HelsinkiNet - a collaborative seismological research network of the Institute of Seismology, and the City of Helsinki

Non peer reviewe

HelsinkiNet - a collaborative seismological research network of the Institute of Seismology, and the City of Helsinki

Non peer reviewe

Tammervoiman geotermisen voimalan seisminen monitorointi 2021

Tampereen Tarastenjärvellä, Tammervoiman hyötyvoimalaitoksen pihalla aloitettiin kesällä 2021 syvän geotermisen lämpökaivon poraukset. Rakenteilla oleva kaivo on pilottiprojekti, jossa Tampereen Sähkölaitoksen ja Tammervoiman lisäksi on mukana 15:stä energia-alan suomalaisesta kaupunkiyhtiöstä koostuva Kaupunkilämpö-konsortio. Hankkeen operaattorina ja päätoteuttajana toimii Thermo Rock Oy. Ensimmäisessä vaiheessa tavoitteena on saavuttaa kolmen kilometrin poraussyvyys. Seismologian instituutti asensi projektin seismistä valvontaa varten yhden reaaliaikaisesti dataa lähettävän laajakaistaseismometrin sekä kuuden geofonin asemaverkon. Reaaliaikainen seisminen valvonta toteutettiin osana Seismologian intituutin tekemää kansallista seismistä monitorointia. Mahdollisten havaittujen maanjäristysten varalta oli sovittu nopeasta viestinnästä sekä projektin toteuttajille että projektia valvoville viranomaisille. Tarastenjärven lähialueen tapauksia analysoitiin tarkemmin jälkikäteen. Jälkianalyysissä käytettiin reaaliaikaisen aineiston lisäksi kuudelta geofoniasemalta valvontajakson lopuksi noudettua aineistoa. Kahdenkymmenen kilometrin säteellä Tarastenjärven voimalaitoksesta havaittiin ja paikannettiin 90 seismistä tapausta vuoden 2021 ajalta. Kaikki olivat räjäytyksiä louhoksilta tai rakennustyömailta. Tapauksista 50 havaittiin ja analysoitiin osana kansallista seismistä valvontaa. Näiden tapausten magnitudit olivat 0,1:n ja 1,3:n välillä mediaanin ollessa 0,7. Tarastenjärven valvontajakson 18.5.–31.11.2021 aikana päivittäisanalyysissä havaittiin 40 pientä tapausta, jotka pystyttiin luokittelemaan räjäytyksiksi ja paikannettiin myöhemmin geofoniasemilta saadun lisäaineiston avulla. Näiden tapausten magnitudit olivat -0,7:n ja 1,3:n välillä mediaanin ollessa 0,1. Geofonidatalle jälkikäteen ajetulla automaattisella detektorilla ei löydetty enempää tapauksia aivan Tarastenjärven voimalaitoksen läheisyydestä.In summer 2021 Tampereen Sähkölaitos and Tammervoma started drilling a deep geothermal well as a pilot project on the Tarastenjärvi power plant premises in Tampere. In addition to local companies the Kaupunkilämpö consortium of 15 urban energy companies from Finland is involved in the project. Main operator is Thermo Rock Oy. In the first phase of the project, the goal is to reach three kilometers depth. For seismic monitoring of the project Institute of Seismology University of Helsinki istalled a network consisting of one real-time broad-band seismic station and six geophone stations. Real-time seismic monitoring of Tarastenjärvi area was incorporated into the institute's national seismic monitoring. A procedure for fast communication to the operators and authorities monitoring the project was established in case of observed earthquakes. Within 20 kilometers from the Tarastenjärvi power plant 90 seismic events were detected and localized from the year 2021 seismic data. All were explosions from quarries or construction sites. Fifty events were detected and analysed as a part of national seismic monitoring. Magnitudes of those events were between 0.1 and 1.3 with a median of 0.7. During the project's monitoring period from May 18th to November 31st forty additional small events were detected and later analysed with data from the geophone network. Magnitudes of these events were between -0.7 and 1.3 with a median of 0.1. An automatic detector applied to geophone data revealed even more small events but no earthquakes, and none of the events were in the immediate proximity of the Tarastenjärvi power plant

Tammervoiman geotermisen voimalan seisminen monitorointi 2021

Tampereen Tarastenjärvellä, Tammervoiman hyötyvoimalaitoksen pihalla aloitettiin kesällä 2021 syvän geotermisen lämpökaivon poraukset. Rakenteilla oleva kaivo on pilottiprojekti, jossa Tampereen Sähkölaitoksen ja Tammervoiman lisäksi on mukana 15:stä energia-alan suomalaisesta kaupunkiyhtiöstä koostuva Kaupunkilämpö-konsortio. Hankkeen operaattorina ja päätoteuttajana toimii Thermo Rock Oy. Ensimmäisessä vaiheessa tavoitteena on saavuttaa kolmen kilometrin poraussyvyys. Seismologian instituutti asensi projektin seismistä valvontaa varten yhden reaaliaikaisesti dataa lähettävän laajakaistaseismometrin sekä kuuden geofonin asemaverkon. Reaaliaikainen seisminen valvonta toteutettiin osana Seismologian intituutin tekemää kansallista seismistä monitorointia. Mahdollisten havaittujen maanjäristysten varalta oli sovittu nopeasta viestinnästä sekä projektin toteuttajille että projektia valvoville viranomaisille. Tarastenjärven lähialueen tapauksia analysoitiin tarkemmin jälkikäteen. Jälkianalyysissä käytettiin reaaliaikaisen aineiston lisäksi kuudelta geofoniasemalta valvontajakson lopuksi noudettua aineistoa. Kahdenkymmenen kilometrin säteellä Tarastenjärven voimalaitoksesta havaittiin ja paikannettiin 90 seismistä tapausta vuoden 2021 ajalta. Kaikki olivat räjäytyksiä louhoksilta tai rakennustyömailta. Tapauksista 50 havaittiin ja analysoitiin osana kansallista seismistä valvontaa. Näiden tapausten magnitudit olivat 0,1:n ja 1,3:n välillä mediaanin ollessa 0,7. Tarastenjärven valvontajakson 18.5.–31.11.2021 aikana päivittäisanalyysissä havaittiin 40 pientä tapausta, jotka pystyttiin luokittelemaan räjäytyksiksi ja paikannettiin myöhemmin geofoniasemilta saadun lisäaineiston avulla. Näiden tapausten magnitudit olivat -0,7:n ja 1,3:n välillä mediaanin ollessa 0,1. Geofonidatalle jälkikäteen ajetulla automaattisella detektorilla ei löydetty enempää tapauksia aivan Tarastenjärven voimalaitoksen läheisyydestä.In summer 2021 Tampereen Sähkölaitos and Tammervoma started drilling a deep geothermal well as a pilot project on the Tarastenjärvi power plant premises in Tampere. In addition to local companies the Kaupunkilämpö consortium of 15 urban energy companies from Finland is involved in the project. Main operator is Thermo Rock Oy. In the first phase of the project, the goal is to reach three kilometers depth. For seismic monitoring of the project Institute of Seismology University of Helsinki istalled a network consisting of one real-time broad-band seismic station and six geophone stations. Real-time seismic monitoring of Tarastenjärvi area was incorporated into the institute's national seismic monitoring. A procedure for fast communication to the operators and authorities monitoring the project was established in case of observed earthquakes. Within 20 kilometers from the Tarastenjärvi power plant 90 seismic events were detected and localized from the year 2021 seismic data. All were explosions from quarries or construction sites. Fifty events were detected and analysed as a part of national seismic monitoring. Magnitudes of those events were between 0.1 and 1.3 with a median of 0.7. During the project's monitoring period from May 18th to November 31st forty additional small events were detected and later analysed with data from the geophone network. Magnitudes of these events were between -0.7 and 1.3 with a median of 0.1. An automatic detector applied to geophone data revealed even more small events but no earthquakes, and none of the events were in the immediate proximity of the Tarastenjärvi power plant

Оптимизация энергопотребления электроплавильных печей с использованием технологий предварительного подогрева шихты

Материалы ХI Международной науч.-техн. конф. студентов, магистрантов и аспирантов [28-29 апреля 2011 г., г. Гомель]. - Гомель, 2011

Genome-wide linkage scan for colorectal cancer susceptibility genes supports linkage to chromosome 3q

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality. The disease is clinically and genetically heterogeneous though a strong hereditary component has been identified. However, only a small proportion of the inherited susceptibility can be ascribed to dominant syndromes, such as Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) or Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). In an attempt to identify novel colorectal cancer predisposing genes, we have performed a genome-wide linkage analysis in 30 Swedish non-FAP/non-HNPCC families with a strong family history of colorectal cancer.Methods: Statistical analysis was performed using multipoint parametric and nonparametric linkage.Results: Parametric analysis under the assumption of locus homogeneity excluded any common susceptibility regions harbouring a predisposing gene for colorectal cancer. However, several loci on chromosomes 2q, 3q, 6q, and 7q with suggestive linkage were detected in the parametric analysis under the assumption of locus heterogeneity as well as in the nonparametric analysis. Among these loci, the locus on chromosome 3q21.1- q26.2 was the most consistent finding providing positive results in both parametric and nonparametric analyses Heterogeneity LOD score (HLOD) = 1.90, alpha = 0.45, Non-Parametric LOD score (NPL) = 2.1).Conclusion: The strongest evidence of linkage was seen for the region on chromosome 3. Interestingly, the same region has recently been reported as the most significant finding in a genome-wide analysis performed with SNP arrays; thus our results independently support the finding on chromosome 3q

BRCA2 polymorphic stop codon K3326X and the risk of breast, prostate, and ovarian cancers

Background: The K3326X variant in BRCA2 (BRCA2*c.9976A>T; p.Lys3326*; rs11571833) has been found to be associated with small increased risks of breast cancer. However, it is not clear to what extent linkage disequilibrium with fully pathogenic mutations might account for this association. There is scant information about the effect of K3326X in other hormone-related cancers. Methods: Using weighted logistic regression, we analyzed data from the large iCOGS study including 76 637 cancer case patients and 83 796 control patients to estimate odds ratios (ORw) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for K3326X variant carriers in relation to breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer risks, with weights defined as probability of not having a pathogenic BRCA2 variant. Using Cox proportional hazards modeling, we also examined the associations of K3326X with breast and ovarian cancer risks among 7183 BRCA1 variant carriers. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: The K3326X variant was associated with breast (ORw = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.40, P = 5.9x10- 6) and invasive ovarian cancer (ORw = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.43, P = 3.8x10-3). These associations were stronger for serous ovarian cancer and for estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer (ORw = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.2 to 1.70, P = 3.4x10-5 and ORw = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.76, P = 4.1x10-5, respectively). For BRCA1 mutation carriers, there was a statistically significant inverse association of the K3326X variant with risk of ovarian cancer (HR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.84, P = .013) but no association with breast cancer. No association with prostate cancer was observed. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that the K3326X variant is associated with risk of developing breast and ovarian cancers independent of other pathogenic variants in BRCA2. Further studies are needed to determine the biological mechanism of action responsible for these associations

Risk perception after genetic counseling in patients with increased risk of cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Counselees are more aware of genetics and seek information, reassurance, screening and genetic testing. Risk counseling is a key component of genetic counseling process helping patients to achieve a realistic view for their own personal risk and therefore adapt to the medical, psychological and familial implications of disease and to encourage the patient to make informed choices <abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr><abbr bid="B2">2</abbr></abbrgrp>.</p> <p>The aim of this study was to conceptualize risk perception and anxiety about cancer in individuals attending to genetic counseling.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The questionnaire study measured risk perception and anxiety about cancer at three time points: before and one week after initial genetic counseling and one year after completed genetic investigations. Eligibility criteria were designed to include only index patients without a previous genetic consultation in the family. A total of 215 individuals were included. Data was collected during three years period.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Before genetic counseling all of the unaffected participants subjectively estimated their risk as higher than their objective risk. Participants with a similar risk as the population overestimated their risk most. All risk groups estimated the risk for children's/siblings to be lower than their own. The benefits of preventive surveillance program were well understood among unaffected participants.</p> <p>The difference in subjective risk perception before and directly after genetic counseling was statistically significantly lower in all risk groups. Difference in risk perception for children as well as for population was also statistically significant. Experienced anxiety about developing cancer in the unaffected subjects was lower after genetic counseling compared to baseline in all groups. Anxiety about cancer had clear correlation to perceived risk of cancer before and one year after genetic investigations.</p> <p>The affected participants overestimated their children's risk as well as risk for anyone in population. Difference in risk perception for children/siblings as for the general population was significant between the first and second measurement time points. Anxiety about developing cancer again among affected participants continued to be high throughout this investigation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The participant's accuracy in risk perception was poor, especially in low risk individuals before genetic counseling. There was a general trend towards more accurate estimation in all risk groups after genetic counseling. The importance of preventive programs was well understood. Cancer anxiety was prevalent and associated with risk perception, but decreased after genetic counseling.</p> <p><abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr></abbrgrp> National Society of Genetic Counselors (2005), Genetic Counseling as a Profession. Available at <url>http://www.nsgc.org/about/definition.cfm</url> (accessed November 25th 2007)</p> <p><abbrgrp><abbr bid="B2">2</abbr></abbrgrp> Julian-Reynier C., Welkenhuysen M-, Hagoel L., Decruyenaere M., Hopwood P. (2003) Risk communication strategies: state of the art and effectiveness in the context of cancer genetic services. Eur J of Human Genetics 11, 725736.</p

Mendelian randomization analysis of C-reactive protein on colorectal cancer risk

Background: Chronic inflammation is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) is also moderately associated with CRC risk. However, observational studies are susceptible to unmeasured confounding or reverse causality. Using genetic risk variants as instrumental variables, we investigated the causal relationship between genetically elevated CRP concentration and CRC risk, using a Mendelian randomization approach. Methods: Individual-level data from 30 480 CRC cases and 22 844 controls from 33 participating studies in three international consortia were used: the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), the Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study (CORECT) and the Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR). As instrumental variables, we included 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with CRP concentration. The SNP-CRC associations were estimated using a logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, principal components and genotyping phases. An inverse-variance weighted method was applied to estimate the causal effect of CRP on CRC risk. Results: Among the 19 CRP-associated SNPs, rs1260326 and rs6734238 were significantly associated with CRC risk (P = 7.5 × 10-4, and P = 0.003, respectively). A genetically predicted one-unit increase in the log-transformed CRP concentrations (mg/l) was not associated with increased risk of CRC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.97, 1.12; P = 0.256). No evidence of association was observed in subgroup analyses stratified by other risk factors. Conclusions: In spite of adequate statistical power to detect moderate association, we found genetically elevated CRP concentration was not associated with increased risk of CRC among individuals of European ancestry. Our findings suggested that circulating CRP is unlikely to be a causal factor in CRC development

Deciphering colorectal cancer genetics through multi-omic analysis of 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of European and east Asian ancestries

In the version of this article initially published, the author affiliations incorrectly listed “Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo (TO), Italy” as “Candiolo Cancer Institute, Candiolo, Italy.” The change has been made to the HTML and PDF versions of the article