A New Species of \u3ci\u3ePterygodermatites\u3c/i\u3e (Nematoda: Rictulariidae) from the Incan Shrew Opossum, \u3ci\u3eLestoros inca\u3c/i\u3e

Pterygodermatites (Paucipectines) hymanae n. sp. (Rictulariidae) collected from the Incan shrew opossum, Lestoros inca, from Peru is described herein. These nematodes show a subapical, slightly dorsal oral opening and a laterally compressed buccal capsule with 2 conspicuous lateral walls and a dorsal wall. Each lateroventral wall possesses 4 relatively large denticles, and the dorsal wall has 6 denticles. Females are characterized by a conspicuously large postvulvar 37th spine, which may reach 1 mm. This is the first record of endoparasites in the Incan shrew opossum and the fifth species of Pterygodermatites recorded in New World marsupials

Pritchardia boliviensis N. Gen., N. Sp. (Anoplocephalidae: Linstowinae) a tapeworm from opossums (Didelphidae) in the yungas and lowlands of Bolivia and Atlantic forest of Paraguay

Scott L. Gardner, F. Agustín Jiménez, Mariel L. Campbelll (2013): Pritchardia boliviensis N. Gen., N. Sp. (Anoplocephalidae: Linstowinae) a tapeworm from opossums (Didelphidae) in the yungas and lowlands of Bolivia and Atlantic forest of Paraguay. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 319: 1-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.103520

A meta-analysis of environmental factor effects on ammonia emissions from dairy cattle houses

[EN] Livestock housing is one of the main sources of ammonia (NH3) emissions from agriculture. Different management and environmental factors are known to affect NH3 emissions from housing systems. The aim of this study was to quantitatively define the effect of temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, and ventilation rate on NH3 release rates from dairy cattle housing by conducting a meta-analysis of published scientific results. A literature survey was performed to review studies published before January 2018 that have identified statistical relationships between NH3 emissions and environmental factors such as air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity, or ventilation rate in dairy cattle housing. Experimental values were related using a mixed model analysis in order to analyse the effect of environmental factors on NH3 emissions. For this exercise, a total of 19 peerreviewed papers were considered and 27 different relations between air temperature and NH3 emissions were used for the analysis. A significant effect of air temperature inside the barn and ventilation rate on NH3 emissions was observed. Results showed that NH3 emissions increased linearly with increasing air temperature (ºC) inside the barn by 1.47 g [NH3] cow 1 d 1 when temperature increased by one degree. For ventilation rate, an increase of 100 m3 h 1 cow 1 led to an increase in NH3 emissions of 0.007 g [NH3] cow 1 d 1 . The equations obtained in this work might help to provide information on NH3 barnrelated emissions behaviour under these environmental conditions, bearing in mind that other source of emissions such as diet composition and animal performance might be also affected by climate changes.This study is part of the project OPTIBARN and was financially supported by the Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria through the research grant 618105 FACCE Era Net Plus - Food Security, Agriculture, Climate Change ERA-NET plus. This work has been also funded by the Basque Government through the BERG 2018-2021 program and by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO through BC3 Maria de Maeztu excellence accreditation MDM-2017-0714.Sanchis Jiménez, EM.; Calvet, S.; Del Prado, A.; Estellés, F. (2019). A meta-analysis of environmental factor effects on ammonia emissions from dairy cattle houses. Biosystems Engineering. 178:176-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2018.11.017S17618317

A New Species of Cyclobulura (Nematoda: Subuluridae) from Zaedyus pichiy and Chaetophractus vellerosus (Xenarthra: Dasypodidae) in Argentina

Cyclobulura superinae n. sp. collected from Zaedyus pichiy and Chaetophractus vellerosus is herein described as the second species in Cyclobulura Quentin, 1977, and the first subulurid in armadillos. The species is unique in the spur-like structures present at the tip of both spicules, yet they conform to the description of Cyclobulura in the structure of the buccal parts. Specimens of the new species show longer chordal lobes and more conspicuous radial lobes and are smaller than specimens of C. lainsoni. In addition, males of C. superinae exhibit a spur-like process in the distal end of the spicules and a shorter tail (170 vs. 300 µm) with no spine. Finally, the eggs of C. superinae are smaller (60-89 × 45-71 vs. 95-100 × 80-85). To our knowledge, the new species is the first subulurid nematode found in an armadillo

A new species of Torrestrongylus (Trichostrongylidae, Anoplostrongylinae) from Macrotus waterhousii (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Central Mexico

A new species of nematode, Torrestrongylus tetradorsalis n. sp., is described herein, based on specimens recovered from the small intestine of the leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus waterhousii, from the Biosphere Reserve “Sierra de Huautla” in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The new species is included in Torrestrongylus because it features a bursa of the type 3 – 2, a divided cephalic vesicle with an anterior half in the shape of an umbrella, and a posterior widened half. The new species can be distinguished from the only other congener T. torrei Pérez-Vigueras, 1935 by four key features: first, by the absence of cervical alae in both males and females; second, by the relatively longer second half of the cephalic cap; third, by the configuration of the dorsal ray, that does not have a medial terminal ray, and finally, by the structure of the spicules. This is the second species in the genus, previously known from bats of the families Phyllostomidae and Molossidae in Cuba, and now in Mexico

PARASITES FROM HUMAN COPROLITES FROM MEXICO ZOONOTIC AND HUMAN PARASITES OF INHABITANTS OF CUEVA DE LOS MUERTOS CHIQUITOS, RIO ZAPE VALLEY, DURANGO, MEXICO.

We present the first reconstruction of the parasitoses among the people of the Loma San Gabriel culture, as represented by 36 coprolites excavated from the Cueva de los Muertos Chiquitos in Durango, Mexico. The coprolites date to approximately 1,400-yr-ago. Species identified based on eggs recovered include the trematode Echinostoma sp., the tapeworms Hymenolepis sp. and Dipylidium caninum, and the nematodes Ancylostoma duodenale, Enterobius vermicularis, and Trichuris trichiura. After rehydration and screening, 2 methods were used to recover eggs from these samples including spontaneous sedimentation and flotation. Samples were analyzed by 3 different laboratories for independent verification and comparison of methods. Spontaneous sedimentation resulted in the discovery of hymenolepidid eggs that were not found with flotation. Sedimentation was a more-sensitive indicator of prevalence as well. The modified method of flotation permitted estimation of egg concentration and resulted in the detection of a few specimens not found by sedimentation. The results of both methods showed that 19 (of 36) coprolites contained helminth eggs. Our results detected the presence of pathogenic helminths including hookworms and whipworms. The cestodes found do not cause severe pathology in humans. The early dates of hookworm and whipworm, relative to other findings in the southwest United States, indicate that these parasites arrived relatively late in prehistory in Arizona and New Mexico, probably moving into the area with travelers from Mesoamerica

Aspidoderid Nematodes from Bolivian Armadillos, with the Description of a New Species of Lauroia (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae)

One nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) and 1 yellow armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) were necropsied in the field during an expedition to collect parasites of mammals in Bolivia. A total of 205 Aspidodera binansata Railliet and Henry, 1913 (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), and 40 specimens of Lauroia bolivari n. sp. (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) were recovered from the cecum and large intestines of D. novemcinctus and E. sexcinctus. Aspidodera esperanzae Fujita et al., 1995, is proposed as a junior synonym of A. binansata based on the structure of the cordons on the hood. Lauroia bolivari n. sp. has an undercut cephalic cap and unequal spicules. It differs from other species in the genus in the shape of the cephalic cap and from Lauroia travassosi Proença, 1938, in the relative proportion of the spicules. This is the first record of a member of Lauroia Proença, 1938, for Bolivia

High Photo-Current in Solution Processed Organic Solar Cells Based on Porphyrin Core A-π-D-π-A as Electron Donor Material

Two new conjugated acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-p-D-p-A) molecules with a porphyrin core linked by ethynylene bridges to two thiophene (1a) or thienylenevinylenethiophene (1b) units and both capped by N-ethylrhodanine have been synthesized. These compounds were used as the main electron donor moieties for bulk heterojunction small molecule organic solar cells (BHJ-SMOSC). The optimized devices, with PC71BM as the main electron acceptor molecule, show remarkable short circuit currents, up to 13.2 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of around 0.85 V, and power conversion efficiencies up to 4.3% under 100 W/cm2. The External Quantum Efficiency (EQE), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), hole mobility, Photo-Induced Charge Extraction (PICE) and Photo-Induced Transient Photo-Voltage (PIT-PV) were analyzed in devices based on 1a and 1b in order to account for differences in the final performance of the two molecules. The PIT-PV decays showed slower recombination kinetics for devices fabricated with 1b. Moreover, the EQE was greater for 1b and this is ascribed to the better nanomorphology, which allows better charge collection before carrier recombination takes place