El carácter prociclico de la polí­tica fiscal: Notas sobre la ley de prudencia y transparencia fiscal

This paper is aimed to describe the basic limitations of the current fiscal responsibility law to deal with the economic recession due to its pro cyclical character. Section 2 contains a theoretical model, which relates the aggregate demand to the pro cyclical fiscal rule. Two cases of static comparative analysis are developed in section 3: external shock and monetary policy shock; and the possibility of a fiscal and monetary policy mix to reactivate the economy is also analyzed. In section 4 contains the empirical evidence of the fiscal policy character in the last decade. Finally, a brief review on the application of the fiscal rules experiences is developed in the last section, and some changes on the law are suggested in order to make it more credible and efficient for public budget management.

Adversarial contract design for private data commercialization

The proliferation of data collection and machine learning techniques has created an opportunity for commercialization of private data by data aggregators. In this paper, we study this data monetization problem using a contract-theoretic approach. Our proposed adversarial contract design framework accounts for the heterogeneity in honest buyers' demands for data, as well as the presence of adversarial buyers who may purchase data to compromise its privacy. We propose the notion of Price of Adversary (PoAdv) to quantify the effects of adversarial users on the data seller's revenue, and provide bounds on the PoAdv for various classes of adversary utility. We also provide a fast approximate technique to compute contracts in the presence of adversaries

Diseño hidráulico del sistema contra incendios de un almacén de productos eléctricos y la selección de la bomba pertinente

El documento digital no refiere un asesorPublicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEl presente trabajo “Diseño hidráulico para una bomba contra incendio de un almacén de productos eléctricos” trata de determinar la presión y caudal necesarios que debe proporcionar la bomba de un sistema contra incendio para un almacén. Para ello se desarrolla el cálculo hidráulico de las áreas que demanden más potencia de bombeo y así determinar cuál es el área más crítica, para finalmente seleccionar la bomba apropiada con sus características y costos.Trabajo de suficiencia profesiona

Variational sparse inverse Cholesky approximation for latent Gaussian processes via double Kullback-Leibler minimization

To achieve scalable and accurate inference for latent Gaussian processes, we propose a variational approximation based on a family of Gaussian distributions whose covariance matrices have sparse inverse Cholesky (SIC) factors. We combine this variational approximation of the posterior with a similar and efficient SIC-restricted Kullback-Leibler-optimal approximation of the prior. We then focus on a particular SIC ordering and nearest-neighbor-based sparsity pattern resulting in highly accurate prior and posterior approximations. For this setting, our variational approximation can be computed via stochastic gradient descent in polylogarithmic time per iteration. We provide numerical comparisons showing that the proposed double-Kullback-Leibler-optimal Gaussian-process approximation (DKLGP) can sometimes be vastly more accurate for stationary kernels than alternative approaches such as inducing-point and mean-field approximations at similar computational complexity.Comment: Accepted at the 2023 International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML). 18 pages with references and appendices, 14 figure

Shattered Time: Can a Dissipative Time Crystal Survive Many-Body Correlations?

We investigate the emergence of a time crystal in a driven-dissipative many-body spin array. In this system the interplay between incoherent spin pumping and collective emission stabilizes a synchronized non-equilibrium steady state which in the thermodynamic limit features a self-generated time-periodic pattern imposed by collective elastic interactions. In contrast to prior realizations where the time symmetry is already broken by an external drive, here it is only spontaneously broken by the elastic exchange interactions and manifest in the two-time correlation spectrum. Employing a combination of exact numerical calculations and a second-order cumulant expansion, we investigate the impact of many-body correlations on the time crystal formation and establish a connection between the regime where it is stable and a slow growth rate of the mutual information, signalling that the time crystal studied here is an emergent semi-classical out-of-equilibrium state of matter. We also confirm the rigidity of the time crystal to single-particle dephasing. Finally, we discuss an experimental implementation using long-lived dipoles in an optical cavity.Comment: v1: Initial commit; v2: Added references, fixed a couple typos, and made some small, stylistic changes; v3: Update to reflect publication. Includes additional references and some minor addition

DETECCCIÓN DE ANTICUERPOS SEROLÓGICOS CONTRA Chlamydophila abortus EN DOS GRUPOS DE PERSONAS EXPUESTAS A RIESGO EN EXPLOTACIONES OVINAS EN XALATLACO, MÉXICO

Chlamydophila abortus ( Cp. abortus ) es una bacteria causante del Aborto Enzoótico Ovino; la importancia zoonótica de Cp. abortus ocurre durante el manejo de animales enfermos. El presente trabajo estima la prevalencia de personas con anticuerpos contra Cp. abortus en grupos de riesgo laboral expuestos y los posibles factores de riesgo. Se condujo un estudio trasversal en d os grupos de personas expuestas. En el grupo A se incluyeron a 86 propietarios de rebaños y trabajadores. El grupo B por 52 profesionales de Medicina Veterinaria. Los títulos de anticuerpos se determinaron mediante ELISAr y se aplicó un cuestionario a los participantes para establecer los factores de riesgo. La prevalencia de anticuerpos contra Cp. abortus en productores y profesionistas fue de 6.52% (IC 95% 3.02 - 12.01%). Por grupo de riesgo la prevalencia en productores fue de 4.45% (IC 95% 1.28 11.48) y en profesionistas 9.62% (IC 95% 3.19 21.02), en mujeres 5.07% (IC 95% 1.99 11.29) y 1.44% en hombres; sin mostrar diferencias (P > 0.05). Se concluye que la prevalencia de anticuerpos frente a Cp. abortus en profesionistas y productores de ovinos es baja y los factores de riesgo no mostraron diferencias significativas

A Detection of Sgr A* in the far infrared

We report the first detection of the Galactic Centre massive black hole, Sgr~A*, in the far infrared. Our measurements were obtained with PACS on board the \emph{Herschel} satellite at $100~\mathrm{\mu m}$ and $160~\mathrm{\mu m}$. While the warm dust in the Galactic Centre is too bright to allow for a direct detection of Sgr~A*, we measure a significant and simultaneous variation of its flux of $\Delta F_{\nu\widehat{=}160 ~\mathrm{\mu m}} = (0.27\pm0.06)~\mathrm{Jy}$ and $\Delta F_{\nu\widehat{=}100 ~\mathrm{\mu m}}= (0.16\pm0.10)~\mathrm{Jy}$ during one observation. The significance level of the $160 ~\mathrm{\mu m}$ band variability is $4.5\sigma$ and the corresponding $100 ~\mathrm{\mu m}$ band variability is significant at $1.6\sigma$. We find no example of an equally significant false positive detection. Conservatively assuming a variability of $25\%$ in the FIR, we can provide upper limits to the flux. Comparing the latter with theoretical models we find that 1D RIAF models have difficulties explaining the observed faintness. However, the upper limits are consistent with modern ALMA and VLA observations. Our upper limits provide further evidence for a spectral peak at $\sim 10^{12} ~ \mathrm{Hz}$ and constrain the number density of $\gamma \sim 100$ electrons in the accretion disk and or outflow.Comment: accepted for publication in AP

[BOCIO FETAL OVINO: ESTUDIO DE CASO EN MÉXICO]

En un rebaño ovino de pequeña escala, localizado en el Estado de México, con ocho ovejas y un semental, de las cuales cuatro ovejas presentaron signos clínicos de bocio endémico, dos fetos abortados fueron usados para un estudio de diagnóstico. De ambos fetos, muestras de la glándula tiroides fueron usadas para la evaluación histopatológica, y muestras de hígado, corazón, riñón y músculo esquelético fueron usadas para medir el contenido de selenio. En el suero sanguíneo de las ovejas se midió el perfil de las hormonas tiroideas por la prueba de ELISA. En ambos fetos hubo un aumento de tamaño de la glándula tiroides (6-8 cm), con consistencia firme y color rojo intenso, así como escases de vellón y edema subcutáneo; también hubo hiperplasia e hipertrofia de las células foliculares de la tiroides, con aspecto cuboide, expansión difusa, contorno irregular y distensión con presencia de vacuolas y abundante coloide eosinofílico. Las concentraciones de selenio en el hígado y riñón fueron bajas (0.25 y 0.90 ppm). En las ovejas los contenidos de las hormonas tiroxina (T4) y triyodotironina (T3) fueron deficientes (0.48±0.08 y 4.14±0.29 μg dL-1), y la relación (T4:T3) fue muy amplia (1:8.6 μg dL-1). Se concluye que los corderos sufrieron de bocio coloide. Las concentraciones de hormonas tiroideas en las ovejas fueron bajas y confirmaron un metabolismo tiroideo alterado; adicionalmente, el bocio puede ser agravado por la deficiencia de selenio