Secondary atomization of inelastic non-newtonian liquid drops in the bag and multimode regimes

Secondary atomization of inelastic shear thinning non-Newtonian liquids in the bag and multimode regimes was studied. Six mixtures were formulated from deionized (DI) water, Avantor Performance Materials\u27 USP grade 100% vegetable based glycerin, and Ashland\u27s Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-7MF or CMC-7HF). The resulting solutions had power law parameters flow behavior index, n, between 0.71 and 0.93 and consistency index, K, in the range of 0.0464 to 0.37 Pa·s n. The effective viscosity for each mixture was estimated using the power-law model and experimentally measured strain rates up to the initiation time. Secondary atomization was achieved using a continuous jet setup. Breakup events were captured using a Vision Research Phantom v7.3 high speed camera operated at \u3e6600 fps. This typically yielded more than 100 frames for each breakup event. Post processing was performed using an in-house MATLAB code. Breakup was observed to occur in the bag and multimode regimes. The measurement approach was validated by comparing DI-water values with literature results. The flow conditions and liquid properties varied between: 10 \u3c We \u3c 50, 0.00212 \u3c Oh \u3c 0.41, 0.71 ≤ n ≤ 0.93, 0.0464 ≤ K ≤ 0.37 Pa·sn, 990 \u3c ρL \u3c 1210 kg/m3, and 0.065 \u3c σ \u3c 0.073 N/m. Data obtained using the MATLAB code includes: initiation time, cross-stream diameter, drop displacement, velocity and acceleration, plus the coefficient of drag at initiation time. The bag breakup time was measured, along with the corresponding rim diameter, bag length, displacement, and velocity. Many of these quantities exhibited peaks in the bag or bag-and-stamen regimes, with magnitudes that varied with liquid properties. Results from the videos show shear thinning, inelastic drop breakup modes share many morphological features with those for Newtonian liquid drops. The only minor differences are persistent ligaments throughout every stage of breakup and non-uniform bag growth in the bag breakup regime. The similarity between current and Newtonian drop results means the classical We versus Oh regime map remains valid for shear thinning, inelastic drops. Two other correlations were found to adequately act as alternate regime maps. These include We versus liquid Reynolds number and We versus Rayleigh-Taylor Wave number. Finally, the Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) model was applied to the current results to determine its accuracy when predicting shear thinning, inelastic drop deformation. The aerodynamic force term was altered to account for the increasing drop projected area and drop viscosity modeled using the approximated strain rate up to initiation time. Data from post processing was used in order to further improve the TAB model. The result was quantitative agreement between predictions and experiments to within 29% for initiation time and 36% for drop velocity at initiation time

Effects of Electromagnetic Stimulation on Soil’s Hydraulic Conductivity

Our research involves the identification of the different effects that electromagnetic (EM) stimulation has on varying soil properties; properties such as hydraulic conductivity. This work could prove to be of importance in furthering our understanding of the effects of EM stimulation with regard to the hydraulic conductivity of soil. A positive correlation between EM stimulation and an increase in hydraulic conductivity could have broad applications for environmental contaminant mitigation in soils and for various geotechnical construction applications such as minimizing soil setup during pile driving operations. EM waves can be used to enhance soil and groundwater remediation in a way that no heat is generated, yet the desired mechanisms in soil are stimulated. Our approach in this project involved the construction of a customized permeameter that enabled us to measure the change in hydraulic conductivity given a tuned EM wave from an antenna. An EM wave with a fixed frequency and varying power output was sent through the permeameter while the hydraulic conductivity was measured in real time. Tests performed for the research project were successful in showing a correlation between hydraulic conductivity and EM stimulation

Propuesta de mejoramiento para el proceso de embalaje de las ofertas realizadas en la planta de Coca-Cola Femsa Bogotá D.C., para cada una de las etapas deAlmacenamiento, picking, cargue y su correspondiente estado al momento de llegar a su destino

El presente proyecto se desarrolla en Coca-Cola FEMSA Bogotá D.C. (embotelladora más grande de la marca Coca-Cola Company), este proyecto será útil tanto para la compañía como para los autores optando así por el título de Ingenieros Industriales, mediante la aplicación de herramientas y métodos en el énfasis de logística. Según el diagnóstico realizado, la oportunidad de mejora se enfatiza en las etapas de embalaje y cargue a camiones para los diferentes Sku s de ofertas producidas y distribuidas por Coca-Cola FEMSA Bogotá D.C.This project is developed in CocaCola FEMSA Bogotá D.C. (the biggest bottler in the CocaCola Company). This project will be useful for the authors as they are attempting to get their Bachelor title in Industrial Engineering and the company, via the application of logistics tools and methods. According to the diagnosis, the opportunity to improve is emphasized in the stages of packing and charge on trucks for different Sku's deals produced and distributed by CocaCola FEMSA Bogota D.C.Ingeniero (a) IndustrialPregrad

Agrifood By-Products as a Source of Phytochemical Compounds

In last years, food by-products and waste valorization practices have gained importance because these processes are sustainable and can increase the profit for local economies. Many compound families of phytochemicals like carotenoids, tocopherols, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds can be obtained through plant by-products coming from agroindustries, such as citric peels, tomato wastes or wine pomace. A number of novel methods like pressured liquid, microwaves or supercritical CO2 are being used for the extraction of compounds, affecting them in different ways. Phytochemicals obtained can be used in cosmetics, medical uses and dietary supplements or reused in agrifood industries among others, as natural pigments, antioxidants or antimicrobials

The Industrial Revolution in the 1st Bachillerato manuals: analysis and didactic proposal

RESUMEN La Revolución Industrial supuso el mayor cambio en la historia de las sociedades humanas desde el Neolítico. Dentro de la educación secundaria postobligatoria, la Revolución Industrial se imparte dentro del curso de 1º de Bachillerato en la materia de Historia del Mundo Contemporáneo. En este sentido, el presente Trabajo Final de Máster recoge los elementos fundamentales de la Revolución Industrial atendiendo a los factores que la dotan de un mayor carácter explicativo. Asimismo, se analizan como recurso didáctico los manuales de 1º de Bachillerato de Historia del Mundo Contemporáneo, advirtiendo no solo a sus contenidos, y a cuáles son a los que se les da una mayor importancia, sino también a la metodología didáctica de sus actividades. Todo ello, con la intención de abordar el principal objetivo del Trabajo Final de Máster, la de llevar a cabo una propuesta didáctica que trate de mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Revolución Industrial en el curso de 1º de Bachillerato.ABSTRACT The Industrial Revolution was the greatest change in the history of human societies since the Neolithic. Within the post-compulsory secondary education, the Industrial Revolution is taught within the 1st year of Baccalaureate in the subject of Contemporary World History. In this sense, this Master's Final Project includes the fundamental elements of the Industrial Revolution, taking into account the factors that give it a greater explanatory character. Likewise, the manuals of the 1st year of High School History of the Contemporary World are analyzed as a didactic resource, not only warning their contents, and which ones are given greater importance, but also the didactic methodology of their activities. All this, with the intention of addressing the main objective of the Final Master's Project, that of carrying out a didactic proposal that tries to improve the teaching-learning process of the Industrial Revolution in the 1st year of Bachillerato.Máster en Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundari

Radares da violência : infraestruturas digitais de uma política pública

As transformações na área da Segurança Pública que o Brasil experimentou ao longo da década de 2000, com políticas como o Plano Nacional de Segurança Pública e o Programa Nacional de Segurança Pública com Cidadania (PRONASCI), buscaram, entre vários outros objetivos, redistribuir as obrigações entre União, Estado e Município no enfrentamento à violência. Neste sentido, diversos municípios receberam incentivo para desenvolver iniciativas locais na área de Segurança Pública. Este projeto se insere na área das Ciências Humanas e busca conjugar Antropologia e Políticas Públicas a partir de uma pesquisa etnográfica em um laboratório de análise criminal do município de Canoas, na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre no Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma etnografia das práticas que conformam e materializam a Política Municipal de Segurança Pública no município de Canoas. Esta política tem como centro o Observatório de Segurança Pública de Canoas (OSPC), laboratório de análise social que, desde 2009, é mantido pela Secretaria Municipal de Segurança Pública e Cidadania de Canoas (SMSPC). Observando e acompanhando as práticas cotidianas do laboratório, pude identificar relações e controvérsias que escapam as usuais representações desta política pública. Neste sentido, chamo atenção para o papel central que a tecnologia tem sobre o trabalho dos técnicos e gestores públicos. A partir da descrição destas rotinas me atendo para a dimensão de uma infraestrutura digital que permeia todas as etapas da construção de indicadores criminais e conforma por si, a própria política de segurança municipal. Desta forma práticas locais são reorganizadas por infraestruturas globais e tem seus arranjos alterados. Por fim, sugiro que a Antropologia pode fornecer abordagens mais humanizadas aos estudos em Políticas Públicas.Since 2000, public security policies has changed in Brazil. Some of that, as the Plano Nacional de Segurança Pública and the Programa Nacional de Segurança Pública com Cidadania (PRONASCI), sought to redistribute the obligations between the Federal Government, States and Municipalities in facing violence. In this sense, several municipalities have been encouraged to develop local initiatives in Public Security issues. This research of Human Sciences and seeks to conjugate Anthropology and Public Policies from an ethnographic research in a laboratory of criminal analysis of the municipality of Canoas, in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Particularly, this is an ethnography of the practices that conform and materialize the Municipal Public Security Policy in Canoas. The policy in question is centered on the Observatório de Segurança Pública de Canoas (OSPC), a social analysis laboratory that, since 2009, has maintained by the Municipal Secretariat of Public Safety and Citizenship of Canoas (SMSPC). It observing and following the daily practices of the laboratory, I was able to identify relations and controversies that escape the usual representations of this public policy. In this sense, I call to attention to the central role that technology has over the work of technicians and public managers. From the description of these routines I take into account the dimension of a digital infrastructure that permeates all stages of the construction of criminal indicators and conforms by itself, the municipal security policy itself. In this way local practices are reorganized by global infrastructures and have their arrangements changed. Finally, I suggest that Anthropology can provide more humanized approaches to studies in Public Policy

The impact of the oil crisis in Spain: from the first oil shock to overcoming the crisis (1973-1985)

RESUMEN: El presente trabajo aborda las consecuencias económicas que la crisis internacional del petróleo tuvo sobre la economía española. La crisis del petróleo afectó a la vida económica de España desde el año 1973, momento en el que se produce el primer shock petrolero, consecuencia directa de la guerra de Yom Kippur, hasta el fin de las políticas de saneamiento y reforma y el comienzo de la recuperación económica en el año 1985. Por todo ello, el trabajo analiza pormenorizadamente la evolución económica de España en el periodo 1973-1985, donde los factores político-institucionales causados por la transición política y la inercia del capitalismo corporativo español de la época, solapan y retrasan el ajuste económico necesario para la superación de la crisis, generando una profundización de la misma y postergando la recuperación y homologación con el resto de economías de su entono más avanzado.ABSTRACT: The present work exposes the economic consequences that the international oil crisis had on the Spanish economy. The oil crisis affected the economic life of Spain since 1973, when the first oil shock occurred, a direct consequence of the Yom Kippur war, until the end of the sanitation and reform policies and the beginning of the economic recovery in 1985. To achieve this end, the work analyzes in detail the economic evolution of Spain in the period of 1973-1985, where the political-institutional factors caused by the political transition and the inertia of Spanish corporate capitalism of the time, they overlap and delay the economic adjustment necessary to overcome the crisis, generating a deepening of the crisis and postponing recovery and homologation with the rest of the western economies.Grado en Histori

Trabalhadores on demand e pandemia : uma etnografia com motoristas e entregadores de aplicativo na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre

Trabalho, tecnologias e pandemia são temas transversais que se encontram ao longo desta pesquisa. A partir da reconstrução das políticas trabalhistas no Brasil, analisa-se como a Reforma Trabalhista de 2017 marca um acentuado processo de avanço da estratégia neoliberal que suprime direitos, garantias e condições de trabalho decente, em troca de uma pretensa modernização ‒ que nunca chegou ‒. Mais recentemente, a chegada de tecnologias digitais, aliada ao processo de desregulamentação do trabalho, proporcionou a migração deste sofrimento para as plataformas digitais. Este processo vem sendo chamado de Uberização, Plataformização do Trabalho e outros termos emergentes. Nos interessa aqui o controle e o gerenciamento do trabalho realizado por processos algorítmicos e como estas populações se relacionam e percebem este fenômeno. Para compreender isto, foi realizada uma etnografia que acompanhou, durante 14 meses, motoristas e entregadores que trabalham por aplicativo. Este empreendimento trouxe desafios metodológicos e teóricos em razão de suas condições excepcionais, que são debatidos ao longo do texto. Por fim, é durante uma pandemia que este trabalho e as histórias contidas nele acontecem. Para tanto, se buscou trazer a dimensão múltipla da pandemia e a maneira como esta traz relevo aos problemas já presentes. Conciliando a pandemia e o digital, argumenta-se que a precarização do trabalho não é resultado de ambos, mas da exploração inerente ao sistema capitalista. Com esta discussão, propõe-se a ampliação dos debates à direção de uma agenda de políticas públicas a respeito da relação de trabalho, tecnologias digitais e eventos críticos. como a pandemia do novo coronavírus.Labor, technologies, and a pandemic are intersected issues throughout this research. From the reconstruction of labor policies in Brazil, we analyze how the 2017 Labor Reform marks a marked process of advancement of the neoliberal strategy that suppresses rights, guarantees, and decent work conditions, in exchange for an alleged modernization - which never arrived. More recently, the arrival of digital technologies, combined with deregulation of work, provided the migration of this suffering to digital platforms. This process has been called Uberization, Work Platform, and other emerging terms. We are interested in controlling and managing work performed by algorithmic strategies and how these populations relate to and perceive this phenomenon. We carried out an ethnography that followed drivers and riders working by application for 14 months to understand this issue. This undertaking brought methodological and theoretical challenges due to its exceptional conditions are discussed throughout the text. Finally, it is during a pandemic that this work and the stories contained in it take place. Therefore, we sought to bring the multiple dimension of the pandemic and how it highlights the problems already present. Reconciling the pandemic and the digital, we argue that the precariousness of work is not a result of these but the inherent exploitation of the capitalist system. With this discussion, we propose expanding debates towards a public policy agenda regarding the employment relationship, digital technologies, and critical events such as the new coronavirus pandemic