Rogers-Shephard inequality for log-concave functions

In this paper we prove different functional inequalities extending the classical Rogers-Shephard inequalities for convex bodies. The original inequalities provide an optimal relation between the volume of a convex body and the volume of several symmetrizations of the body, such as, its difference body. We characterize the equality cases in all these inequalities. Our method is based on the extension of the notion of a convolution body of two convex sets to any pair of log-concave functions and the study of some geometrical properties of these new sets.Comment: 25 page

Veinticinco años (1986-2011) de monitorización de varamientos de mamíferos marinos en el litoral de Doñana (Huelva, SO España)

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Drag reduction on a blunt body by self-adaption of rear flexibly hinged flaps

We study the aerodynamics of a blunt-based body with rear flexibly-hinged rigid flaps, subject to a turbulent flow of Reynolds number Re = 12000, under aligned and cross flow conditions with yaw angle β = 0◦ and β = 4◦. To that aim, different values of the equivalent torsional stiffness are considered, to cover the range of reduced velocity U∗ = (0, 3.48] in water tank experiments. The effect of the angular deflection of plates on the drag and near wake flow is analyzed, experimentally and numerically. The results show that, in the range of U∗ herein considered, the plates undergo an inwards quasi-static, self-adaptive deflection, which is symmetric for yaw angles β = 0◦ and asymmetric for β = 4◦. In particular, the plates feature small mean deformation angles for values of U∗ < 1, whereas a sharp and monotonic increase of such deflection occurs for U∗ > 1, i.e. for lower values of the hinge’s stiffness, with an asymptotic trend towards the larger values of U∗. A critical value of reduced velocity of U∗ ≃ 0.96 is obtained as the instability threshold above which plates depart from their initial equilibrium position. The progressive streamlining of the trailing edge translates into significant reductions of the associated mean drag coefficients. Thus, reductions close to 19% with respect to reference static plates configurations are obtained for the most flexible case of U∗ = 3.48 for both β = 0◦ and β = 4◦. A close inspection of the near wake reveals that the inwards progressive mean displacement of the plates yields a reduction in the recirculation bubble size. A symmetric evolution of the recirculating bubble is observed for β = 0◦, whereas the bubble becomes asymmetric for β = 4◦, with a larger leeward clockwise vortex. In both cases, the drag coefficient is shown to vary linearly with the global aspect ratio of the recirculating bubble. The analysis of the numerical results shows that the reduced extension of the recirculating bubble significantly alters the formation length and intensity of the eddies size and associated pressure. It is observed that despite the local pressure decrease in the vortices shed from the trailing edges, the plates self adaption reduces their size and prevents the eddies from entering the cavity, thus, creating a dead flow region with a consequent pressure increase at the body base.Junta de Andalucia FEDER-UJA 1262764Universidad de JaenEuropean CommissionSpanish MCIN/AEI PDC2021-121288-I00European Union Next Generation EU/PRT

A Computational Complexity Theory in Membrane Computing

In this paper, a computational complexity theory within the framework of Membrane Computing is introduced. Polynomial complexity classes associated with di erent models of cell-like and tissue-like membrane systems are de ned and the most relevant results obtained so far are presented. Many attractive characterizations of P 6= NP conjecture within the framework of a bio-inspired and non-conventional computing model are deduced.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia TIN2006-13425Junta de Andalucía P08–TIC-0420

Evaluación del área trabecular por digitalización de imágenes en el callo de fractura: estudio experimental

Se presenta un método de evaluación del área trabecular por medio de digitalización de imágenes de microscopía óptica. Se estudia la evolución de 20 callos de fractura en ratas de cepa Wistar, obteniendo un incremento progresivo del área trabecular desde los 14 a los 49 días, correlacionando ésta directamente con la actividad neoformativa. Se concluye proponiendo el uso de este método por su uniformidad, objetividad y reproductibilidad en todo el estudio, permitiendo la independencia del anatomopatológico.We present a method for assessment of the bone trabecular area by using optic microscope digitalized imaging. We studied 20 fracture callus performed at the tibia in Wistar rats. The bone trabecular area had a progressive increased from 14 to 49 days, post-fracture, been directly related with the neoformative activity. We propose this method because of this uniformity, objetivity and reliability. This method akows fracture repair analysis independently of the subjetivity of the pathologist

Possible Role of Nrf2 in Oxidative and Inflammatory Processes During Menopause

The increase in life expectancy leads to the possibility of development chronic diseases, from special physiological conditions as occurs in the menopause, which is defined as the permanent cessation of ovulation, marked by the end of menstruation. It has been related to decreased ovarian function that occurs around an age of 45 years. This event involves the reduction in estrogen production and may contribute to the development of chronic-degenerative diseases. Many diseases developed during menopause have been associated with oxidative stress, such as osteoporosis, hot flushes, cognitive impairment, insulin resistance, dry skin, obesity, and cardiovascular events. The knowledge about the participation of Nrf2 in diseases that occur during menopause is very limited. Here, only diseases such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases and dry skin, which are present during menopause and its later stages have been described. The Nrf2 pathway involves the participation of PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and eNOS, which act as mediators for cytoprotection and antioxidation. Compounds such as equol, fitoestrogens, alkyl cathecols, or curcumin could be offered as options to antioxidant treatment, added the fact that they are present in fruits and vegetables which are rich in vitamins, minerals and calcium, thus including all the required nutrients for an adequate nutrition

Luxación anterior de codo en la infancia : a propósito de 1 caso

La luxación anterior de codo es una lesión excepcional que suele ocurrir cuando existen factores facilitadores como una hiperlaxitud articular, una hipoplasia de olécranon o deformidades adquiridas por traumatismo previo. El propósito de este artículo es presentar un nuevo caso con esta lesión en un niño de 8 años de edad sin factores facilitadores aparentes, así como analizar la fisiopatología de la lesión, las opciones terapéuticas y el pronóstico futuroAnterior dislocation of the elbow is a rare lesion. Hipermobility of joint, olecranon hipoplasy or elbow postraumatic deformities predisposed to the anterior dislocation of the elbow. The purpose of this paper is to point out a new case with this rare lesion in a child of 8 years old, without predisponent factors. We analized the injury phisiopathology, therapeutic options and future pronostic