Constructing immigrants in UK legislation and Administration informative texts: A corpus-driven study (2007–2011)

Research has shown that immigrants tend to be negatively constructed in the discourse of the media. In the context of the European Union (EU), British newspapers reportedly offer largely negative or partial constructions of these individuals. These representations contribute to jeopardizing the integration of this group of people, as their social construction reflects and influences the attitudes of EU citizens and the immigration policies. Our research examines the collocational profile of the lemma ‘migrant’ in the UK legislation and UK Administration informative texts from 2007 to 2011. While our results show that the UK Administration avoids an explicit negative construction of immigrants coming to the United Kingdom, we have found that they are partially constructed as a homogeneous, well-categorized group through an extremely limited set of lexical items that tend to prime their adscription to tiers. We argue that the representation of immigrants in the legislation points to the fact that UK laws and official information during the period 2007–2011 were more focused on legitimating the control over this group of individuals than on creating the conditions for better integration policies.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Grant FFI2011-30214: Lenguaje de la Administración Pública en el ámbito de la extranjería: estudio multilingüe e implicaciones culturales)This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from SAGE Publications via http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095792651667670

A Computational Complexity Theory in Membrane Computing

In this paper, a computational complexity theory within the framework of Membrane Computing is introduced. Polynomial complexity classes associated with di erent models of cell-like and tissue-like membrane systems are de ned and the most relevant results obtained so far are presented. Many attractive characterizations of P 6= NP conjecture within the framework of a bio-inspired and non-conventional computing model are deduced.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2006-13425Junta de Andalucía P08–TIC-0420

Epifisiolisis de cabeza de radio asociadas a luxación de codo y reducción espontánea

Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de 10 casos de la epifisiolisis de cabeza de radio ocurridas durante el periodo 1992 a 1997, con un desplazamiento mayor de 60º que según los criterios de O'Brien corresponderían a un grado III. De todas las revisadas seleccionamos 6 casos en los que había una angulación mayor de 90º, creemos ocurren después de luxación o reducción espontánea de luxación de codo; por ser las más frecuentes, las que más problemas presentan en el tratamiento y las que producen más secuelas. Nuestro objetivo es valorar los resultados obtenidos con nuestros tratamientos y realizar una revisión bibliográfica.We have done a retrospective study of ten cases of radial head epiphysiolysis occurred between 1992 and 1997, displaced more than 60º. (O'Brien's grade III). Amongst them we have selected those which were displaced more than 90º (six cases) probably occurred after an elbow luxation or after the spontaneous reduction of an elbow luxation; because the are more infrequent, more troublesome and they give more secuelae. Our aim is to evaluate the results obtained with the treatment and to review the literature

Implementation of resuspension from paved roads for the improvement of CALIOPE air quality system in Spain

Emissions of resuspensed particles from paved roads (RPR) have received an increasing attention in air quality modeling, since chemistry transport models are generally unable to reproduce particulate levels near road traffic. However, among the models operated in the forecasting mode in Europe, there is a lack of systems including the contribution of RPR on an hourly basis. Therefore, this contribution describes the inclusion of the resuspension of particulate matter within HERMES emission model (operationally implemented in the CALIOPE forecasting system) and the improvements obtained in the simulations of the PM10 mass over a domain covering Spain for a whole year of simulation (2004). The results indicate a remarkable improvement of the PM10 predictions, reducing the biases and errors around 15-18% and 2.6 μg m−3 for the average bias in all Spain. The RPR emission have strong local effects on the modeled particle concentration in or near the largest urban zones (up to 7 μg m−3 as the annual average), albeit those positive effects are more limited in background areas, since the deposition mechanism was found to be a significant sink for RPR in the chemistry transport model. This approach is accurate and effective in order to improve the prediction of the PM10 mass and becomes essential to achieve the standards set in the regulations for modeling applications

Ballistic resistivity in aluminum nanocontacts

One of the major industrial challenges is to profit from some fascinating physical features present at the nanoscale. The production of dissipationless nanoswitches (or nanocontacts) is one of such attractive applications. Nevertheless, the lack of knowledge of the real efficiency of electronic ballistic/non dissipative transport limits future innovations. For multi-valent metallic nanosystems -where several transport channels per atom are involved- the only experimental technique available for statistical transport characterization is the conductance histogram. Unfortunately its interpretation is difficult because transport and mechanical properties are intrinsically interlaced. We perform a representative series of semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations of aluminum nanocontact breakages, coupled to full quantum conductance calculations, and put in evidence a linear relationship between the conductance and the contact minimum cross-section for the geometrically favored aluminum nanocontact configurations. Valid in a broad range of conductance values, such relation allows the definition of a transport parameter for nanomaterials, that represents the novel concept of ballistic resistivity

Cooperative transmission scheme to address random orientation and blockage events in VLC systems

© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising communication technology that paves the way to the Internet of Things. The forthcoming Industry 4.0 requires reliable high-speed communication links, which can be easily fulfilled with the massive adoption of the VLC technology. However, in VLC indoor communication environments, line-of-sight link blockages and strong misalignment losses between the light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters and the photodiode (PD) receivers are usual problems that must be tackled. This paper proposes a coordinated multi-point (CoMP) transmission technique to deal with both issues, and carries out a detailed evaluation of the VLC system performance as function of the PD receiver orientation and the density of obstacles in different scenarios. The proposed cooperative transmission scheme demonstrates an improvement in the average cell data rate and outage probability performance and, as a consequence, justifies the use of CoMP techniques to provide reliable VLC services in ultra-dense small cell scenarios indoors.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

New Record of Bacopa egensis (Plantaginaceae) for the Flora of Mexico

Bacopa egensis is newly reported for the flora of Mexico and an updated key is provided for the Mexican Bacopa specie

La evolución climática a largo plazo y evaluación de la seguridad

El concepto de almacenamiento geológico profundo para residuos radiactivos de alta actividad basa una parte importante de su seguridad a largo plazo en el comportamiento del medio geológico. De aquí que los estudios de seguridad post-clausura de tales almacenamientos deban contemplar la necesidad de cuantificar los procesos susceptibles de intervenir en la liberación y el transporte de los radionucleidos desde el propio almacenamiento hasta la biosfera, y las modificaciones importantes que esta última pueda sufrir debido tanto a factores naturales como antropogénicos, durante los periodos de tiempo del orden de cientos de miles de años en que se cifra la duración de la liberación de radionucleido

Aerosols in the CALIOPE air quality modelling system: evaluation and analysis of PM levels, optical depths and chemical composition over Europe

The CALIOPE air quality modelling system is developed and applied to Europe with high spatial resolution (12 km × 12 km). The modelled daily-to-seasonal aerosol variability over Europe in 2004 is evaluated and analysed. Aerosols are estimated from two models, CMAQv4.5 (AERO4) and BSC-DREAM8b. CMAQv4.5 calculates biogenic, anthropogenic and sea salt aerosol and BSC-DREAM8b provides the natural mineral dust contribution from North African deserts. For the evaluation, we use daily PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> and aerosol components data from 55 stations of the EMEP/CREATE network and total, coarse and fine aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from 35 stations of the AERONET sun photometer network. Annual correlations between modelled and observed values for PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> are 0.55 and 0.47, respectively. Correlations for total, coarse and fine AOD are 0.51, 0.63, and 0.53, respectively. The higher correlations of the PM<sub>10</sub> and the coarse mode AOD are largely due to the accurate representation of the African dust influence in the forecasting system. Overall PM and AOD levels are underestimated. The evaluation of the aerosol components highlights underestimations in the fine fraction of carbonaceous matter (EC and OC) and secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA; i.e. nitrate, sulphate and ammonium). The scores of the bulk parameters are significantly improved after applying a simple model bias correction based on the observed aerosol composition. The simulated PM<sub>10</sub> and AOD present maximum values over the industrialized and populated Po Valley and Benelux regions. SIA are dominant in the fine fraction representing up to 80% of the aerosol budget in latitudes north of 40° N. In southern Europe, high PM<sub>10</sub> and AOD are linked to the desert dust transport from the Sahara which contributes up to 40% of the aerosol budget. Maximum seasonal ground-level concentrations (PM<sub>10</sub> > 30 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) are found between spring and early autumn. We estimate that desert dust causes daily exceedances of the PM<sub>10</sub> European air quality limit value (50 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) in large areas south of 45° N with more than 75 exceedances per year in the southernmost regions