechanisms of disease. There is clear evidence that, by targeting the angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) –its natural receptor–, SARS-CoV-2 would mainly affect the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), whose imbalance triggers diverse symptomatology-associated pathological processes. Downstream actors of the RAAS cascade are identified, and their interaction with risk factors and comorbidities are presented, rationalizing why a specific subgroup of individuals that present already lower ACE2 levels is particularly more susceptible to severe forms of disease. Finally, the notion of endotype discovery in the context of COVID-19 is introduced. We hypothesize that COVID-19, and its associated spectrum of severities, is an umbrella term covering different pathophysiological mechanisms (endotypes). This approach should dramatically accelerate our understanding and treatment of disease(s), enabling further discovery of pathophysiological mechanisms and leading to the identification of specific groups of patients that may benefit from personalized treatments.Fil: Goldin, Carla Jimena. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vázquez, Ramiro José. Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; Italia. Early Drug Development Group; FranciaFil: Polack, Fernando Pedro. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez Paggi, Damián Jorge. Fundación para la Investigación en Infectología Infantil; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

La contribución de las infraestructuras a la producción: estimación por máxima entropía

El análisis empírico de la productividad de las infraestructuras se ha enfrentado a múltiples problemas econométricos que parecen estar detrás de la gran variabilidad en los resultados obtenidos en la literatura. Uno de esos problemas es la multicolinealidad existente al estimar los parámetros de una función de producción regional que incluye entre los inputs la dotación de capital público. En este trabajo se aborda el problema de la multicolinealidad introduciendo información a priori sobre los parámetros de interés. Para ello, empleamos el método de máxima entropía para estimar una función de producción con datos de las regiones españolas. Los resultados de las estimaciones señalan que las infraestructuras tienen una influencia relevante en la producción.Infraestructuras, productividad, máxima entropía.

Embodied strategies for public speaking anxiety: evaluation of the Corp-Oral program

Producción CientíficaBackground: Public speaking is an indispensable skill that can profoundly influence success in both professional and personal spheres. Regrettably, managing anxiety during a speech poses a significant challenge for many of the population. This research assessed the impacts of a Corp-Oral program, designed to manage public speaking anxiety in university students, based on, body awareness, embodied message techniques, simulation, embodied visualization, body transformation, and gesture enhancement. Methods: Thirty-six students (61% women; Mage = 20.22, SD = 1.23 years) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 18), which underwent the Corp-Oral program, or a control group (n = 18). Self-perceived anxiety, heart rate, and electroencephalography were measured in a pre-test and a post-test. Results: The study reveals that the Corp-Oral program significantly (p < 0.005) reduced both physiological responses (heart rate) and self-reported measures of anxiety. The alteration was more noticeable in self-reported anxiety measures (a decrease of 33.217%) than in heart rate (a decrease of 4.659%). During the speech, the experimental group exhibited increased cortical activation in areas related to emotional regulation, consciousness, sensorimotor integration, and movement control. A significant increase in frontal alpha asymmetry was observed for the experimental group in the post-test, but there were no significant variations in the theta/beta ratio. Conclusion: These findings underline the benefit of managing public speaking anxiety not merely by reducing it but by channeling it through embodied strategies. These strategies could lead to greater action awareness that would cushion the physiological effect of the anxiety response and help generate a better self-perception of the anxiety state

Benefits of the coupling in the downscaling the South American climate

We evaluate the benefits of the use of a regional coupled model over its stand-alone atmospheric component when forced by reanalysis data in the simulation of the South American climate. We find that the coupling allows for a better simulation of important features of the atmospheric circulation and surface temperature. The simulated 2 meters air temperature is improved over most of the continent, the sea level pressure over the South Pacific Anticyclone area is better represented in the coupled simulation and the location of the ITCZ is improved during the austral winter. The precipitation, especially over the Andes, benefits less from the coupling, although a more realistic humidity transport leads to a reduction of the precipitation biases over extensive regions. The austral summer precipitation bias is reduced in areas such as eastern Colombia, northern Bolivia, eastern Brazil and central Argentina. For austral winter, the coupled model has a better performance in a large part of the Amazon region, in areas such as east of Peru, west Brazil, north Bolivia and south Argentina. Moreover, the regionally coupled model not only improves the simulation of important features of the observed atmospheric fields but also demonstrates good skills in reproducing the Humboldt upwelling system. Therefore, our study highlights the advantages of regional coupled models for the simulation of the South American climate, as the ocean-atmosphere interaction is of utmost importance for the circulation mechanisms that determine the climate of the region

Fast Ground Filtering of Airborne LiDAR Data Based on Iterative Scan-Line Spline Interpolation

Over the last two decades, a wide range of applications have been developed from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds. Most LiDAR-derived products require the distinction between ground and non-ground points. Because of this, ground filtering its being one of the most studied topics in the literature and robust methods are nowadays available. However, these methods have been designed to work with offline data and they are generally not well suited for real-time scenarios. Aiming to address this issue, this paper proposes an efficient method for ground filtering of airborne LiDAR data based on scan-line processing. In our proposal, an iterative 1-D spline interpolation is performed in each scan line sequentially. The final spline knots of a scan line are taken into account for the next scan line, so that valuable 2-D information is also considered without compromising computational efficiency. Points are labelled into ground and non-ground by analysing their residuals to the final spline. When tested against synthetic ground truth, the method yields a mean kappa value of 88.59% and a mean total error of 0.50%. Experiments with real data also show satisfactory results under visual inspection. Performance tests on a workstation show that the method can process up to 1 million points per second. The original implementation was ported into a low-cost development board to demonstrate its feasibility to run in embedded systems, where throughput was improved by using programmable logic hardware acceleration. Analysis shows that real-time filtering is possible in a high-end board prototype, as it can process the amount of points per second that current lightweight scanners acquire with low-energy consumptionThis work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sport, Government of Spain (Grant Number TIN2016-76373-P), the Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria (accreditation 2016–2019, ED431G/08, and ED431C 2018/2019), and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund—ERDF)S

La contribución de las infraestructuras a la producción: estimación por máxima entropía

[ES] El análisis empírico de la productividad de las infraestructuras se ha enfrentado a múltiples problemas econométricos que parecen estar detrás de la gran variabilidad en los resultados obtenidos en la literatura. Uno de esos problemas es la multicolinealidad existente al estimar los parámetros de una función de producción regional que incluye entre los inputs la dotación de capital público. En este trabajo se aborda el problema de la multicolinealidad introduciendo información a priori sobre los parámetros de interés. Para ello, empleamos el método de máxima entropía para estimar una función de producción con datos de las regiones españolas. Los resultados de las estimaciones señalan que las infraestructuras tienen una influencia relevante en la producción.S

Viabilidade financeira na Produção de Micro-organismos Benéficos para o Tratamento de Resíduos orgânicos: caso Azogues – Equador

Within the framework of recycling and its impact on world society, and Ecuadorian in particular, the purpose of the research was aimed at examining the financial viability of a project to produce micro-organisms that benefit households in the city of Azogues-Ecuador, reducing various problems generated by organic waste. The descriptive and exploratory study uses the survey as a tool to measure the variables of market research, then the documentary review is used to calculate financial viability. Theoretically it is supported by authors such as Sanmartín, Zhigue&Alaña (2017); Estévez (2014); Abad (2015); Del Coco (2015); Sánchez (2018); Castañeda and Adell, (2013); Sáez and Urdaneta (2014), among others. It is hoped that as a result, greater environmental awareness will be generated in society. Likewise, it will benefit farmers and people who carry out this activity on a smaller scale, since a manure or fertilizer will be produced that will improve agricultural production through materials, mostly organic and recyclable. For the execution of the business plan, the funds are expected to be reached through a bank loan and the contribution of the shareholders. Additionally, it aims to attract the curiosity of citizens in order to promote, improve and expand to neighboring cities, while helping organic waste generators with economic and social benefits.En el marco del tema de reciclaje y su impacto en la sociedad mundial, y ecuatoriana en particular, el propósito de la investigación estuvo orientado a examinar la viabilidad financiera de un dirigido a la producción de microrganismos que beneficien a los hogares de la ciudad de Azogues-Ecuador, reduciendo varios problemas generados por el desperdicio orgánico. El estudio descriptivo y exploratorio, emplea la encuesta como herramienta para medir las variables de la investigación de mercados, posteriormente se usa la revisión documental para el cálculo de la viabilidad financiera. Teóricamente se soporta en autores como Sanmartín, Zhigue & Alaña (2017); Estévez (2014); , Abad (2015); Del Coco (2015);Sánchez (2018); Castañeda y Adell, (2013); Sáez y Urdaneta (2014), entre otros. Se espera que como resultado se alcance a generar una mayor conciencia ambiental en la sociedad. De igual manera beneficiará a los agricultores y personas que realizan esta actividad a una escala más pequeña ya que se producirá un abono o fertilizante que mejorará la producción agrícola por medio de materiales, en su mayoría orgánicos y reciclables. Para la ejecución del plan de negocios, se prevé alcanzar los fondos por medio de un préstamo bancario y la aportación de los accionistas. Adicionalmente, se pretende atraer la curiosidad de los ciudadanos con el fin de promocionar, mejorar y expandirse a ciudades vecinas y a la vez ayudar a los generadores de desechos orgánicos con beneficios económicos y sociales.No âmbito do tema da reciclagem e seu impacto na sociedade mundial, e equatoriana em particular, o propósito da investigação esteve orientado a examinar a viabilidade financeira de um projeto dirigido à produção de microrganismos que beneficiam famílias na cidade de Azogues-Equador, reduzindo vários problemas gerados pelo resíduo orgânico. O estudo descritivo e exploratório, utiliza o inquérito como ferramenta para medir as variáveis da investigação de mercados, posteriormente se utiliza a revisão documental para o cálculo da viabilidade financeira. Teoricamente se sustenta em autores como Sanmartín, Zhigue&Alaña (2017); Estévez (2014); , Abad (2015); Del Coco (2015);Sánchez (2018); Castañeda y Adell, (2013); Sáez e Urdaneta (2014), entre outros. Com resultados da investigação Se espera gerar uma maior consciência ambiental na sociedade. De igual maneira beneficiará aos agricultores e pessoas que realizam esta atividade numa escala mais pequena pois se produzirá um estrume ou fertilizante que melhorará a produção agrícola por meio de materiais, na sua maioria orgânicos e recicláveis. Para a execução do plano de negócios, se prevê alcançar os fundos por meio de um empréstimo bancário e a aportação dos acionistas. Adicionalmente, se pretende atrair a curiosidade dos cidadãos com a finalidade de promover, melhorar e expandir-se a cidades vizinhas e a sua vez ajudar aos geradores de resíduos orgânicos com benefícios económicos e sociais