1,749 research outputs found
Active microwave users working group program planning
A detailed programmatic and technical development plan for active microwave technology was examined in each of four user activities: (1) vegetation; (2) water resources and geologic applications, and (4) oceanographic applications. Major application areas were identified, and the impact of each application area in terms of social and economic gains were evaluated. The present state of knowledge of the applicability of active microwave remote sensing to each application area was summarized and its role relative to other remote sensing devices was examined. The analysis and data acquisition techniques needed to resolve the effects of interference factors were reviewed to establish an operational capability in each application area. Flow charts of accomplished and required activities in each application area that lead to operational capability were structured
The Texel textile find revisited:the testing of cleaning and drying processes for historical wet rags
Correction: Statin Use and Cognitive Function:Population-Based Observational Study with Long-Term Follow-Up (vol 9, e115755, 2014)
Evaluation of computer-tailored health education ('E-health4Uth') combined with personal counselling ('E-health4Uth + counselling') on adolescents' behaviours and mental health status: Design of a three-armed cluster randomised controlled trial
Background: About 15% of adolescents in the Netherlands have mental health problems and many also have health risk behaviours such as excessive alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, use of drugs, and having unsafe sex. Mental health problems and health risk behaviours may have adverse effects on the short and longer term. Therefore, in the Netherlands there is a considerable support for an additional public health examination at age 15-16 years. The study evaluates the effect of two options for such an additional examination. Adolescents in the 'E-health4Uth' group receive internet-based tailored health messages on their health behaviour and well-being. Adolescents in the 'E-health4Uth + counselling' group receive the computer-tailored messages combined with personal counselling for adolescents at risk of mental health problems. Methods and design. A three-arm cluster randomised controlled trial will be conducted in the Netherlands among fourth-grade secondary school students. School classes are the unit of randomisation. Both intervention groups complete the computer-tailored program during one class session; the program focuses on nine topics related on health behaviour and well-being. For each topic a score is computed that can be compared with the Dutch health norms for adolescents. Based on the score, a message is presented that reflects the person's current behaviour or well-being, the Dutch health norm, and offers advise to change unhealthy behaviour or to talk to a person they trust. Adolescents in the 'E-health4Uth + counselling' group are also invited for an appointment to see the nurse when they are at risk of mental health problems. The control group receives 'care as usual'. The primary outcome measures are health behaviour (alcohol, drugs, smoking, safe sex) and mental health status. The secondary outcome measure is health-related quality of life. Data will be collected with a questionnaire at baseline and at 4-months follow-up. A process evaluation will also be conducted. Discussion. It is hypothesized that at follow-up adolescents in the 'E-health4Uth' group and adolescents in the 'E-health4Uth + counselling' group will show fewer mental health problems and less risky behaviour compared to the control group. Trial registration. Current Controlled Trials NTR3596
Do Two Symmetry Breaking Transitions in Photosynthetic Light Harvesting Complexes Form One, Two or More Kibble Zurek Model Topological Defects?
Kibble and Zurek proposed that rapid symmetry breaking transitions in the
hot, early universe could result in causally disconnected topological defects
such as cosmic strings. This type of first order transition has analogues in
certain second order transitions present in condensed matter such as liquid
crystals, super fluids, and charge density waves in terms of flux tubes or
vortices. Recently, we discovered that Rhodopseudomonas acidophilus
photosynthetic light harvesting complex might have different types of coherent
ground and excited states, suggesting that there are two different symmetry
breaking transitions. The B 850 ground states comprise eight identical rings
each containing 18 bacteriochlorophyll components, and each ring has undergone
a Bose Einstein phase transition to a charge density wave that lowers the
energy. The excited state coherence results from polariton formation from the
non-crossing of bosons, here an extension of exciton theory. The result is
short-lived quasi-particles with very low mass that can form an unusual BEC. We
suggest the oriented, circular B 850 and enclosed singlet B 875 compounds
create a new cavity structure with some attributes of a nano pillar. Since both
the ground and excited states should contain solitons, we envisage three fast
light pulse experiments could be able to map both the Kibble Zurek Model phase
transitions and energy transfers as a function of light intensity and time in
this complex at room temperature
Charge transport modulation by a redox supramolecular spin-filtering chiral crystal
The chirality induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is a fascinating
phenomena correlating molecular structure with electron spin-polarisation in
excited state measurements. Experimental procedures to quantify the
spin-filtering magnitude relies generally on averaging data sets, especially
those from magnetic field dependent conductive-AFM. We investigate the
underlying observed disorder in the IV spectra and the origin of spikes
superimposed. We demonstrate and explain that a dynamic, voltage sweep rate
dependent, phenomena can give rise to complex IV curves for chiral crystals of
coronene bisimide. The redox group, able to capture localized charge states,
acts as an impurity state interfering with a continuum, giving rise to Fano
resonances. We introduce a novel mechanism for the dynamic transport which
might also provide insight into the role of spin-polarization. Crucially,
interference between charge localisation and delocalisation during transport
may be important properties into understanding the CISS phenomena
Electrocardiographic variables in children with syndromic craniosynostosis and primary snoring to mild obstructive sleep apnea
Background: In the spectrum of children with symptomatic sleep disordered breathing (SDB), some individuals – such as those with upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) – do not have abnormalities on polysomnography (PSG). In this study we have assessed whether assessment of respiratory arrhythmia (RA) and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis helps in management of children with syndromic craniosynostosis and none-to-mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Methods: Prospective cohort study in children aged 1–18 years old with syndromic craniosynostosis. Children were selected for HRV analysis from the ECG if their obstructive apnea–hypopnea index (oAHI) was between zero and five per hour (ie, oAHI ≤5/hour). Subjects were divided into groups based on the presence or absence of respiratory arrhythmia (with or without RA respectively) using the electrocardiogram (ECG). The main analysis included studying the relationship between RA and HRV, symptoms, interventions, and sleep architecture.
Results: We identified 42 patients with, at worst, mild OSA. We found higher parasympathetic control and higher total power in children with RA during the non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep. Children with RA also have a relatively higher percentage of paradoxical breathing during non-REM sleep (P = 0.042). Intracranial hypertension was distributed equally between groups. Last, RA patients showed increased parasympathetic activity that further increased in non-REM sleep.
Conclusion: In syndromic craniosynostosis cases with SDB and PSG showing oAHI ≤5/hour, the presence of RA may indicate subsequent need for treatment interventions, and a trend toward higher occurrence of clinical symptoms. ECG analyses of HRV variables in subjects with RA demonstrate increased parasympathetic activity and total power. Such findings may add to the diagnosis of apparently asymptomatic children
Frauenforschung in der Soziologie - quo vadis?
It is widely accepted that the devastating consequences of spinal cord injury are due to the failure of lesioned CNS axons to regenerate. The current study of the spontaneous tissue repair processes following dorsal hemisection of the adult rat spinal cord demonstrates a phase of rapid and substantial nerve fibre in‐growth into the lesion that was derived largely from both rostral and caudal spinal tissues. The response was characterized by increasing numbers of axons traversing the clearly defined interface between the lesion and the adjacent intact spinal cord, beginning by 5 days post operation (p.o.). Having penetrated the lesion, axons became associated with a framework of NGFr‐positive non‐neuronal cells (Schwann cells and leptomeningeal cells). Surprisingly few of these axons were derived from CGRP‐ or SP‐immunoreactive dorsal root ganglion neurons. At the longest survival time (56 days p.o.), there was a marked shift in the overall orientation of fibres from a largely rostro‐caudal to a dorso‐ventral axis. Attempts to identify which recognition molecules may be important for these re‐organizational processes during attempted tissue repair demonstrated the widespread and intense expression of the cell adhesion molecules (CAM) L1 and N‐CAM. Double immunofluorescence suggested that both Schwann cells and leptomeningeal cells contributed to the pattern of CAM expression associated with the cellular framework within the lesion
Cross section of the reaction close to threshold
We have measured inclusive data on -meson production in collisions
at COSY J\"ulich close to the hyperon production threshold and determined the
hyperon-nucleon invariant mass spectra. The spectra were decomposed into three
parts: , and . The cross section for the
channel was found to be much smaller than a previous measurement in
that excess energy region. The data together with previous results at higher
energies are compatible with a phase space dependence.Comment: accepted by Phys. lett. B some typos correcte
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