Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Produção de mudas de tomateiro em função de diferentes formas de propagação e substratos

Uma alternativa para diminuir o custo de produção do tomateiro é o uso de propagação assexuada para a obtenção de mudas, além disso, a utilização de um substrato adequado pode promover um melhor enraizamento e desenvolvimento das estacas. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes formas de propagação e substratos na produção de mudas de tomateiro. Realizou-se o experimento em casa de vegetação com estacas coletadas a partir de brotos laterais de plantas matrizes sadias, padronizadas em dois tamanhos e sementes híbridas de tomateiro. As estacas e sementes foram cultivadas em dois substratos comerciais, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x2 (propagação x substratos), quatro repetições, totalizando 24 parcelas. Houve interação entre as formas de propagação e os tipos de substratos para as seguintes características: massa fresca das raízes, massa fresca da parte aérea, comprimento da raiz principal, comprimento final da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa fresca total e massa seca total. O enraizamento foi afetado pelo substrato, enquanto o comprimento da raiz principal pelas formas de propagação. As estacas de 11 cm de comprimento se destacaram, tornando a propagação vegetativa do tomateiro viável. A utilização do substrato de fibra de coco promoveu melhor desenvolvimento radicular

Production of tomato seedlings for different substrates and means of propagation = Produção de mudas de tomateiro em função de diferentes formas de propagação e substratos

In reducing the cost of production, one alternative is the use of asexual propagation when obtaining tomato seedlings. Use of the appropriate substrate can also result in better rooting and development of the cuttings. The aim of this experiment therefore, was to evaluate the effect of different substrates and means of propagation in the production of tomato seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with cuttings collected from the side shoots of healthy mother plants, sorted into two sizes and hybrid tomato seeds. The seeds and cuttings were grown in two commercial substrates. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 3x2 factorial scheme (propagation x substrate), with four replications, giving a total of 24 lots. There was interaction between the means of propagation and types of substrate for the following characteristics: root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, length of main root, final length of shoots, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, total fresh weight and total dry weight. Rooting was affected by the substrate, and main root length by the means of propagation. The cuttings of 11 cm in length stood out for making the vegetative propagation of the tomato viable. Using coconut fibre as a substrate promoted better root development = Uma alternativa para diminuir o custo de produção do tomateiro é o uso de propagação assexuada para a obtenção de mudas, além disso, a utilização de um substrato adequado pode promover um melhor enraizamento e desenvolvimento das estacas. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes formas de propagação e substratos na produção de mudas de tomateiro. Realizou-se o experimento em casa de vegetação com estacas coletadas a partir de brotos laterais de plantas matrizes sadias, padronizadas em dois tamanhos e sementes híbridas de tomateiro. As estacas e sementes foram cultivadas em dois substratos comerciais, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x2 (propagação x substratos), quatro repetições, totalizando 24 parcelas. Houve interação entre as formas de propagação e os tipos de substratos para as seguintes características: massa fresca das raízes, massa fresca da parte aérea, comprimento da raiz principal, comprimento final da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea, massa fresca total e massa seca total. O enraizamento foi afetado pelo substrato, enquanto o comprimento da raiz principal pelas formas de propagação. As estacas de 11 cm de comprimento se destacaram, tornando a propagação vegetativa do tomateiro viável. A utilização do substrato de fibra de coco promoveu melhor desenvolvimento radicula

PRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL OF THE CHERRY TOMATO GENOTYPE GROUP BEFORE INFECTION BY Alternaria tomatophila

Early blight (caused by Alternaria tomatophila ) is a major disease of tomato with no resistant cultivars. Thus, it is necessary to identify sources of resistance and productive genotypes for the development of new cultivars. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the productive potential of cherry tomato genotypes grown in the summer / fall, the severity of early blight on leaves and the incidence of disease in fruits. The treatments consisted of Carolina tomato genotypes, Cereja Vermelho, CH 152 and CLN1561A. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with six replications, and the experimental plot had 16 plants. The following characteristics were evaluated: area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), average number of microinjuries on the fruits (MF), average number of fruits per bunch (NFC), average number of bunches per plant (NCP), average number of fruits per plant (NFP), average yield, number of fruits with incidence of early blight per plant (NFI) and the severity of early blight in leaves (%). The cherry tomato genotype CH152 showed tolerance to early blight with a smaller area under the disease progress curve, lower severity and fruits with incidence of A. tomatophila were not observed in this genotype. The CH152 had the highest number of fruits per bunch, greater number of bunches per plant, higher number of fruits per plant and higher productivity. This line has great potential of being integrated into breeding programs

Developing A Tool For Accession To Assessment Exam Cytological Of The Cervix

Objective: To develop a tool for assessing the adherence of women performing the cytological examination of the cervix. Method: exploratory, descriptive with quantitative approach, which followed four steps for the construction of the instrument. Held between May and July 2015, using a sample of 384 women attending health facilities in João Pessoa city family. Data were analyzed by applying factor analysis and then correspondence analysis. Results: Scores were calculated from the influential factors reported by these women to perform the cytological examination, and then these scores were associated with the frequency of the examination. As for frequency, 37% performed annually, 25.1% every two years and 20.5% every six months, associated between the low and medium scores. While the high score was associated with a lower frequency, corresponding to 1.3% of those who underwent the test every three years and 15.9% who said they have set periods for their realization. Conclusion: The difficulties for not performing the examination, worse adherence to these women that health care, requiring effective interventions of professionals to minimize these barriers

Objetos de ensino e o patrimônio cultural de ciência e tecnologia no Brasil e em Portugal: contribuições sobre levantamentos e inventários como instrumentos de preservação em escolas de ensino médio

RESUMO O trabalho faz reflexões sobre o patrimônio cultural no âmbito das escolas de ensino médio, analisando algumas iniciativas de levantamentos e de valoração dos objetos de ensino enquanto bens culturais. Para tanto, buscamos traçar um perfil analítico de projetos de inventário desse patrimônio cultural no Brasil e em Portugal. A partir das lentes da ciência e tecnologia, utilizou-se a revisão bibliográfica e os contatos com as instituições como metodologia para comparar o estado de pesquisas de inventário sobre estes objetos. Observou-se que as iniciativas aqui estudadas são assimétricas, necessitando ser padronizadas e aprofundadas de forma a alcançar as diferentes modalidades de ensino e, consequentemente, obter resultados mais consistentes e efetivos do ponto de vista da preservação. No entanto, percebe-se que existe um movimento crescente de identificação e preservação desses artefatos nos dois países