La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamentos de Bolívar, Magdalena, Antioquia y el territorio de Chile

En este trabajo se analiza cómo el conflicto armado en Colombia ha afectado a la población rural, donde las comunidades son vulnerables por estar invisibilizadas por el mismo Estado, quienes no han prestado la suficiente atención a la población que se encuentra en medio de esta guerra que se ha vivido durante décadas en varios lugares del territorio colombiano. La violencia ha generado gran impacto en todo el mundo, violencia que ha causado pérdida humanas, afectaciones físicas, emocionales y psicológicas; causada por factores como pobreza, desigualdad social, indiferencia, exclusión, maltrato psicológico y social, falta de tolerancia y respeto por el otro, ha llevado a que se generen conflictos que han tenido una dimensión social tan exorbitante, que solo ha dejado dolor y sufrimiento en las víctimas, aquellas que han perdido sus derechos, su dignidad, su patrimonio y en algunos casos su libertad de pensamiento y de expresión. Se analizará el relato de Camilo un joven víctima del conflicto armado en Colombia, específicamente del pacifico colombiano, quien ha sufrido por amenazas y hechos violentos que han dejado en él y su familia un impacto psicosocial que lo llevaron a escapar del Chocó para no perder su vida. Se resalta la resiliencia de este joven que a pesar de sufrir tantas adversidades lucha día a día por su comunidad, quien desea ver su territorio libre, con mejores oportunidades y con protección de los derechos hacia su comunidad. Asimismo, se expondrán las diferentes problemáticas psicosociales por las que pasa la comunidad del caso Peñas Coloradas, quienes son estigmatizados por una falsa creencia de ser colaboradores y cómplices de la guerrilla, por estar en medio del conflicto armado y olvidados por el gobierno Colombiano. Al igual se presentarán las estrategias psicosociales para abordar este caso. Finalmente el informe termina con la foto voz y narrativa realizada en el paso 3 del diplomado, donde se refleja la realidad de diferentes comunidades que han mantenido algún tipo de violencia la cual ha permeado y dañado a estas comunidades, de igual forma se muestra una mirada transformadora que evoca una realidad de reconstrucción del tejido social. Palabras clave: conflicto armado, víctimas, resiliencia, impacto psicosocial.In this work, It analyzes how the armed conflict in Colombia has affected the rural population, where the communities are vulnerable because they are made invisible by the State itself, who have not paid enough attention to the population that is in the middle of this war that has been lived for decades in various parts of the Colombian territory. The Violence has generated great impact throughout the world, violence that has caused human loss, physical, emotional and psychological damage; caused by factors such as poverty, social inequality, indifference, exclusion, psychological and social abuse, lack of tolerance and respect for the other, It has led to the generation of conflicts that have had such an exorbitant social dimension, which has only left pain and suffering in the victims, those who have lost their rights, their dignity, their heritage and in some cases their freedom of thought and expression. The story of Camilo, a young victim of the armed conflict in Colombia, specifically from the Colombian Pacific, will be analyzed, who has suffered from threats and violent acts that have left a psychosocial impact on him and his family that led him to escape from Choco in order not to lose his life. The resilience of this young man is highlighted, who despite suffering so many adversities, fights every day for his community, who wants to see his territory free, with better opportunities and with protection of the rights towards his community. In this Word Will be exposed the different psychosocial problems that the community of the Peñas Coloradas, who are stigmatized by a false belief of being collaborators and accomplices of the guerrillas because they are in the middle of the armed conflict and are forgotten by the Colombian government. Likewise, psychosocial strategies will be presented to address this case. Finally, the report ends with the photo voice and narrative made in step 3 of the diplomat, which reflects the reality of different communities that have sustained some type of violence which has permeated and damaged these communities, in the same way, a transforming look is shown that evokes a reality of reconstruction of the social fabric. Keywords: armed conflict, victims, psychosocial impact, resilienc

Molecular profiling of peripheral blood is associated with circulating tumor cells content and poor survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

The enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood correlates with clinical outcome in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We analyzed the molecular profiling of peripheral blood from 43 metastatic CRPC patients with known CTC content in order to identify genes that may be related to prostate cancer progression. Global gene expression analysis identified the differential expression of 282 genes between samples with ≥5 CTCs vs <5 CTCs, 58.6% of which were previously described as over-expressed in prostate cancer (18.9% in primary tumors and 56.1% in metastasis). Those genes were involved in survival functions such as metabolism, signal transduction, gene expression, cell growth, death, and movement. The expression of selected genes was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. This analysis revealed a two-gene model (SELENBP1 and MMP9) with a high significant prognostic ability (HR 6; 95% CI 2.61 - 13.79; P<0.0001). The combination of the two-gene signature plus the CTCs count showed a higher prognostic ability than CTCs enumeration or gene expression alone (P<0.05). This study shows a gene expression profile in PBMNC associated with CTCs count and clinical outcome in metastatic CRPC, describing genes and pathways potentially associated with CRPC progression

Lactobacillus reuteri V3401 Reduces Inflammatory Biomarkers and Modifies the Gastrointestinal Microbiome in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: The PROSIR Study

The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1761/s1: Figure S1, Rarefaction curves; Figure S2, Alpha diversity measured by means of the Shannon index (H); Figure S3, Bacterial beta diversity; Table S1, Gastrointestinal microbiome normalized dataThis paper will be part of Carmen Tenorio Jimenez’s doctorate, which is being completed as part of Programa de Doctorado en Seguridad de los Alimentos at the University of Jaén, Spain. We also wish to thank all the participants who generously contributed to the study.Previous studies have reported that probiotics may improve clinical and inflammatory parameters in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Lactobacillus (L.) reuteri V3401 has shown promising results on the components of MetS in animal studies. We aimed to evaluate the effects of L. reuteri V3401 together with healthy lifestyle recommendations on adult patients with MetS. Methods: We carried out a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled, single-center trial in which we included 53 adult patients newly diagnosed with MetS. Patients were block randomly allocated by body mass index (BMI) and sex to receive a capsule containing either the probiotic L. reuteri V3401 (5 × 109 colony-forming units) or a placebo once daily for 12 weeks. Anthropometric variables, biochemical and inflammatory biomarkers, as well as the gastrointestinal microbiome composition were determined. Results: There were no differences between groups in the clinical characteristics of MetS. However, we found that interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) diminished by effect of the treatment with L. reuteri V3401. Analysis of the gastrointestinal microbiome revealed a rise in the proportion of Verrucomicrobia. Conclusions: Consumption of L. reuteri V3401 improved selected inflammatory parameters and modified the gastrointestinal microbiome. Further studies are needed to ascertain additional beneficial effects of other probiotic strains in MetS as well as the mechanisms by which such effects are exerted.This study is part of the grant entitled “Guía para la sustanciación de declaraciones de salud en alimentos: funciones inmune, cognitiva y síndrome metabólico”, funded by the company Biosearch life (Granada, Spain), reference 3006, managed by Fundación General Universidad de Granada, Spain

Long-term Responders after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma

Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is considered an incurable hematological neoplasm. For transplant-eligible patients, initial treatment includes an induction phase followed by an autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Despite the introduction of several drugs in the past years, relapses still occur. Nevertheless, some patients achieve sustained responses after successful induction treatment and ASCT. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all patients diagnosed with MM in our institution who underwent induction treatment and ASCT between 1990 and 2015. The subset of patients who achieved a sustained response (any degree) for 5 or more years after ASCT without further treatment or signs of progression were distinguished as 'long-term responders' (LTRs). In the non-LTR group, a cohort referred to as 'prolonged responders' (PLRs) showed sustained response of at least 5 years after ASCT but eventually relapsed. We collected and analyzed clinical and laboratory data. Results: Two hundred and fifty patients were diagnosed with MM and received induction treatment and ASCT at our institution in the study period. Among them, 54 (21.6%) patients met the criteria for LTR. Some diagnostic features such as a younger age, female gender, ECOG performance status of 0, lower International Staging System (ISS) stage, lower bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, and lower serum levels of calcium, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were found to be more prevalent in LTR. Female gender, an ECOG performance status of 0, a localized Durie-Salmon stage, an ISS of I-II, the absence of bone disease, and an LDH within normal range were also predictive of longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the whole cohort. The depth of the response achieved after induction and ASCT as well as the administration of an IMID-based maintenance regimen may play a role in the differences observed on PFS between cohorts. A detectable M-protein with a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)-like behavior was detected in one-third of LTR after ASCT. Although relapses continue to occur in patients who achieve a 5-year treatment-free period after ASCT, a plateau is observed in the survival curves at approximately 21 years of follow-up

aGEM: an integrative system for analyzing spatial-temporal gene-expression information

Motivation: The work presented here describes the ‘anatomical Gene-Expression Mapping (aGEM)’ Platform, a development conceived to integrate phenotypic information with the spatial and temporal distributions of genes expressed in the mouse. The aGEM Platform has been built by extending the Distributed Annotation System (DAS) protocol, which was originally designed to share genome annotations over the WWW. DAS is a client-server system in which a single client integrates information from multiple distributed servers

"Bioinformática con Ñ v1.0": a collaborative project of young Spanish scientists to write a complete book about Bioinformatics

Here we present a project aiming to provide specialized educational bibliography on Bioinformatics for Spanish speakers. The idea of writing a book in Spanish language covering the most important topics in the field of Bioinformatics was born in the XIth Spanish Symposium on Bioinformatics in Barcelona two years ago. Different scientists have been involved in the project, from senior scientists to PhD students from different countries. The book intends to be the beginning of an open project, where all the chapters are susceptible of being updated and new topics can be incorporated in future versions. Current book version can be accessed online at http://goo.gl/UYG0o7.Peer Reviewe

Aportes analíticos al estudio de aguas residuales y potables

PublishedEl lector podrá encontrar en el libro las definiciones más importantes en los procesos de validación de métodos analíticos; acceder a la validación de la demanda química de oxígeno y demanda bioquímica de oxígeno para la determinación del contenido de materia orgánica y biodegradabilidad en aguas residuales de un ingenio azucarero. También, encontrará contribuciones a la evaluación de metales pesados (plomo y cadmio) en agua cruda y potable por espectroscopia de absorción atómica con horno de grafito del acueducto del municipio de Cerrito. Así mismo, la validación del método de análisis para nitratos en agua potable del corregimiento Paso de la bolsa del municipio de Jamundí mediante la técnica de espectroscopia ultravioleta. El libro hace énfasis en la importancia de la medición de los parámetros fisicoquímicos en el proceso de potabilización y control de calidad de agua pozo del Paraíso (Santander de Quilichao) utilizada en una planta de tratamiento de agua y en el seguimiento del crecimiento microbiano en una laguna facultativa de un ingenio azucarero del Valle del Cauca

Relevance of gastrointestinal manifestations in a large Spanish cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: what do we know?

SLE can affect any part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. GI symptoms are reported to occur in >50% of SLE patients. To describe the GI manifestations of SLE in the RELESSER (Registry of SLE Patients of the Spanish Society of Rheumatology) cohort and to determine whether these are associated with a more severe disease, damage accrual and a worse prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide, retrospective, multicentre, cross-sectional cohort study of 3658 SLE patients who fulfil =4 ACR-97 criteria. Data on demographics, disease characteristics, activity (SLEDAI-2K or BILAG), damage (SLICC/ACR/DI) and therapies were collected. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between lupus patients with and without GI damage to establish whether GI damage is associated with a more severe disease. RESULTS: From 3654 lupus patients, 3.7% developed GI damage. Patients in this group (group 1) were older, they had longer disease duration, and were more likely to have vasculitis, renal disease and serositis than patients without GI damage (group 2). Hospitalizations and mortality were significantly higher in group 1. Patients in group 1 had higher modified SDI (SLICC Damage Index). The presence of oral ulcers reduced the risk of developing damage in 33% of patients. CONCLUSION: Having GI damage is associated with a worse prognosis. Patients on a high dose of glucocorticoids are at higher risk of developing GI damage which reinforces the strategy of minimizing glucocorticoids. Oral ulcers appear to decrease the risk of GI damage. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology

Impact of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients: A nationwide study in Spain

Objective To assess the effect of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the outcome of neurosurgical patients in Spain. Settings The initial flood of COVID-19 patients overwhelmed an unprepared healthcare system. Different measures were taken to deal with this overburden. The effect of these measures on neurosurgical patients, as well as the effect of COVID-19 itself, has not been thoroughly studied. Participants This was a multicentre, nationwide, observational retrospective study of patients who underwent any neurosurgical operation from March to July 2020. Interventions An exploratory factorial analysis was performed to select the most relevant variables of the sample. Primary and secondary outcome measures Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of mortality and postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results Sixteen hospitals registered 1677 operated patients. The overall mortality was 6.4%, and 2.9% (44 patients) suffered a perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those infections, 24 were diagnosed postoperatively. Age (OR 1.05), perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.7), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.006), postoperative neurological worsening (OR 5.9), postoperative need for airway support (OR 5.38), ASA grade =3 (OR 2.5) and preoperative GCS 3-8 (OR 2.82) were independently associated with mortality. For SARS-CoV-2 postoperative infection, screening swab test <72 hours preoperatively (OR 0.76), community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) (OR 1.011), preoperative cognitive impairment (OR 2.784), postoperative sepsis (OR 3.807) and an absence of postoperative complications (OR 0.188) were independently associated. Conclusions Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in neurosurgical patients was associated with an increase in mortality by almost fivefold. Community COVID-19 incidence (cases/10 5 people/week) was a statistically independent predictor of mortality. Trial registration number CEIM 20/217