As competências de gestão desenvolvidas pelos egressos da odontologia de uma universidade comunitária com base nas diretrizes curriculares

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, apresentado para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Administração, no curso de Administração de Empresas, da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC.O Brasil é o país com o maior índice de dentista do mundo, e que a maioria trabalha como autônomo, ainda assim uma das dificuldades mais encontradas pelo cirurgião-dentista é a administração operacional de seu consultório. Sendo assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as competências de gestão administrativas desenvolvidas pelos egressos do curso de Odontologia em uma Universidade Comunitária, por meio de uma pesquisa aplicada, classificada como pesquisa de campo e documental, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, de natureza descritiva e de corte transversal; dos semestres 2015/01 ao 2016/2, conforme critério da amostra. Em seguida, o instrumento utilizado na coleta de dados foi um questionário, no qual gerou 53 respostas de uma população total de 123 egressos. Os dados foram analisados e com os resultados observou-se no curso de Odontologia, o perfil do egresso sendo a maioria do gênero feminino, com idade entre 20 a 30 anos e renda familiar nas classes C, D e E, A inserção no mercado de trabalho ocorreu entre 1 a 6 meses, e os mesmos encontram-se alugando cadeira ou espaço em consultórios ou clínicas particulares. Metade dos respondentes buscaram uma especialização após a graduação, e apenas 8 abriram seu consultório desenvolvendo a gestão administrativa de suas clínicas. Entretanto, 2 a cada 3 egressos consideram como muito pouco ou regular o desenvolvimento proporcionado no curso sobre gestão. Por fim, sugere-se que sejam realizados estudos similares em outras instituições de ensino e em outras áreas de conhecimento

Wydarzenia

Nagroda przyznawana w sześciu kategoriach (estrada, film, lite-ratura, muzyka poważna, plastyka – sztuki wizualne, teatr oraz nagroda specjalna kreator kultury). Została ustanowiona w 1993 r. przez tygodnik „Polityka”. Za rok 2010 w kategorii literatura zostali nominowani: Justyna Bargielska, Ignacy Karpowicz oraz Tomasz Piątek. Nominacje zostały przyznane przez jury w składzie: Przemysław Czapliński, Paweł Dunin Wąsowicz, Grzegorz Jankowicz, Piotr Kofta, Anna Nasiłowska, Robert Ostaszewski, Marta..

Myogenic Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells That Lack a Functional Pax7 Gene

The transcription factor Pax7 plays a key role during embryonic myogenesis and sustains the proper function of satellite cells, which serve as adult skeletal muscle stem cells. Overexpression of Pax7 has been shown to promote the myogenic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. However, the effects of the absence of functional Pax7 in differentiating embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have not yet been directly tested. Herein, we studied mouse stem cells that lacked a functional Pax7 gene and characterized the differentiation of these stem cells under conditions that promoted the derivation of myoblasts in vitro. We analyzed the expression of myogenic factors, such as myogenic regulatory factors and muscle-specific microRNAs, in wild-type and mutant cells. Finally, we compared the transcriptome of both types of cells and did not find substantial differences in the expression of genes related to the regulation of myogenesis. As a result, we showed that the absence of functional Pax7 does not prevent the in vitro myogenic differentiation of ESCs

Avian Feathers as Bioindicators of the Exposure to Heavy Metal Contamination of Food

The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of using feathers of blue tit nestlings to assess the level of endogenous accumulation of lead. For this purpose we conducted an experiment with lead application to randomly chosen nestlings from eight randomly drawn broods. Five days after the exposure, feathers of lead-treated nestlings had significantly higher lead concentrations than control nestlings. This result suggests that feathers can be used as reliable non-destructive bioindicators to assess the level of heavy metals originating from contaminated food, which is of great significance for comparative studies on ecological consequences of pollution

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Models and challenges of knowledge management in the SME sector in Poland on the example of the selected organization.

Celem niniejszej pracy jest przeprowadzenie teoretycznej i praktycznej analizy modeli tworzenia systemu zarządzania wiedzą oraz wyzwań jakie w zakresie zarządzania wiedzą stoją przed organizacjami sektora MŚP w Polsce. Praca składa się z trzech części. Rozdział pierwszy stanowi teoretyczne ujęcie zarządzania wiedzą począwszy od rysu historycznego rozwoju podejścia do wiedzy i zarządzania wiedzą na świecie, przez opis modeli tworzenia systemu zarządzania wiedzą, strategii, metod i technik oraz kluczowych uwarunkowań zarządzania wiedzą w organizacji. Rozdział drugi obrazuje charakterystykę małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce jako obiektu badań oraz poziom ich rozwoju z perspektywy zarządzania wiedzą. Rozdział trzeci jest rozdziałem empirycznym, gdzie w badaniach własnych, w ramach celu badawczego, podjęto próbę identyfikacji i oceny: stosowanych w badanym podmiocie strategii zarządzania wiedzą; charakterystyki kluczowych procesów, metod oraz instrumentów wdrażania i wspomagania systemu zarządzania wiedzą; czynników wpływających na zarządzanie wiedzą oraz pojawiających się barier i oczekiwanych przez badany podmiot korzyści wynikających z wdrażania systemu zarządzania wiedzą. Praca powstała w oparciu o badania literaturowe, źródła internetowe, dokumentację wewnętrzną i materiały udostępnione przez badany podmiot oraz raporty z badań na temat stanu zarządzania wiedzą w MŚP w Polsce. W pracy oparto się także o wyniki badań własnych autorki, zrealizowanych w formie: uczestniczącej obserwacji ukrytej; ankiety konferencyjnej z wykorzystaniem kwestionariusza ankietowego (PAPI) oraz osobistych, pogłębionych wywiadów niestandaryzowanych (IDI), przeprowadzonych wśród personelu badanego podmiotu.The purpose of this study is to carry out theoretical and practical analysis models of knowledge creation management system and the challenges that knowledge management organizations are facing in the SME sector in Poland.The work consists of three parts. The first chapter isa theoretical approach of knowledge management from historical outline of the development of approaches to knowledge and knowledge management in the world, by the description of the models to createa knowledge management system, strategies, methods and techniques and the key determinants of knowledge management in the organization. The second chapter illustrates the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland as an object of study and the level of their development from the perspective of knowledge management. The third chapter is the empirical section, where own studies under the research, attempts to identify and evaluate: used in the audited entity knowledge management strategy; the key characteristics of the processes, methods and instruments for implementing and supporting knowledge management system; factors affecting the management of knowledge and emerging barriers and expected by the tested entity benefits from the implementation of knowledge management system. The work was based on research literature, Internet sources, internal documents and materials provided by the test subject and test reports on the state of knowledge management in SMEs in Poland. The study was based on the results of research carried out in the form of: anonymous participatory observation; conference survey using a questionnaire (Paper and Pencil Interview-PAPI) and a personal, non-standardized in-depth interviews (Individual in-Depth Interview - IDI) conducted among the staff of the test subject

The role of miRNA in myogenic differentiation of mouse of embryonic stem cells

miRNA są istotnymi regulatorami różnicowania podczas rozwoju zarodkowego. Jednak, funkcje tych cząsteczek w powstawaniu wielu rodzajów komórek, w tym mioblastów mięśni szkieletowych nie są w pełni zbadane. W pracy wykorzystano mysie zarodkowe komórki macierzyste (komórki ES), które są pluripotencjalne i mogą różnicować we wszystkie komórki budujące organizm. Analizowano dwie linie mysich komórek ES metodami pozwalającymi określić ekspresję genów związanych z pluripotencją oraz różnicowaniem miogenicznym. Komórki różnicowały in vitro w pożywce zawierającej m.in. kwas retinowy, co umożliwiło uzyskanie mioblastów mięśni szkieletowych. Globalna analiza miRNA w niezróżnicowanych jak i różnicujących komórkach ujawniła znaczące różnice w profilu ekspresji tych cząsteczek. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały istotne różnice w ekspresji m.in. takich cząsteczek jak miR145 oraz miR181, które regulują różnicowanie komórek ES oraz wielu innych rodzajów komórek, w tym mioblastów mięśni szkieletowych. Wykazano także różnice w ekspresji miR206, cząsteczki specyficznej dla mioblastów mięśni szkieletowych. W drugiej części pracy, sprawdzono, w jaki sposób badane miRNA przyczyniają się do różnicowania komórek ES. W tym celu wykorzystano przejściową nadekspresję tych cząsteczek. Do niezróżnicowanych komórek ES wprowadzono niezależnie cząsteczki takie jak miR145, miR181 oraz miRNA z rodziny miR1, do których należą miR1, miR133a, miR133b oraz miR206. Komórki następnie różnicowano in vitro, po czym badano ekspresję genów oraz białek regulujących różnicowanie komórek ES oraz różnicowanie miogeniczne. Badania te wykazały, że przejściowa nadekspresja niektórych miRNA może indukować różnicowanie miogeniczne komórek ES. Pod wpływem przejściowej nadekspresji uzyskano m.in. wzrost poziomu takich transkryptów jak Pax3, Pax7, Myf5, Myog, Myod1, Myh2. W części trzeciej, przeprowadzono także analizę profilu miRNA w liniach komórek ES pozbawionych funkcjonalnego genu Pax7, kodującego czynnik transkrypcyjny, który reguluje różnicowanie miogeniczne. Komórki te różnicowano in vitro oraz in vivo. Następnie przeprowadzono analizę ekspresji miRNA związanych z pluripotencją oraz różnicowaniem miogenicznym. Analizy te wykazały, że Pax7 pełni istotną rolę w regulacji ekspresji miogenicznych miRNA. W komórkach ES różnicujących in vitro, a więc takich, które odzwierciedlają wcześniejsze etapy różnicowania miogenicznego, obserwowano niższy poziom miR206, w komórkach Pax7-/-, w porównaniu do komórek Pax7+/+. Z kolei w komórkach różnicujących in vivo, a więc w warunkach odzwierciedlających późniejsze etapy różnicowania, obserwowano niższą ekspresję wszystkich miRNA z rodziny miR1, a więc miR1, miR133a, miR133b, miR206. Uzyskane wyniki dowodzą, że choć ekspresja Pax7 nie jest niezbędna do powstania mioblastów mięśni szkieletowych z komórek ES, PAX7 pełni jednak istotną rolę w modulacji różnicowania miogenicznego poprzez regulację ekspresji miRNA.miRNAs are important regulators of embryonic development. The role of these molecules in differentiation of various cell types, among them skeletal muscle myoblasts, is still being investigated. Presented analyses were performed using mouse embryonic stem cells (ES cells). These cells are pluripotent, which means they can become any given cell building adult organism. Two different cell lines were cultured in vitro in medium containing e.g. retinoic acid what induced myogenic differentiation. Expression of genes involved in pluripotency and myogenesis was then analyzed. High throughput analysis of miRNA expression has shown significant differences between two cell lines, among them were different expression of miR145 and miR181, molecules involved in differentiation of ES cells, and function of various cells like myoblasts. Significant differences in expression of miR206, myogenic miRNA specific for skeletal myoblasts, were observed in two analyzed cell lines. In the second part of this work transient miRNA overexpression was used to analyse the role of miRNAs in differentiation of ES cells. Synthetic miRNAs, among them miR145 or miR181 also miRNAs from myogenic miR1 family (miR1, miR133a, miR133b, miR206) were introduced into undifferentiated mouse ES cells. Next ES cells were differentiated in vitro, and the expression of genes and proteins involved in pluripotency and differentiation was analyzed. It was shown that transient miRNA overexpression can induce differentiation of ES cells. Among myogenic genes that were upregulated after miRNA overexpression were Pax3, Pax7, Myf5, Myog, Myod1, Myh2. In the third part, an analysis of the role of PAX7, a regulator of myogenesis, on the profile of miRNAs in ES cell lines was performed. Mouse embryonic stem cells that did not express functional PAX7 protein were used for this assay. In Pax7-/- ES cells differentiated in vitro, decreased expression of miR206 was observed. In cell cultured in vitro, early steps of myogenic differentiation can be observed. While in Pax7-/- mouse embryonic stem cells differentiated in vivo, decreased expression of miRNAs from the whole miR1 family (miR1, miR133a, miR13b, miR206) was observed. Differentiation of ES cells in vitro allows the observation of later stages of myogenic differentiation. These results prove that Pax7 can regulate myogenesis through modulating expression of miRNAs