94,980 research outputs found
Escape from Death Row: A Study of “Tripping” as an Individual Adjustment Strategy Among Death Row Prisoners
[Excerpt] “The literature on stress and coping in American prisons tends to focus on the social dimensions of prison life. This literature describes a prison culture that shapes prison adjustment; such a culture entails norms, roles, and groups (including gangs) that dictate norms of adjustment. The literature also suggests that prisoners have to find a way to get along in the more public areas of the prison (such as the prison yard or mess hall) or retreat to smaller worlds within the prison while carving out “niches” that allow them to adjust in ways they find more familiar—in their jobs, educational or vocational classes, or even in a regular regimen of television in the cell. While there is much of value in this literature, recent trends in correctional management have produced more sharply subscribed prison environments that greatly reduce social activity among prisoners and presumably reduce the salience of cultural forces in the prison world.
Pair Formation within Multi-Agent Populations
We present a simple model for the formation of pairs in multi-agent
populations of type A and B which move freely on a spatial network. Each agent
of population A (and B) is labeled as Ai (and Bj) with i=1,.. NA (and j=1,..NB)
and carries its own individual list of characteristics or 'phenotype'. When
agents from opposite populations encounter one another on the network, they can
form a relationship if not already engaged in one. The length of time for which
any given pair stays together depends on the compatibility of the two
constituent agents. Possible applications include the human dating scenario,
and the commercial domain where two types of businesses A and B have members of
each type looking for a business partner, i.e. Ai+Bj-->Rij. The pair Rij then
survives for some finite time before dissociating Rij-->Ai+Bj. There are many
possible generalizations of this basic setup. Here we content ourselves with
some initial numerical results for the simplest of network topologies, together
with some accompanying analytic analysis.Comment: Special Issue on Complex Networks, edited by Dirk Helbin
Horizon Report 2009
El informe anual Horizon investiga, identifica y clasifica las tecnologĂas emergentes que los expertos que lo elaboran prevĂ©n tendrán un impacto en la enseñanza aprendizaje, la investigaciĂłn y la producciĂłn creativa en el contexto educativo de la enseñanza superior. TambiĂ©n estudia las tendencias clave que permiten prever el uso que se hará de las mismas y los retos que ellos suponen para las aulas. Cada ediciĂłn identifica seis tecnologĂas o prácticas. Dos cuyo uso se prevĂ© emergerá en un futuro inmediato (un año o menos) dos que emergerán a medio plazo (en dos o tres años) y dos previstas a más largo plazo (5 años)
New Voters Will Influence Outcome in New Hampshire Primary
In this data snapshot, authors Kenneth Johnson, Dante Scala, and Andrew Smith discuss factors going into New Hampshire\u27s 2020 Primary that could influence the outcome
Chewing gum moderates multi-task induced shifts in stress, mood, and alertness: A re-examination
The finding that chewing gum can moderate stress and mood changes following a multi-task cognitive stressor (Scholey, Haskell, Robertson, Kennedy, Milne, and Wetherell, 2009) was re-examined. In a repeated measures cross-over design, thirty participants completed a 20-minute multi-tasking stressor on consecutive days, both with and without chewing gum. Both prior to and post stressor, participants provided salivary cortisol samples and self-rated measures of stress, state anxiety, calmness, contentedness, and alertness. Contrary to Scholey et al. (2009), chewing gum failed to attenuate both salivary cortisol levels and the increase in self-rated stress. Self-rated anxiety, calmness, and contentedness were not impacted by chewing gum. This suggests that the stress effects reported by Scholey et al. may be constrained by particular features of that study (e.g. morning testing). However, consistent with Scholey et al. (2009), chewing gum was shown to increase alertness following the stressor. The mechanisms underpinning heightened alertness are unclear; however, such increases may be linked to greater cerebral activity following the chewing of gum (Fang Li, Lu, Gong, and Yew, 2005)
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