Multiple – Wavelength Catalogs of the Point Sources in the South Ecliptic Pole Region Detected by Blast

The goal of this project is to examine the far - infrared sources in the South Ecliptic Pole region (SEP) observed by the Balloon-Borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST). A primary science goal is to understand star formation processes. Most of the sources are assumed to be luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), in which high rates of star formation are believed to be occurring. The BLAST experiment mapped the 10 SEP at three wavelengths (250, 350 and 500 μm). To aid future studies of the SEP, three lists of interesting sources were created with an IDL source extraction algorithm. The first list is a catalog of all 5 σ sources and their counterparts. The second list contains sources which have unambiguous counterparts in the three wavelengths. The sources of the third list are likely to be high redshift. Spectral Energy Distributions (SED) were fit to each of the listed sources with an IDL SED fitter. Using the SED, preliminary estimates of luminosity and star formation rates can be made. The combined and unambiguous catalogs can be used to select targets for future observations. The third list will be especially useful for selecting high redshift LIRGs for future observations. Many of the presumed high redshift sources are unrealistically bright. It is possible that they are high redshift sources which are gravitationally lensed and magnified by clusters. The number of bright high redshift sources identified was used to test a recent theoretical model of the abundance of clusters

Multiple Images of a Highly Magnified Supernova Formed by an Early-Type Cluster Galaxy Lens

In 1964, Refsdal hypothesized that a supernova whose light traversed multiple paths around a strong gravitational lens could be used to measure the rate of cosmic expansion. We report the discovery of such a system. In Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we have found four images of a single supernova forming an Einstein cross configuration around a redshift z=0.54 elliptical galaxy in the MACS J1149.6+2223 cluster. The cluster's gravitational potential also creates multiple images of the z=1.49 spiral supernova host galaxy, and a future appearance of the supernova elsewhere in the cluster field is expected. The magnifications and staggered arrivals of the supernova images probe the cosmic expansion rate, as well as the distribution of matter in the galaxy and cluster lenses.Comment: Published in the 6 March 2015 issue of Science; 17 pages, 7 figures, and 3 tables including Supplementary Material

Rubin-Euclid Derived Data Products:Initial Recommendations

This report is the result of a joint discussion between the Rubin and Euclid scientific communities. The work presented in this report was focused on designing and recommending an initial set of Derived Data products (DDPs) that could realize the science goals enabled by joint processing. All interested Rubin and Euclid data rights holders were invited to contribute via an online discussion forum and a series of virtual meetings. Strong interest in enhancing science with joint DDPs emerged from across a wide range of astrophysical domains: Solar System, the Galaxy, the Local Volume, from the nearby to the primaeval Universe, and cosmology

Investigating the Dynamics of Canonical Flux Tubes

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2017-08Observations indicate that the dynamics of plasmas in our cosmos, the heliosphere, and terrestrial experiments can involve conversions between magnetic and kinetic energies over a wide range of plasma scales, such as in reconnection and dynamos. Canonical flux tubes present the distinct advantage of reconciling all plasma regimes, e.g. single particle, kinetic, two-fluid, and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), with the topological concept of helicity: twists, writhes, and linkages. This thesis presents the first application of the theory of canonical helicity transport to design a laboratory canonical flux tube experiment, develop methods to measure a large volumetric dataset of magnetic field and ion flow, reconstruct the 3D dynamics of canonical flux tubes, and determine the canonical helicity evolution. Newcomb’s variational ideal MHD stability analysis is used to identify the possibility of a lengthening current-carrying magnetic flux tube undergoing a sausage-kink instability cascade. The instability cascade may couple to smaller scales at which conversions between species helicities are expected to occur. Experiment control and high-throughput field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based digitizers provide the means to measure the large datasets. Ion and electron canonical flux tubes are visualized from a dataset of Mach, triple, and Ḃ probe measurements at over 10,000 spatial locations of a gyrating kinked plasma column. The flux tubes co-gyrate with the peak density and electron temperature in and out of a measurement subvolume. The electron and ion flux tubes twist with opposite handedness and the ion canonical flux tube writhes around the electron canonical flux tube. Videos of the canonical flux tube reconstructions are available as supplemental material in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. The cross helicity between the magnetic and ion flow vorticity flux tubes dominates the ion canonical helicity and is anticorrelated with the magnetic helicity. The methods developed in this thesis can be applied to other laboratory experiments to improve the understanding of canonical helicity transport; which could help identify how destabilizing magnetic twist is converted to stabilizing shear flows in astrophysical jets and could aid in developing methods for driving shear flow transport barriers in fusion devices

Deprecated see https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.495787 (MochiFPGAcontrol: High-throughput FPGA code for NI-5752 digitizers)

Mochi FPGA control This LabVIEW project programs a PXIe-7962R field programmable arrays (FPGA) to read out 50Mhz 12 bit samples for 800 us from a NI-5752 digitizer. The PXIe-7962R reads out the samples as 16-bit words, resulting in a data throughput of 3.2GB/s. This code achieves a throughput to the on board DRAM of ~3 GB/s, limiting the acquisition time to ~800us when the overflow data fills the on board block memory. Requirements Software Dependencies All software can be downloaded from the National Instruments website. LabVIEW 2015 (or later) LabVIEW FPGA module FlexRIO drivers FlexRIO adapter drivers Xilinx Compile Tools NI-Sync Hardware Requirements This code is custom designed to this specific hardware. It can, however, serve as an example to be adapted to other NI FPGA based digitizers. NI-5752 digitizer PXIe-7962R FPGA Two NI chassis Two NI sync cards (e.g. PXIe 6672, PXI 6652) The code is designed to work in a double chassis configuration with two synchronization cards. This double chassis requirement could be removed with minor edits in the host Vis. Important Files LabVIEW FPGA projects consist of FPGA VIs meant to be compiled to bitfiles and run on the FPGAs, and Host VIs to be run on a computer. MochiFPGAControl.lvproj is the LabVIEW project file which should be opened with LabVIEW. host_with_sub_vis_timed_pulse.vi is the recommended host test file. There are options to set the number of samples that should be acquired and to display the acquisition from one channel. An analog digital high pass filter can be set to on or off. It should be set to on. A digital high pass filter can be set with a binary number. The possible settings can be looked up in the AFE 5801. FPGA Bitfiles/MOCHIFPGAControl_2016-11-29_generic_register_setting_5f6bfda_K10_digital_filters.lvbitx is the bitfile that has to be loaded onto the FPGA. pxie_7962_fpga.vi is the FPGA vi. The bitfile is compiled from this file. Setup The HostVI is setup to synchronize two chassis (one leader, one follower) and trigger the FPGA. The FPGA should be located in the follower. The synchronization cards, one in each chassis should be connected with two coax cables. One coax cable should connect PFI 0 of the leader to PFI 1 of the leader and the other cable PFI 2 of the leader to PFI 0 of the follower. The bitfile has to be loaded onto the FPGA, one way to do this is with NI MAX and the update firmware option. Reference Jens von der Linden. (In preparation). Investigating the Dynamics of Canonical Flux Tubes (Doctoral dissertation). Chapter 4. University of Washington. NI-5752 spec sheet. AFE-5801 (Texas Instruments) spec sheet. Each NI-5752 has 4x AFE-5801 ADC chips. The analog filter settings have to be set on ADC chip registers. NI LabVIEW High-Performance FPGA Developer's Guide. 2014. Improvements Bitpacking the 16 bit words to 12 bits. This would reduce the data throughput to ~2.25GB/s and increase the acquisition time. First steps are in the bitpacking branches in the GitHub repository (MochiLab/mochiFPGAcontrol). Use of K7 library to manage DRAM memory. There is a LabVIEW FPGA DRAM memory library that could simplify the read and write process to the DRAM. First steps are in the guys_version branch in the GitHub repository (MochiLab/mochiFPGAcontrol). Using digital outputs of the NI-5752 as counters. The clock in the digitizer adapter could be used as a driver for single-cycle timed loop. An upcount vi could count 20ns ticks and then turn on the digital output channels at given counts. Acknowledgments Thanks to Glenn Manlongat (National Instruments) for help specifying and selecting the hardware, and Guy McDonnell (National Instruments) for help and advice developing the FPGA code. Contact Jens von der Linden [email protected]

Aprotinin: is it time to reconsider?

SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe