Contribución de la radiología digital al mejoramiento de la calidad en el servicio de imagenología

Objective. This documentary study evaluates the optimal strategies of digital radiology (DR) in Radiology services in low and medium complexity hospitals in Colombia. Method. Exhaustive bibliographic review where the benefits were identified and compared with analog radiology, it was developed based on a sample of 32 scientific articles in different journals such as Dialnet, SciELO, Scopus, Springer Open, IOP Science. Result. X-ray imaging is a powerful and inexpensive technology that has been widely used in medical diagnosis. The technological importance of X-ray imaging has led to the rapid development of high performance X-ray detectors and associated imaging applications. Therefore, medical imaging services propose effective strategies in the functionality of digital radiology, factors that interfere with the computer system process. Conclusion. Taking into account the technical and fundamental advances of X-ray detectors, the emergence of computed radiography (CR) (DR) has led to technological evolution for obtaining digital X-ray images with more accurate and instantaneous information, while its separate reading mechanism suffers from technical limitations, such as high radiation dose and a non-dynamic image, this allows imaging service providers to be motivated to invest in adequate technology to generate a more optimal use of resources and the service is provided to the patient with high quality.Objetivo. El presente estudio documental evalúa las estrategias óptimas de la radiología digital (DR) en los servicios de Radiología en los hospitales de baja y mediana complejidad en Colombia. Método. Revisión bibliográfica exhaustiva donde se identificó los beneficios y se hizo comparación con la radiología análoga, se desarrolló basado en una muestra de 32 artículos científicos en diferentes revistas como Dialnet, SciELO, Scopus, Springer Open, IOP Science. Resultado. La imagen por rayos X es una tecnología poderosa y de bajo costo que se ha utilizado ampliamente en el diagnóstico médico. La importancia tecnológica de las imágenes de rayos X ha llevado al rápido desarrollo de detectores de rayos X de alto rendimiento y las aplicaciones de imágenes asociadas. Por lo tanto, los servicios de imágenes médicas proponen estrategias efectivas en la funcionalidad de la radiología digital, factores que interfieren con el proceso del sistema informático. Conclusión. Teniendo en cuenta los avances técnicos y fundamentales de los detectores de rayos X, el surgimiento de la radiografía computarizada (CR) (DR) ha llevado a la evolución tecnológica para la obtención de imágenes de rayos X digitales con información más precisa e instantánea, mientras que su mecanismode lectura separado adolece de limitaciones técnicas, como una alta dosis de radiación y una imagen no dinámica, esto permite a los prestadores de servicio de imagenología se motiven a invertir en una tecnología adecuada para generar un aprovechamiento más óptimo de los recursos y el servicio sea prestado al paciente con alta calidad

Emotion detection through biomedical signals: A pilot study

Emotions are affective states accompanied by physiological reactions that affect cognition processes such as decision making, perception, and learning. Emotion detection can be helpful in fields like education, sports and accident prevention. In this pilot study, we used biosensors to measure heart rate and galvanic skin response of twenty-eight volunteers (fourteen male, fourteen female). They were asked to watch video clips to elicit two target emotions: Amusement and anger. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mean values of biosignals and emotional states (including amusement, anger and neutral state). From the analysis of variance, Fisher least significant difference and Multiple Range test, it was observed that emotions elicited with video clips influence mean values and other features of physiological signals with a confidence level of 90%. © SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only

The Influence of the media and advertising on eating disorders

This article describes a literature review of the influence of advertising and the media on Eating Disorders (ED). Research published in scientific journals in various fields of social sciences such as sychology, psychiatry and communication science has enabled us to conclude that the content displayed in the media, including advertising, are enhancers of disorders and contribute significantly to body issatisfaction in relation to the perceived idea of beauty, it also facilitates the development of weight loss strategies in women and gain of muscle mass in men

COMPETENCIA OCUPACIONAL Y RENDIMIENTO DIFERIDO DE LOS ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS

Objetivo: determinar la relación de la competencia ocupacional con el rendimiento diferido de los estudiantes universitarios. Metodología: se contó con una muestra de 50 estudiantes con riesgo “crítico y alto” de deserción de la facultad de Salud de la Universidad de Pamplona, pertenecientes al programa de Alertas tempranas. El trabajo se fundamentó en el abordaje de investigación cuantitativo, de manera que la información muestra una perspectiva más amplia de la competencia ocupacional y el rendimiento diferido. Se utilizó la recolección y el análisis de los datos para contestar la pregunta de investigación y probar la hipótesis establecida previamente, también se confío en la medición numérica, el conteo, y el uso frecuente de la estadística, para establecer con exactitud los factores que conllevan al bajo rendimiento de los estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: se apoyaron estrategias mediante la creación de un programa denominado “la participación es el camino que nos conduce al éxito” que favoreció la participación ocupacional y, por tanto, mejoró el rendimiento académico de la población estudiada. Conclusiones: el programa estuvo orientando al desarrollo de varias etapas de fortalecimiento, generando beneficios al permitir la exploración y determinación de intereses, el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y la búsqueda de significado y crecimiento personal de la competencia ocupacional

Long-range pollution transport during the MILAGRO-2006 campaign: a case study of a major Mexico City outflow event using free-floating altitude-controlled balloons

One of the major objectives of the Megacities Initiative: Local And Global Research Observations (MILAGRO-2006) campaign was to investigate the long-range transport of polluted Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) outflow and determine its downwind impacts on air quality and climate. Six research aircraft, including the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) C-130, made extensive chemical, aerosol, and radiation measurements above MCMA and more than 1000 km downwind in order to characterize the evolution of the outflow as it aged and dispersed over the Mesa Alta, Sierra Madre Oriental, Coastal Plain, and Gulf of Mexico. As part of this effort, free-floating Controlled-Meteorological (CMET) balloons, commanded to change altitude via satellite, made repeated profile measurements of winds and state variables within the advecting outflow. In this paper, we present an analysis of the data from two CMET balloons that were launched near Mexico City on the afternoon of 18 March 2006 and floated downwind with the MCMA pollution for nearly 30 h. The repeating profile measurements show the evolving structure of the outflow in considerable detail: its stability and stratification, interaction with other air masses, mixing episodes, and dispersion into the regional background. Air parcel trajectories, computed directly from the balloon wind profiles, show three transport pathways on 18–19 March: (a) high-altitude advection of the top of the MCMA mixed layer, (b) mid-level outflow over the Sierra Madre Oriental followed by decoupling and isolated transport over the Gulf of Mexico, and (c) low-level outflow with entrainment into a cleaner northwesterly jet above the Coastal Plain. The C-130 aircraft intercepted the balloon-based trajectories three times on 19 March, once along each of these pathways; in all three cases, peaks in urban tracer concentrations and LIDAR backscatter are consistent with MCMA pollution. In comparison with the transport models used in the campaign, the balloon-based trajectories appear to shear the outflow far more uniformly and decouple it from the surface, thus forming a thin but expansive polluted layer over the Gulf of Mexico that is well aligned with the aircraft observations. These results provide critical context for the extensive aircraft measurements made during the 18–19 March MCMA outflow event and may have broader implications for modelling and understanding long-range transport