210 research outputs found
DeepConv-DTI: Prediction of drug-target interactions via deep learning with convolution on protein sequences
Identification of drug-target interactions (DTIs) plays a key role in drug
discovery. The high cost and labor-intensive nature of in vitro and in vivo
experiments have highlighted the importance of in silico-based DTI prediction
approaches. In several computational models, conventional protein descriptors
are shown to be not informative enough to predict accurate DTIs. Thus, in this
study, we employ a convolutional neural network (CNN) on raw protein sequences
to capture local residue patterns participating in DTIs. With CNN on protein
sequences, our model performs better than previous protein descriptor-based
models. In addition, our model performs better than the previous deep learning
model for massive prediction of DTIs. By examining the pooled convolution
results, we found that our model can detect binding sites of proteins for DTIs.
In conclusion, our prediction model for detecting local residue patterns of
target proteins successfully enriches the protein features of a raw protein
sequence, yielding better prediction results than previous approaches.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figure
Thermo-graphic Detection of Surface Cracks
This paper describes a thermal gradient method for infrared thermography to detect surface crack in thin plate. Traditional thermal gradient method uses a deri-vative of thermal field, which may magnify a noise inevitable in experimental thermography induced mainly
by emissivity variation of target surface. This study develops a thermal gradient method robust to the noise using a holomorphic function of temperature field in a thin plate under steady-state thermal condition. The holomorphic function of a given temperature field is derived for 2-D heat flow in the plate from Cauchy-Riemann conditions, and applied to define a contour integral that varies according to the existence and strength of a singularity in the domain of integration. The integral calcuated at each point of thermal image eliminates the temperature variation due to heat conduction & suppress the noise, so that its image emphasizes and highlights
the singularity such as crack. This feature of holomorphic function is investigated numerically using a thermal field in thin plate that satisfies the Laplace equation representing steady-state heat flow. The simulation results show that the integral image selects and indicates asingularity like crack embedded artificially in the plate very well in a noisy environment
Strong call to safeguard traditional agriculture as habitat for threatened crane species
This Scientific Impact Paper summarizes the changes in policy and practice of crane conservation that have occurred since our 2019 research in the Cheorwon Basin located in the Civilian Control Zone (CCZ) of the Republic of Korea (ROK). Changes in National Policy as well as increased engagement of conservation NGOs have led to more engagement of farmers in safeguarding crane habitat in their fields. Yet the current system of lowâintensity rice farming is dependent on military landâuse restrictions.Marianne und Dr. Fritz Walter FischerâStiftungZempelin StiftungPeer Reviewe
Numerical Study of Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in Two Dimensions
We have studied forced turbulence of compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
flows through two-dimensional simulations with different numerical resolutions.
First, hydrodynamic turbulence with Mach number and density compression was generated by enforcing a random force. Then, initial,
uniform magnetic fields of various strengths were added with Alfv\'enic Mach
number . An
isothermal equation of state was employed, and no explicit dissipation was
included. After the MHD turbulence is saturated, the resulting flows are
categorized as very weak field (VWF), weak field (WF), and strong field (SF)
classes, which have ,
, and , respectively. Not only in the SF regime but
also in the WF regime, turbulent transport is suppressed by the magnetic field.
In the SF cases, the energy power spectra in the inertial range, although no
longer power-law, exhibit a range with slopes close to , hinting the
Iroshnikov-Kraichnan spectrum. Our simulations were able to produce the SF
class behaviors only with high resolution of at least grid cells. The
specific requirements for the simulation of the SF class should depend on the
code (and the numerical scheme) as well as the initial setup, but our results
do indicate that very high resolution would be required for converged results
in simulation studies of MHD turbulence.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures. To appear in ApJ. Postscript file with full
resolution in ftp://canopus.chungnam.ac.kr/ryu/mhdturb2d.p
Anthropomorphic Design: Emotional Perception for Deformable Object
Despite the increasing number of studies on user experience (UX) and user interfaces (UI), few studies have examined emotional interaction between humans and deformable objects. In the current study, we investigated how the anthropomorphic design of a flexible display interacts with emotion. For 101 unique 3D images in which an object was bent at different axes, 281 participants were asked to report how strongly the object evoked five elemental emotions (e.g., happiness, disgust, anger, fear, and sadness) in an online survey. People rated the objectâs shape using three emotional categories: happiness, disgustâanger, and sadnessâfear. It was also found that a combination of axis of bending (horizontal or diagonal axis) and convexity (bending convexly or concavely) predicted emotional valence, underpinning the anthropomorphic design of flexible displays. Our findings provide empirical evidence that axis of bending and convexity can be an important antecedent of emotional interaction with flexible objects, triggering at least three types of emotion in users
Molecular Line Profiles from a Core Forming in a Turbulent Cloud
We calculate the evolution of molecular line profiles of HCO and
CO toward a dense core thatis forming inside a magnetized turbulent
molecular cloud. Features of the profiles can be affected more significantly by
coupled velocity and abundance structures in the outer region than those in the
inner dense part of the core. The velocity structure at large radii is
dominated by a turbulent flow nearby and accretion shocks onto the core, which
resulting in the variation between inward and outward motions during the
evolution of the core. The chemical abundance structure is significantly
affected by the depletion of molecules in the central region with high density
and low temperature. During the evolution of the core, the asymmetry of line
profiles easily changes from blue to red, and vice versa. According to our
study, the observed reversed (red) asymmetry toward some starless cores could
be interpreted as an intrinsic result of outward motion in the outer region of
a dense core, which is embedded in a turbulent environment and still grows in
density at the center.Comment: 18pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Lette
A New Hardware Correlator in Korea: Performance Evaluation using KVN observations
We report results of the performance evaluation of a new hardware correlator
in Korea, the Daejeon correlator, developed by the Korea Astronomy and Space
Science Institute (KASI) and the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
(NAOJ). We conducted Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations at
22~GHz with the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) in Korea and the VLBI Exploration of
Radio Astrometry (VERA) in Japan, and correlated the aquired data with the
Daejeon correlator. For evaluating the performance of the new hardware
correlator, we compared the correlation outputs from the Daejeon correlator for
KVN observations with those from a software correlator, the Distributed FX
(DiFX). We investigated the correlated flux densities and brightness
distributions of extragalactic compact radio sources. The comparison of the two
correlator outputs show that they are consistent with each other within ,
which is comparable with the amplitude calibration uncertainties of KVN
observations at 22~GHz. We also found that the 8\% difference in flux density
is caused mainly by (a) the difference in the way of fringe phase tracking
between the DiFX software correlator and the Daejeon hardware correlator, and
(b) an unusual pattern (a double-layer pattern) of the amplitude correlation
output from the Daejeon correlator. The visibility amplitude loss by the
double-layer pattern is as small as 3\%. We conclude that the new hardware
correlator produces reasonable correlation outputs for continuum observations,
which are consistent with the outputs from the DiFX software correlator.Comment: 13 pagee, 9 figures, 3 tables, to appear in JKAS (received February
9, 2015; accepted March 16, 2015
Physical Properties of Tidal Features in Interacting Disk Galaxies
We explore tidal interactions of a galactic disk with Toomre parameter Q ~ 2
embedded in rigid halo/bulge with a point mass companion moving in a prescribed
parabolic orbit. Tidal interactions produce well-defined spiral arms and
extended tidal features such as bridge and tail that are all transient, but
distinct in nature. In the extended disks, strong tidal force is able to lock
the perturbed epicycle phases of the near-side particles to the perturber,
shaping them into a tidal bridge that corotates with the perturber. A tidal
tail develops at the opposite side as strongly-perturbed, near-side particles
overtake mildly-perturbed, far-side particles. The tail is essentially a narrow
material arm with a roughly logarithmic shape, dissolving with time because of
large velocity dispersions. Inside the disks where tidal force is relatively
weak, on the other hand, a two-armed logarithmic spiral pattern emerges due to
the kinematic alignment of perturbed particle orbits. While self-gravity makes
the spiral arms a bit stronger, the arms never become fully self-gravitating,
wind up progressively with time, and decay after the peak almost exponentially
in a time scale of ~ 1 Gyr. The arm pattern speed varying with both radius and
time converges to Omega-kappa/2 at late time, suggesting that the pattern speed
of tidally-driven arms may depend on radius in real galaxies. We present the
parametric dependences of various properties of tidal features on the tidal
strength, and discuss our findings in application to tidal spiral arms in
grand-design spiral galaxies. (Abridged)Comment: 49 pages, 17 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in
Astrophysical Journal. PDF version with higher resolution figures is
available at
http://astro.snu.ac.kr/~shoh/research/publications/astroph/Tidally_Induced_Spiral_Structure.pd
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