Sleep’s role in the reconsolidation of declarative memories

AbstractSleep is known to support the consolidation of newly encoded and initially labile memories. Once consolidated, remote memories can return to a labile state upon reactivation and need to become reconsolidated in order to persist. Here we asked whether sleep also benefits the reconsolidation of remote memories after their reactivation and how reconsolidation during sleep compares to sleep-dependent consolidation processes. In three groups, participants were trained on a visuo-spatial learning task in the presence of a contextual odor. Participants in the ‘reconsolidation’ group learned the task on day 1. On day 2, they were subjected to a reactivation procedure by presenting the odor cue and a mock recall test in the learning context before a 40-min sleep or wake period. Participants in the ‘remote consolidation’ group followed the same procedure but did not receive reactivation on day 2. Participants in the ‘recent consolidation’ group skipped the procedure on day 1 and learned the task immediately before the sleep or wake period. After the sleep or wake interval, memory stability was tested in all subjects. The results show that this short 40-min sleep period significantly facilitated the reconsolidation of reactivated memories, whereas the consolidation of non-reactivated remote memories was less affected and recently encoded memories did not benefit at all. These findings tentatively suggest that sleep has a beneficial effect on the reconsolidation of remote memories, acting at a faster rate than sleep-associated consolidation

ECoMobility – Connected E-Mobility. Vernetzte Elektromobilität am Beispiel der Technischen Universität Chemnitz

Das Forschungsprojekt ECoMobility – Vernetzte Elektromobilität am Beispiel der Technischen Universität Chemnitz untersuchte in unterschiedlichen Schwerpunktbereichen u.a. die Entwicklung eines vernetzten multimodalen Sharingsystems mit Elektrofahrzeugen, den Aufbau und die Steuerung der Ladeinfrastruktur, die Fahrstilklassifikation der Fahrer und dessen energieeffiziente Optimierung durch Anreize, die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines energieeffizienten Routingsystems für Elektrofahrzeuge sowie die Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtung des Gesamtsystems und Geschäftsmodellentwicklung für vergleichbare Ansätze.The research project ECoMobility - Connected electromobility at Chemnitz University of Technology examined the development of a connected multimodal sharing system with electric vehicles, the implementation of the charging infrastructure, the driving style classification of the drivers and its energy-efficient optimization by incentives, the development and evaluation of an energy-efficient routing system for electric vehicles as well as the economic analysis of the overall system and business model development for comparable approaches

Reactivation during sleep with incomplete reminder cues rather than complete ones stabilizes long-term memory in humans

Reactivation by reminder cues labilizes memories during wakefulness, requiring reconsolidation to persist. In contrast, during sleep, cued reactivation seems to directly stabilize memories. In reconsolidation, incomplete reminders are more effective in reactivating memories than complete reminders by inducing a mismatch, i.e. a discrepancy between expected and actual events. Whether mismatch is likewise detected during sleep is unclear. Here we test whether cued reactivation during sleep is more effective for mismatch-inducing incomplete than complete reminders. We first establish that only incomplete but not complete reminders labilize memories during wakefulness. When complete or incomplete reminders are presented during 40-min sleep, both reminders are equally effective in stabilizing memories. However, when extending the retention interval for another 7 hours (following 40-min sleep), only incomplete but not complete reminders stabilize memories, regardless of the extension containing wakefulness or sleep. We propose that, during sleep, only incomplete reminders initiate long-term memory stabilization via mismatch detection.Fil: Forcato, Cecilia. Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires. Departamento de Investigación y Doctorado; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Klinzing, Jens G.. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Alemania. University of Princeton; Estados UnidosFil: Carbone, Julia. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; AlemaniaFil: Radloff, Michael. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; AlemaniaFil: Weber, Frederik D.. Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen. Donders Instituto Brain Cognition and Behavior. SNN Machine Learning Group; Países BajosFil: Born, Jan. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; AlemaniaFil: Diekelmann, Susanne. Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Alemani

Influenza surveillance in Europe: comparing intensity levels calculated using the moving epidemic method.

Although influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) surveillance are well established in Europe, the comparability of intensity among countries and seasons remains an unresolved challenge. The objective is to compare the intensity of ILI and ARI in some European countries. Weekly ILI and ARI incidence rates and proportion of primary care consultations were modeled in 28 countries for the 1996/1997-2013/2014 seasons using the moving epidemic method (MEM). We calculated the epidemic threshold and three intensity thresholds, which delimit five intensity levels: baseline, low, medium, high, and very high. The intensity of 2013/2014 season is described and compared by country. The lowest ILI epidemic thresholds appeared in Sweden and Estonia (below 10 cases per 100 000) and the highest in Belgium, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Serbia, and Slovakia (above 100 per 100 000). The 2009/2010 season was the most intense, with 35% of the countries showing high or very high intensity levels. The European epidemic period in season 2013/2014 started in January 2014 in Spain, Poland, and Greece. The intensity was between low and medium and only Greece reached the high intensity level, in weeks 7 to 9/2014. Some countries remained at the baseline level throughout the entire surveillance period. Epidemic and intensity thresholds varied by country. Influenza-like illnesses and ARI levels normalized by MEM in 2013/2014 showed that the intensity of the season in Europe was between low and medium in most of the countries. Comparing intensity among seasons or countries is essential for understanding patterns in seasonal epidemics. An automated standardized model for comparison should be implemented at national and international levels.This work has been funded by the National and International Public Institutions and the Regional Health Department of Castilla y León (Spain).S

第848回 千葉医学会例会・第7回 磯野外科例会 60.

<p>Shown are membrane voltages of the cortical pyramidal (top) and the thalamic relay population (bottom). During N3 the model shows ongoing slow oscillatory activity. In contrast to sleep stage N2, SOs cannot be identified as isolated events. Furthermore, there are no isolated spindle oscillations and spindle activity is time-locked to SOs. Parameters are given in <a href="http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005022#pcbi.1005022.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>.</p